白藜芦醇对紫外线诱导人晶状体上皮细胞氧化损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨白藜芦醇对紫外线诱导人晶状体上皮细胞氧化损伤的保护作用。方法:人晶状体上皮细胞系传代培养,紫外线诱导细胞发生凋亡,20μmol/L白藜芦醇预处理细胞后,观察各项指标改变:流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,比色法检测凋亡相关因子caspase-3及caspase-9的表达,透射电镜观察超微结构变化。结果:流式细胞仪检测发现,白藜芦醇可以抑制紫外线照射诱导的细胞凋亡,阳性对照组中caspase-3及caspase-9含量显著高于同时段阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);实验组中caspase-3及caspase-9含量均低于同时段阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,伴随白藜芦醇作用时间的延长,透射电镜下人晶状体上皮细胞损伤的程度减轻。结论:白藜芦醇可以抑制紫外线诱导的晶状体上皮细胞的凋亡,对辐射性白内障具有预防作用,从而为寻求有效的防治白内障药物提供可靠的实验依据。     

原发性急性闭角型青光眼小梁切除术前后眼前节超声生物显微镜测量比较

目的通过超声生物显微镜（UBM）眼前节测量了解急性闭角型青光眼行小梁切除术后眼前节组织空间结构变化。方法对20例（21只眼）急性闭角型青光眼患者,术前及术后3个月行UBM测量中央前房深度、房角开放距离、小梁网睫状突距离、虹膜厚度、虹膜晶状体接触距离。结果术前与术后比较,中央前房深度、小梁网睫状突距离、虹膜厚度无统计学差异（P〉0．05）,房角开放距离、虹膜晶状体接触距离差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论急性闭角型青光眼患者行小梁切除术后,房角开放距离增加,瞳孔阻滞缓解,但睫状突前位没有改变。UBM是一种客观的、有效的随访工具。     

P97抵抗高糖培养的人视网膜血管内皮细胞增殖

目的:研究含缬酪肽蛋白(valosin-containing protein,P97)对高糖培养的人视网膜血管内皮细胞的作用。方法:体外高糖培养人视网膜血管内皮细胞(HRCECs),转染P97的RNA干扰质粒到HRCECs,抑制P97的表达,观察血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的mRNA水平变化,同时观察HRCECs增殖的变化。结果:RNA干扰P97组和对照组的VEGF/actin分别为:0.21±0.03和0.10±0.01,两组差异有显著性(P<0.05),RNA干扰P97组和对照组,HRCECs在G1期细胞分别为44.05%±3.62%、25.21%±3.20%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论:当P97表达受抑制后,VEGF的表达增高,HRCECs的增殖增强,这些变化可能与DR的发生发展相关。     

青光眼阀植入物治疗难治性青光眼

目的观察Ahmed青光眼引流植入物治疗难治性青光眼的疗效.方法采用Ahmed青光眼引流植入物,共治疗28例(29只眼)难治性青光眼,其中新生血管性青光眼10例(10只眼),青少年型青光眼5例(6只眼),其它青光眼13例(13只眼).结果术后随访3～12个月,新生血管性青光眼的眼压由术前40.9±7.32 mmHg降至20.63±2.75 mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa);人工晶体联合玻璃体手术后青光眼的眼压由术前41±5.66mmHg降至术后18.00±2.12 mmHg;青少年型青光眼的眼压由术前33.65±5.28 mmHg降至术后16.45±1.48 mmHg;常规滤过性手术失败的青光眼的眼压由术前31.43±4.13 mmHg降至18.13±1.25 mmHg.术后常见并发症有浅前房、前房积血、前葡萄膜炎等.结论Ahmed青光眼引流植入物是治疗难治性青光眼的一种较为有效的降眼压方法.眼科学报2000;16259～261.     

小梁切除术联合可松解缝线以及抗代谢药物治疗原发性闭角型青光眼的疗效

目的 探讨小梁切除术联合可松解缝线及抗代谢药物对原发性闭角型青光眼（PACG）的疗效.方法 对小梁切除术联合可松解缝线及抗代谢药物的PACG 146例（180眼）进行回顾性研究,分析术后眼压控制情况、滤过泡形态及并发症.结果 所有180眼中,152眼（84.4％）不用降眼压药物情况下眼压在10～21 mmHg：26眼（14.4％）加用局部降眼压药物,眼压控制在10～21 mm-Hg：2眼（1.1％）眼压失控,分别于术后3个月和5个月行睫状体冷凝治疗.未出现浅前房、低眼压或滤过泡相关并发症.结论 小梁切除术联合可松解缝线及抗代谢药物治疗PACG能较好控制术后眼压并避免术后早期浅前房、低眼压等并发症,减少滤过道瘢痕化的发生.     

[In Press] Comparison of visual performance recovery after thin-flap LASIK with 4 femtosecond lasers

AIM: To compare the speed of visual recovery following myopic thin-flap laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) with four femtosecond lasers. METHODS: Eighty-eight eyes of 46 patients who were consecutively scheduled for bilateral LASIK with the IntraLase FS60 (Group 1), Femto LDV Crystal Line (Group 2), Wavelight FS200 (Group 3) and VisuMax (Group 4) femtosecond lasers were enrolled in. Monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best-corrected distant visual acuity (CDVA), refraction, contrast sensitivity and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were evaluated at 1d, 3d, 1wk and 1mo postoperatively. RESULTS: Seventy-two point seven percent of eyes achieved 20/16 and 36.4% of eyes were 20/12.5 at 1d in Group 2, which was significantly more than other 3 groups. At 1wk, 90.9% of eyes achieved 20/16 in Group 2 and 4. At 1mo, 90.9% and 92.5% of eyes achieved 20/16 in Group 2 and Group 4, which is significantly more than other two groups. While by 1mo, the difference of the residual SE was not statistically significant among 4 groups (P=0.121). The induction of spherical aberration (SA) were significantly less for Group 2, 3, 4 than for Group 1 one day surgery(P=0.015). The differences among 4 groups were not statistically significant before and after surgery on every time points (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The thin-flap LASIK procedure using the Femto LDV Crystal Line and VisuMax femtosecond laser showed faster visual performance recovery.     

准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术治疗近视的临床分析

目的：评价准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）治疗不同程度近视的疗效。方法：应用SchwindKeratomF准分子激光机对1995眼不同程度近视（－0．75～15．50D）行PRK治疗。按屈光度分三组：组Ⅰ≤－6．00D,873眼;组Ⅱ－6.25D—－10．00D,774眼;组Ⅲ＞－10．00D,348眼。术后12个月,对三组术后的视力、屈光度及Haze进行随访比较。结果：术后12个月Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组裸眼视力≥0．5者分别为986%,94．2％和60.04％;≥1.0者分别为85．5％,71.3％和25.9％;屈光度在±1．00D以内分别为90．5％,68．8％和29．3％。角膜雾状混浊（Haze）≥2级者分别为0.8％,11．5％和13．7％。结论：PRK治疗中低度近视疗效较好,对高度和超高度近视由于术后Haze和屈光度回退发生率增高,疗效受到明显影响,有待进一步完善手术方法和术后用药等问题。     

泪点栓子对干眼病患者泪膜功能的影响

目的 评价一种新型泪点栓子对干眼病患者泪膜功能的影响.方法 采用美国产新型泪点栓子治疗62例(123只眼)确诊为干眼病的患者,询问治疗前后患者的主观症状、检查治疗前后的泪膜破裂时间、荧光素染色情况和泪液分泌量的变化.结果 泪点栓子治疗后干眼病患者主观症状明显减轻;治疗后泪膜破裂时间延长,与治疗前比较差异具有显著意义;治疗前和治疗后角膜上皮点状荧光素染色差异具有显著意义(P<0.05);泪液分泌量有所增加.结论 该新型泪点栓子用于治疗干眼病能限制泪液流出,重建泪液平衡,改善泪膜的稳定性,是一种有效的、可逆的治疗干眼病的方法.     

中国近视患者的角膜厚度与屈光度关系的研究

目的　了解我国近视眼患者角膜厚度 ,及其与屈光度的相互关系 ,并给出由屈光度预测角膜厚度的回归方程 ,为准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术 (LASIK)手术设计提供参考依据。方法　应用OrbscanⅡ眼前节系统对 45 9例近视眼患者角膜厚度进行检测 ,包括角膜中央直径为 2mm及角膜中周部上方、颞上、颞侧、颞下、下方、鼻下、鼻侧、鼻上、上方 9个直径为 2mm的测量区 (距视轴3mm)的平均角膜厚度 ;屈光度由 -0 5D至 -2 3 5D不等 ;并对各方位角膜厚度与屈光度作直线相关 ,如有相关性则进行回归分析。结果　中国近视眼患者角膜厚度以中央区最薄 ,鼻上方最厚 ,近视眼患者角膜最薄点多位于颞下方 ( 5 2 72 % ) ;颞下及颞侧角膜厚度与屈光度呈线性负相关 (相关系数r分别为 -0 117、 -0 10 7,P <0 0 5 0 ) ;其它部位与屈光度无相关关系 ;角膜厚度彩色地形图中均为圆形最多 ,依次为椭圆形、偏心圆形、偏心椭圆形。结论　中国近视眼患者角膜厚度的改变多位于颞下及颞侧 ,且角膜厚度随近视度数增加有变薄倾向 ;而最薄点、中央区、颞上、鼻下、鼻侧、鼻上、上方、下方角膜厚度与近视度数增加无关 ;OrbscanⅡ眼前节系统能了解角膜厚度分布情况 ,在角膜屈光手术中具有广泛应用前景     

Combinational treatment of 5‐fluorouracil and casticin induces apoptosis in mouse leukemia WEHI‐3 cells in vitro

Leukemia is one of the major diseases causing cancer‐related deaths in the young population, and its cure rate is unsatisfying with side effects on patients. Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is currently used as an anticancer drug for leukemia patients. Casticin, a natural polymethoxyflavone, exerts anticancer activity against many human cancer cell lines in vitro, but no other reports show 5‐FU combined with casticin increased the mouse leukemia cell apoptosis in vitro. Herein, the antileukemia activity of 5‐FU combined with casticin in WEHI‐3 mouse leukemia cells was investigated in vitro. Treatment of two‐drug combination had a higher decrease in cell viability and a higher increase in apoptotic cell death, the level of DNA condensation, and the length of comet tail than that of 5‐FU or casticin treatment alone in WEHI‐3 cells. In addition, the two‐drug combination has a greater production rate of reactive oxygen species but a lower level of Ca²⁺ release and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ_m) than that of 5‐FU alone. Combined drugs also induced higher caspase‐3 and caspase‐8 activities than that of casticin alone and higher caspase‐9 activity than that of 5‐FU or casticin alone at 48 hours treatment. Furthermore, 5‐FU combined with casticin has a higher expression of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD [Cu/Zn]) and lower catalase than that of 5‐FU or casticin treatment alone. The combined treatment has higher levels of Bax, Endo G, and cytochrome C of proapoptotic proteins than that of casticin alone and induced lower levels of B‐cell lymphoma 2 (BCL‐2) and BCL‐X of antiapoptotic proteins than that of 5‐FU or casticin only. Furthermore, the combined treatment had a higher expression of cleaved poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) than that of casticin only. Based on these findings, we may suggest that 5‐FU combined with casticin treatment increased apoptotic cell death in WEHI‐3 mouse leukemia cells that may undergo mitochondria and caspases signaling pathways in vitro.