Ca2CuO3的高压结构性质研究

 采用金刚石压砧高压装置（DAC）,对具有Cu—O链结构的Ca₂CuO₃的多晶粉末样品进行了高压同步辐射能散X射线衍射实验。实验结果表明,在0～34 GPa压力范围内,Ca₂CuO₃晶体没有发生结构相变,用Birch-Murnaghan状态方程拟合,得到在压力导数B′₀=4时,零压体弹模量B₀=165.4±1.8 GPa。     

Resistivity Measurement of Molten Olivine in a Laser-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell

The electrical conductivity of molten olivine is studied up to 3720K and 13.2 GPa. The results indicate that the electrical conductivity of molten olivine exhibits the perfect Arrhenius behaviour. The activation energy as well as temperature effect is much smaller than that of the solid olivine. It is expected that the high conductivity zone in the mantle is almost independent of the melting based on our experimental data.     

Compression Behaviour of Bulk Metallic Glasses and Binary Amorphous Alloy

The compression properties of Zr41Ti14Cu12.aNi10Be22.5, Zr44.4Nb7Cu13.5Ni10.8Be24.3 bulk metallic glasses and Ni77P23 binary amorphous alloy are investigated at room temperature up to 24 GPa, 39 GPa and 30.5 GPa, respectively, using in-situ high pressure energy dispersive x-ray diffraction with a synchrotron radiation source. The pressure-volume relationship of Ni77P23 amorphous alloy is consistent well with the second order BirchMurnaghan （B-M） equation within the experimental pressure range. However, under higher pressure, the experimental data of Zr-based specimens deviate from the B-M equation. Compare to the binary amorphous alloy less excess free volume existing in the bulk metallic glass and multi-component atomic configuration results in a two-stage relationship between compressibility and pressure.     

用交流阻抗法研究BCX电池的性能

研究Li/SOCl2电池和BCX电池贮存过程正极和负极的交流阻抗谱变化.结果表明,两种电池正、负电极的阻抗都随贮存时间的延长呈先增加而后大致稳定趋势,但如于电解液中添加BrCl,则可使该电极阻抗大大降低,Li电极的阻抗值比添加前降低了近一半,而玻碳电极的则从添加前的~100 kΩ降低到添加后的2kΩ左右;玻碳电极的阻抗值远大于Li电极,是电池的控制电极.     

LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.2)O_2的络合法合成及其电化学性能研究

采用络合法制备了锂离子电池的活性正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.2O2粉体,该合成材料结晶良好,层状结构发育完善.电池充放电测试表明,作为锂离子电池正极,其电化学性能与LiNi0.8Co0.2O2粉体的合成温度有关,其中以900℃下合成得到的材料性能最优:第1次放电比容量高达142mAh/g,循环30次后可逆比容量仍高达122mAh/g,容量损失为14.5%.文中对容量退化的原因进行了分析.     

层状钙钛矿结构锰氧化物Ca3Mn2O 7的压致结构相变

采用金刚石压砧高压装置（DAC）,对层状钙钛矿结构锰氧化物Ca3Mn2O7的粉末样品进行了高压能散X射线衍射实验。实验结果表明,在0－35GPa压力范围内,Ca3Mn2O7晶体结构发生了两次相变。在1．3GPa左右,由原来的四方相转变为正交相,在9．5GPa左右,又由正交相向新的四方相转变。     

高压下两种8-羟基喹啉络合物的发光行为和结构变化

测定了在高压条件下两种金属（钙和锌）的8 羟基喹啉络合物的晶体粉末样品的发光行为和原位X光衍射光谱.结果表明,压力对其发光性质产生极大的影响.随着压力的增加,8 羟基喹啉钙的发光强度在3 GPa以内时大大增加,随后发光强度快速下降,到7 GPa左右时几乎为零.而8 羟基喹啉锌的发光强度随压力的增加而逐渐降低,到7 GPa左右时约为常压的10％.高压下的原位X光衍射结果表明,8 羟基喹啉钙的晶体在3～4 GPa开始 发生非晶化相变,在7 GPa时该非晶化相变完成,样品的X光衍射完全消失.而8 羟基喹啉锌在压力的作用下（至16 GPa）没有发生明显的相变.     

Isostructural Phase Transition of TiN under High Pressure

In situ high-pressure energy dispersive x-ray diffraction experiments on polycrystalline powder TiN with NaCltype structure have been conducted with the pressure up to 30.1 GPa by using a diamond anvil cell instrument with synchrotron radiation at room temperature. The experimental results suggest that an isostructural phase transition might exist at about 7 GPa as revealed by the discontinuity of V/Vo with pressure.     

钙钛矿型(Pbnm)化合物在高压下的结构变化

ABX₃型钙钛矿,最常见的结构为斜方晶系Pbnm,在高压下的结构变化具有多样性.本文简要介绍了3个参量(t,V_A/V_B,E_tot),描述ABX₃型钙钛矿结构的稳定性,全面总结了应用这3个参量建立的高压下钙钛矿结构(Pbnm)变化模型,基中有些模型对所有的钙钛矿结构都适合.通过举例,运用不同的模型对CaTiO₃(Pbnm)在高压下的结构变化进行综合分析,定性地得出随着压力的增加其结构的对称性应降低.     

Pressure-Induced Phase Transition in BaTiO3 Nanocrystals

The crystal structure and electric properties of BaTiO3 nanocrystals are studied by in situ high-pressure synchrotron radiation x-ray powder diffraction. The phase transition takes place not only in the samples of BaTiO3 nanocrystals that are tetragonal phase with grain sizes more than 100nm, but also in the samples of BaTiO3 nanocrystals that are cubic phase with grain sizes less than 100nm. The pressures of phase transition are found to increase with decrease of the grain size from about 4 to 10GPa for crystallites ranging from 200 to 10nm in radius. The bulk moduli are calculated according to Birch-Murnaghan state equation before and after the phase transition.