Evaluation of intestinal morphology and nitric oxide metabolites in broiler chickens supplemented by green tea

To determine the effect of green tea on the intestinal morphology and nitric oxide production, broiler chicks were reared since they were a day old and supplemented by 2% and 4% green tea for 4 weeks. Serum amounts of NO metabolites in the green-tea-supplemented groups were lower than controls but were only significant (P < 0.05) in 4% green tea-supplemented group. The duodenum villous length and surface area were significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the group supplemented by 4% green tea than control. It was observed significant (P < 0.05) decreasing of lamina propria and increasing of muscle layer thickness at the duodenum villous in the green tea-supplemented groups. The jejunum villous length and surface area significantly (P < 0.05) increased in green-tea-supplemented groups compared with control group. In conclusion, green tea supplementation reduces NO metabolites (as free radical) and increases most of the intestinal architecture in the growing broiler chickens.     

失效模式和影响分析在医院制剂复方硼砂溶液偏差事件中的应用

目的 探讨风险管理技术——失效模式和影响分析(FMEA)方法在分析和干预医院制剂配制过程中发生的偏差事件的可行性.方法 运用FMEA系统地分析导致医院制剂复方硼砂溶液中微生物限度超标偏差事件的可能因素,并对此拟出对策依据.结果 通过FMEA方法采取相应风险降低措施,复方硼砂溶液配制过程中发生的偏差得到有效控制.结论 FMEA方法适用于分析和干预制剂配制过程中发生的偏差事件.     

Enteroendocrine K Cells Exert Complementary Effects to Control Bone Quality and Mass in Mice

The involvement of a gut-bone axis in controlling bone physiology has been long suspected, although the exact mechanisms are unclear. We explored whether glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)-producing enteroendocrine K cells were involved in this process. The bone phenotype of transgenic mouse models lacking GIP secretion (GIP-GFP-KI) or enteroendocrine K cells (GIP-DT) was investigated. Mice deficient in GIP secretion exhibited lower bone strength, trabecular bone mass, trabecular number, and cortical thickness, notably due to higher bone resorption. Alterations of microstructure, modifications of bone compositional parameters, represented by lower collagen cross-linking, were also apparent. None of these alterations were observed in GIP-DT mice lacking enteroendocrine K cells, suggesting that another K-cell secretory product acts to counteract GIP action. To assess this, stable analogues of the known K-cell peptide hormones, xenin and GIP, were administered to mature NIH Swiss male mice. Both were capable of modulating bone strength mostly by altering bone microstructure, bone gene expression, and bone compositional parameters. However, the two molecules exhibited opposite actions on bone physiology, with evidence that xenin effects are mediated indirectly, possibly via neural networks. Our data highlight a previously unknown interaction between GIP and xenin, which both moderate gut-bone connectivity. © 2020 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.     

Non-invasive real-time assessment of hepatic macrovesicular steatosis in liver donors:Hypothesis,design and proof-of-concept study

Macrovesicular Steatosis(MS) is an independent risk factor for adverse post-liver transplant(LT) outcomes. The degree of MS is intimately related to the viability of the liver graft, which in turn is crucial to the success of the operation. An ideal liver graft should have no MS and most centres would find it unacceptable to use a donor liver with severe MS for LT. While a formal liver biopsy is the goldstandard diagnostic test for MS, given the logistical and time constraints it is not universally feasible. Other tests like a frozen section biopsy are plagued by issues of fallibility with reporting and sampling bias making them inferior to a liver biopsy. Hence, the development of an accurate, non-invasive, easy-to-use,handheld, real-time device for quantification of MS would fill this lacuna in the deceased donor selection process. We present the hypothesis, design and proof-ofconcept of a study, which aims to standardise and determine the feasibility and accuracy of a novel handheld device applying the principle of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy for real-time quantification of MS.     

Coexistent mitral valve disease with left-to-right shunt at the atrial level: clinical profile, hemodynamics, and surgical considerations in 67 consecutive patients

Between January, 1963, and June, 1985, 67 patients underwent corrective surgery for this complex anomaly. Symptoms and signs of atrial septal defect were dominant in the majority of subjects. History of rheumatic fever (46%), paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (33%), presence of an opening snap, mitral diastolic murmur, or pansystolic murmur provided clinical clues to document associated mitral valve disease. Open mitral valvotomy was accomplished in 39 subjects, while in the remainder (28 subjects) the valve required replacement. Partial anomalous venous connection was encountered in 12 subjects. Recognition and attention to the associated tricuspid incompetence is a high priority, and 21 subjects underwent concomitant annuloplasty. The overall hospital mortality was 13.4%, with no deaths in the last 22 consecutive patients. The period of follow-up ranged from 1 year to 22 years, with a mean +/- SD of 9.34 +/- 6.61 years. We believe, with other authors, that since the hemodynamic and therapeutic considerations are very similar, both the stenotic and regurgitant lesions should be included in the same syndrome.     

Severe nosocomial pneumonia – emphasis on nebulized tobramycin

ObjectiveTo estimate the efficacy and safety of nebulized tobramycin (NT) as an adjunct to systemic antibiotics in the treatment of severe nosocomial pneumonia (NP).Methods25 mechanically ventilated patients (out of 150 screened) were enrolled in the current observational single-center study. They were randomized to receive either NT (300 mg, BID; group 1, n=15) as an adjunct to systemic antibiotics or for a correction of the regimen of systemic antibiotics (group 2, n=10). The primary outcome measure was resolution of NP and acute respiratory insufficiency. The CPIS, signs of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and oxygenation index were used as objective indicators of the clinical progress.ResultsThe following signs of NT efficacy were detected in 87% of group 1 patients: a decrease of SIRS and CPIS scores within (2.3±1.2) d of NT therapy (P<0.05); decrease of microbes titer to 10³–10⁴ CFU/mL (P<0.05); increase of microbes sensitivity to systemic antibiotics in 40% of patients; positive X-ray dynamics in 60% of patients within (9.0±2.5) d of NT therapy. No serious side effects of NT were observed.ConclusionsAdministration of NT as an adjunct to systemic antibiotics is efficient and safe in 87% of patients with severe NP caused by multiresistant gram-negative bacteria.     

Prenatal express-diagnosis by the method of QF-PCR and automatic microelectroforesis with microarrays

The modern molecular-genetic methods have been implementing actively into the medical practiee.They improve diagnostic accuracy,help to prognosticate the course of oncological diseases,optimize the res...     

Extrinsic Compression of the Left Coronary Ostium by the Pulmonary Trunk: Management in a Case of Eisenmenger Syndrome

Extrinsic compression of the left main coronary artery by a massively dilated pulmonary artery in patients who have severe pulmonary hypertension can lead to significant myocardial ischemia. A 58-year-old man with a large patent ductus arteriosus and Eisenmenger syndrome presented with angina at rest and worsening heart failure of 3 months'' duration. The new symptoms were recognized to be secondary to extrinsic compression of the left main coronary artery ostium by a dilated main pulmonary artery and were successfully relieved by the placement of a metallic stent in the affected segment of the left main coronary artery. Multislice computed tomographic imaging after 6 months showed stent patency and the intimate relation of the stented vessel to the dilated main pulmonary trunk. We discuss diagnostic and management issues pertaining to this uncommon clinical entity.Key words: Angina pectoris/etiology, angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary, constriction, patho-logic/etiology, coronary stenosis/etiology, dilatation, pathologic/complications, ductus arteriosus, patent, Eisenmenger complex/ complications, hypertension, pulmonary/complications, stents, tomography, X-ray computedA pulmonary trunk dilated by severe pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) can compress the aortic ostium of the left main coronary artery (LMCA).¹ If the primary disease process causing PAH cannot be reversed, progressive coronary narrowing can lead to left ventricular myocardial dysfunction, angina, and worsening of heart failure.² We report the case of a 58-year-old patient with a large patent ductus arteriosus and Eisenmenger syndrome who presented with angina at rest and worsening of heart failure due to left ventricular dysfunction. Coronary angiography showed extrinsic compression of the LMCA, at its origin, by a dilated pulmonary trunk. Stenting of the LMCA resulted in immediate relief of angina and led to symptomatic improvement.