钉螺对不同宿主源性日本血吸虫毛蚴的易感性

目的了解钉螺对不同终宿主源性日本血吸虫毛蚴的易感性差异。方法收集家兔、水牛和小白鼠排出的虫卵,孵出毛蚴,以毛蚴和钉螺5：1的比例感染同一地钉螺。同时设对照组,观察各组钉螺感染率、死亡率。结果实验组家兔、水牛和小白鼠排出虫卵孵出毛蚴感染钉螺,获得的阳性率分别为1.42%、8.67%和19.87%,钉螺死亡率分别为29.5%、13.5%和24.5%;对照组钉螺阳性率分别为2.63%、2.02%和11.66%,死亡率分别为24.0%、49.5%和18.5%。结论不同宿主源日本血吸虫毛蚴对钉螺易感性存在差异。     

Geometry of thoracolumbar vertebral endplates of the human spine

Novel and better vertebral body replacement constructs are always desired by surgeons. Endplate geometry is crucial for the design of those implants, but current literature on that topic is very scarce. The authors present a morphometric study of thoracolumbar vertebral endplates, the goal of which was to analyze the geometry of endplates from T10 inferior to L3 superior by employing data from CT scans, as well as to verify the reliability of data derived from the CT measurement. Reformatted CT scans of 83 individuals were analyzed and sagittal concave angle, location of concave region, sagittal diameter of endplate, coronal concave angle, as well as transverse diameter of endplate were measured in midsagittal plane and specified coronal plane. The data of CT and cadaveric measurements of ten cadaveric specimens were also compared. Age and gender did not influence sagittal concave angle, location of concave region, and coronal concave angle significantly (P > 0.05). No significant difference has been revealed among each endplate for sagittal concave angle (range 162.5°–163.9°) and location of concave region (range 42.5–44.2%), either. Ranging between 170.9° and 175.7°, coronal concave angle was constantly larger in superior endplate than in inferior one. The sagittal and transverse endplate diameters of females were significantly smaller than those of males (P < 0.05), being about 88% of the latter one. The mean difference between CT and cadaveric measurements was small (Cronbach alpha > 0.8). Those morphologic parameters, especially the concavity of endplates, should be taken into consideration when designing novel vertebral body replacement constructs. CT measurement data could be used to calculate most suitable geometric parameters of those implants.     

Surgical treatment of cervical kyphosis

Cervical kyphosis is an uncommon but potentially debilitating and challenging condition. We reviewed the etiology, presentation, clinical and radiological evaluation, and treatment of cervical kyphosis. Based on the current controversy as to the ideal mode of surgical management, we paid particular attention to the available surgical strategies. There are three approaches for cervical kyphosis: the anterior, posterior or combined procedures. The principal indication for the posterior strategy is a flexible kyphosis or kyphosis caused by ankylosing spondylitis. The main point of debate is between the choice of the anterior or the combined strategy. The two strategies were compared with regard to clinical outcome, correction of deformity, rate of fusion, complications, revision surgery, and mortality. The combined strategy appears to result in a greater degree of correction than the anterior-alone strategy, and it is more likely to improve the cervical alignment to achieve a lordosis. However, the procedure carries a higher rate of postoperative neurological deterioration, complications, revision surgery, and mortality. Although the anterior-alone strategy achieves a smaller reduction of cervical kyphosis, it has a lower rate of postoperative neurological deterioration, complications, revision surgery, and mortality. We recommend that the surgical treatment of cervical kyphosis should be planned on an individual basis. A multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled study would be necessary to determine the ideal mode of treatment for complex cervical kyphosis.     

济南市住院学龄儿童家长对在院学习辅导需求的调查

目的 了解学龄期住院儿童家长对在院患儿学习辅导需求现状.方法 采用自行编写问卷,对100例住院学龄患儿的家长进行调查.结果 65.0%家长表示患儿需要在院学习辅导,35.0%拒绝在院辅导.认为患儿需要在院学习辅导的家长中,86.2%选择课本知识为辅导内容,84.6%认为在院学习辅导课时在40 min以内,53.8%选择...     

实习护生应对方式在就业压力与专业自我概念间的中介作用

目的 了解实习护生就业压力状况,探讨应对方式在就业压力与专业自我概念间的中介作用.方法 采用大学生就业压力问卷、简易应对方式问卷和护理专业自我概念量表对196名实习护生进行调查.结果 实习护生就业压力总分为2.74±0.65,6个因子得分最高的为缺少求职帮助,得分最低的为自我认识与定位.护生就业压力与应对方式和专业自我...     

手术室护士维护患者安全行为及其影响因素的研究

目的 了解手术室护士维护患者安全的护理行为现状及其影响因素,为实施针对性教育和管理提供参考.方法 采用自行设计的手术室护士维护患者安全护理行为问卷对109名手术室护士进行调查.结果 手术室护士得分最高和最低的维度分别是正确识别患者(4.43±0.85)和鼓励患者及其家属参与照护(3.60±0.96).影响手术室护士安全...     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗胃底固有肌层肿瘤18例临床分析

目的探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗胃底固有肌层肿瘤的疗效和安全性。方法对胃镜及超声胃镜检查发现的来源于胃底固有肌层的肿瘤应用IT刀、HOOK刀进行ESD治疗。结果 18例来源于胃底固有肌层的肿瘤全部完整剥离,所有剥离病变全部得到病理确诊,基底和切缘未见病变累及。术中出血量平均40ml,均经电凝、氩离子血浆凝固和止血夹成功止血,ESD穿孔发生率17%(3/18)。结论 ESD是治疗胃底固有肌层肿瘤的有效方法,疗效可靠,不仅可以完整切除病变,还能提供完整的病理学诊断资料。