猪脾组织浸液对大白鼠受抑肾上腺皮质束状带作用的组织形态学研究

本文于实验条件下观察猪脾浸液对大白鼠受抑肾上腺皮质束状带的影响,发现该浸液对束状带具有多种ACTH样生物学效应,主要表现为使束状带增宽,血窦扩张,束状带内透明细胞和致密细胞增多,特别是于束状带细胞超微结构水平上证实,组织浸液对该带细胞具有十分明显的促其激素合成与分泌的作用。     

Oligonucleotide probes for the analysis of specific repetitive DNA sequences by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Five non-isotopically labeled oligonucleotides have been designed and synthesized to facilitate the analysis of specific human and murine repetitive DNA sequences by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Three of the oligonucleotides contain alphoid DNA sequences; one hybridizes to the centromeres of all human and mouse chromosomes except the Y, while the other two are specific for human chromosomes 2 and 12, respectively. The fourth oligomer, containing sequences from the spacer region of a human 5S rDNA repeat, was used to confirm the map location of a approximately 100 copy 5S rDNA tandem repeat locus. The fifth oligomer, specific to the Alu family of repeats, generates a sharp R-banding pattern on human metaphase chromosomes, suitable for FISH karyotyping. These probes permit highly specific chromosome enumeration and aneuploidy detection with hybridization times as short as 30 minutes.     

Treatment of Gastric Adenocarcinoma May Differ Among Hospital Types in the United States,a Report from the National Cancer Data Base

The concept that complex surgical procedures should be performed at high-volume centers to improve surgical morbidity and mortality is becoming widely accepted. We wanted to determine if there were differences in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer between community cancer centers and teaching hospitals in the United States. Data from the 2001 Gastric Cancer Patient Care Evaluation Study of the National Cancer Data Base comprising 6,047 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma treated at 691 hospitals were assessed. The mean number of patients treated was larger at teaching hospitals (14/year) when compared to community centers (5–9/year) (p < 0.05). The utilization of laparoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography were significantly more common at teaching centers (p < 0.01). Pathologic assessment of greater than 15 nodes was documented in 31% of specimen at community hospitals and 38% at teaching hospitals (p < 0.01). Adjusted for cancer stage, chemotherapy and radiation therapy were utilized with equal frequency at all types of treatment centers. The 30-day postoperative mortality was lowest at teaching hospitals (5.5%) and highest at community hospitals (9.9%) (p < 0.01). These data support previous publications demonstrating that patients with diseases requiring specialized treatment have lower operative mortality when treated at high-volume centers. Presented at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Los Angeles, CA, May 20–25, 2006 The members of the Gastric Patient Care Evaluation Group from the Commission on Cancer are as follows: Carol Conner Ph.D., M.D.; Thomas Habermann, M.D.; Scott A. Hundahl, M.D.; Martin S. Karpeh, Jr., M.D.; M. Margaret Kemeny, M.D.; Paul J. Kurtin, M.D.; Gregory Y. Lauwers, M.D.; Paul F. Mansfield, M.D.; Peter W. T. Pisters, M.D.; Andrew K. Stewart, M.A.; Zuo Feng Zhang, M.D.     

老年无胸痛左束支传导阻滞患者的临床研究

目的 观察老年无胸痛左束支传导阻滞患者的病因及心功能情况。方法 对79例66岁以上无胸痛的左束支传导阻滞患者常规冠状动脉造影,手术前或后1周内进行超声心动描记术检查,分析其病因及心功能情况。结果 患者病因以心肌病最常见（37.9%）;孤立性原因次之（22.8%）;冠心病发生率仅为11.4%,但多合并较多冠心病危险因素。且显示随着QRS时间延长,所有患者的左心室舒张末径均增大,左心室射血分数下降,6min平均步行距离减少。以QRS时间≥0.16ms组最明显,两组差异均有非常显著性意义（P〈0.01）。结论 老年无胸痛左束支传导阻滞以心肌病最常见,合并冠心病的发生率不高,但患者的收缩舒张功能均受到损害。     

视频分析法定量评价扩张型心肌病的心肌组织灰阶

目的:应用声学组织灰阶定量技术,研究扩张型心肌病人的心肌组织灰阶特征。方法:应用计算机软件对正常人42例和经临床确诊的扩张型心肌病患者30例进行图象分析。结果:病例组一尖瓣水平的短轴切面上,室间隔和左室侧壁的心肌灰阶值均高于正常人,均有显著差别(P<0.01),而前壁的心肌灰阶值均低于正常人,有显著差别(P<0.01)。在乳头肌水平的短轴切面上,病例组室间隔和左室侧壁的心肌灰阶值稍高于正常人,但无显著差别(p>0.05),而前壁和后壁心肌灰阶值均低于正常人,均有显著差别(P<0.01)。     

Increase in the 64-kDa subunit of the polyadenylation/cleavage stimulatory factor during the G0 to S phase transition

The amount of the 64-kDa subunit of polyadenylation/cleavage stimulatory factor (CstF-64) increases 5-fold during the G₀ to S phase transition and concomitant proliferation induced by serum in 3T6 fibroblasts. Higher levels of CstF-64 result in an increase in CstF trimer. The rise in CstF-64 occurs at a time when the amount of poly(A)-containing RNA rose at least 5–8 fold in the cytoplasm. Primary human splenic B cells, resting in G₀, show a similar 5-fold increase in CstF-64 when cultured under conditions inducing proliferation (CD40 ligand exposure). Therefore, the increase in CstF-64 is associated with the G₀ to S phase transition. As B cell development progresses, RNA processing changes occur at the Ig heavy chain locus resulting in a switch from the membrane- to the upstream secretory-specific poly(A) site. Treating resting B cells with agents triggering this switch in Ig mRNA production along with proliferation (CD40 ligand plus lymphokines or Stapylococcus aureus protein A) induces no further increase in CstF-64 above that seen for proliferation alone. The rise in CstF-64 is therefore insufficient to induce secretion. After stimulation of a continuously growing B cell line with lymphokines, a switch to Ig μ secretory mRNA and protein occurs but without a change in the CstF-64 level. Therefore, an increase in CstF-64 levels is not necessary to mediate the differentiation-induced switch to secreted forms of Ig-μ heavy chain. Because augmentation of CstF-64 levels is neither necessary nor sufficient for Ig secretory mRNA production, we conclude that other lymphokine-induced factors play a role.     

Learning: Neural analysis in the isolated brain of a previously trained mollusc,Pleurobranchaea californica

The neural manifestations of food avoidance learning in the mollusc, Pleurobranchaea, survive the surgical reduction of the preparation to the nearly isolated brain. These manifestations include increased synaptic inhibition and reduced synaptic excitation of the phasic paracerebral feeding command interneurons (PCps) in the brain in response to food stimulation of chemosensory structures left attached to the brain. The same changes are not evident, however, in brains removed from naive, control or satiated specimens. Therefore the nearly isolated brain preparation permits analysis of the cellular substrates of learning in relative isolation from non-associative motivational variables. The isolated brain preparation is here used to show that the increased synaptic inhibition consequent to associative training is distributed not only to the PCps but also to their identified central presynaptic inputs, including other identified feeding command interneurons (PSEs and ETIIs; ref. 21). The decrease in PCp excitation is explained in part by a training-induced inhibition of excitatory inputs to the PCps, and in part by a training-induced reduction in the efficacy of an identified polysynaptic excitatory pathway presynaptic to the PCps.