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11.
Does flavoured dentifrice increase fluoride intake compared with regular toothpaste in children? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
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Thiago Isidro Vieira Adrielle Mangabeira Adílis Kalina Alexandria Daniele Masterson T. P. Ferreira Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo Ana Maria Gondim Valença Lucianne Cople Maia 《International journal of paediatric dentistry / the British Paedodontic Society [and] the International Association of Dentistry for Children》2018,28(3):279-290
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G Honscha A Von Groll M Valen?a D F Ramos K Sanchotene C J Scaini M O Ribeiro P E A da Silva 《The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease》2008,12(2):218-220
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis, clinical samples underwent culture, species identification and drug susceptibility testing (DST). METHODS: A total of 554 samples from 269 patients were tested for smear microscopy using Kinyoun stain. Culture was performed in Ogawa-Kudoh medium and species identification was performed using the IS6110 amplified region. DST for rifampicin, isoniazid (INH) and streptomycin were carried out using the Resazurin assay. RESULTS: Cultures augmented the number of cases diagnosed by 22.1%, IS6110 amplification identified all Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains thus isolated and DST detected three strains resistant to INH and one multidrug-resistant strain. CONCLUSION: Simultaneous use of different techniques enhanced culture yield, species identification and detection of drug resistance even in a laboratory with limited facilities. 相似文献
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Sharon Wiener-Ogilvie Hilary Pinnock Guro Huby Aziz Sheikh Martyn R Partridge John Gillies 《Primary care respiratory journal》2007,16(6):369-377
AIMS: Amongst general practices in the NHS Borders region of Scotland, we aimed to determine compliance with the three key recommendations of the British Guideline for the Management of Asthma and to understand the nature of barriers and facilitators to their implementation. METHODS: Using piloted audit tools, a researcher extracted data from computerised and/or paper patient medical records to assess compliance with recommendations for objective diagnosis and stepwise management. Provision of asthma action plans was assessed by patient survey. Clinicians' attitude to guidelines was assessed by postal survey. RESULTS: Fifteen of the 24 practices in the NHS Borders region participated. Audited compliance with the three key recommendations varied markedly amongst and within practices. Whilst 367/547 (67%) of patients were treated appropriately with add-on therapy, only 58/254 (23%) of patients reported having been given an asthma action plan. Barriers to implementation identified by the clinicians' survey (response rate 64/84 - 76%) were theoretical (doubt about the evidence base and relevance to primary care, lack of knowledge and skills, misconceptions) as well as practical (lack of time and resources) and were exacerbated by poor teamwork. Facilitators were good teamwork and appropriate organisation of work within the practice. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of key recommendations was variable, particularly in the more complex intervention of issuing asthma action plans. An intervention to enhance compliance with these guideline recommendations will need to address both theoretical and practical barriers within the context of improved teamwork. 相似文献
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Vasileios Kapralos Håkon Valen Rukke Dag Ørstavik Andreas Koutroulis Josette Camilleri Pia Titterud Sunde 《Dental materials》2021,37(2):249-263
ObjectivesAssess the antibacterial, physical and chemical properties of AH Plus, BioRoot RCS and Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS) in contact with 2% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) used as final irrigant prior to root canal obturation.MethodsThe antimicrobial properties were investigated by direct contact tests for planktonic and biofilm growth of E. faecalis, S. mutans, S.epidermidis and S.aureus in vitro. The setting time, wettability, microhardness and surface roughness were also assessed. The sealers were studied in no contact, 1-minute (short-term) and continuous contact (long-term) with CHX. Chemical characterization of sealers was performed by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy after CHX or saline used as the last irrigant in an ex vivo tooth model and in endo training blocks.ResultsCHX increased the antibacterial activity of all the sealers investigated against planktonic bacteria and biofilms with PCS exerting the highest antimicrobial activity with and without the presence of CHX. The setting of AH Plus and BioRoot RCS was retarded, while for PCS accelerated in the presence of CHX. AH Plus and PCS were more hydrophilic after contact with CHX, whilst BioRoot RCS was hydrophobic in a time-dependent manner. The microhardness of sealers was compromised and the surface roughness increased after CHX exposure for AH Plus and BioRoot RCS, and decreased for PCS. CHX did not affect the sealers’ chemistry, but PCS that exhibited two extra phases.SignificanceCHX improved the antibacterial efficacy of endodontic sealers but further evidence is needed to confirm its suitability as a final irrigant prior to root canal obturation. 相似文献
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A. Hasajová A. Valenčáková B. Malčeková O. Danišová M. Halán M. Goldová B. Sak D. Květoňová M. Kváč M. Halánová 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》2014,33(8):1401-1406
Cryptosporidiosis is considered to be a widespread world zoonosis. The occurrence of Cryptosporidium species was investigated in Roma children in a district of Eastern Slovakia and, at the same time, also in children of non-Roma parents. In total, 103 children (54 boys and 49 girls) between 0 and 14 years of age were involved in this study. Fifty-three were Roma children and 50 children represented a non-Roma control group. Fecal samples were examined: immunologically [enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test to prove antigen in the feces] and by molecular analysis [nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR)]. After the sequencing of the PCR, the products were identified as species of Cryptosporidium muris. Based on the results, the relative risk (RR) of the Cryptosporidium infection occurrence was calculated and we came to the conclusion that the risk of Cryptosporidium infection was almost 12 times higher in the Roma children compared to the non-Roma children. 相似文献
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