RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

目的 评价SiSo细胞表达的受体结合癌抗原(RCAS1)在胰腺癌诊断中的作用.方法 应用酶联免疫吸附分析法检测46例胰腺癌患者、18例慢性胰腺炎患者和20名健康人血清中RCAS1、CA19-9和CA242的含量.用ROC曲线法对检测结果进行分析.应用免疫组织化学染色法对32例胰腺癌、10例慢性胰腺炎以及6例正常胰腺组织切片进行染色,观察RCAS1在胰腺癌和正常胰腺组织中的表达情况.同时对结果进行统计学分析.结果 3种肿瘤标志物的水在胰腺癌组均高于慢性胰腺炎组和正常对照组,且差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).运用ROC曲线法对3种肿瘤标志物的检测结果进行处理.RCAS1、CA19-9和CA242的曲线下面积分别为0.826、0.804和0.737.分层分析表明,RCAS1和CA19-9在有梗阻性黄疸组高于无梗阻性黄疸组(P＜0.01),CA19-9在手术无法切除组高于手术可切除组(P＜0.01).胰腺癌组织中RCAS1表达的阳性率为87.5%,慢性胰腺炎组织为40.0%,两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 RCAS1在胰腺癌组织中高表达,作为血清肿瘤标志物对胰腺癌的综合诊断能力优于CA19-9和CA242,若同时联合检测CA19-9,则对提高胰腺癌早期诊断和术前可切除性评估准确率有一定的临床价值.     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

Objective To evaluate the effect of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSO cells(RCASI) as serum tumor marker on the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve methods were used to assay the serum content of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in 46 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients and 20 normal tissues of chronic pancreatitis detected by enzymelinkod immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were analyzed by statistics methods. The expressions of RCAS1 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemical method in 32 patients with pancreatic cancer, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 cases of normal pancreatic specimens. Results The serum levels of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in pancreatic cancer were higher than that in chronic pancreatitis respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The area under curve of RCAS1, CA19-9 and CA242 were 0.826, 0.804 and 0.737 ,respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RCAS1 and CA19-9 levels of pancreatic cancer patients without obstructive jaundice were lower than those for patients with obstructive jaundice (P＜0.01). CA19-9 levels of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were lower than those with unresectable pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rates of RCAS1 in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis were 87.5% and 40.0% ,respectively (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions In diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the clinical value of RCAS1 is available. And the combination test of RCAS1 and CA19-9 have clinical value to evaluate if the pancreatic cancer can be resected before operation.     

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治疗效果同治疗方式及理念的规范化密切相关,治疗的规范化带来了治疗效果和预后的改善。从全直肠系膜切除(TME)的理念提出和广泛应用,到肿瘤相关系膜切除(TSME)概念对TME进行完善和补充,直到近年完整结肠系膜切除(CME)理念的提出,胃肠外科医师对规范结直肠癌外科治疗的努力从未停止过。     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

Objective To evaluate the effect of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSO cells(RCASI) as serum tumor marker on the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve methods were used to assay the serum content of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in 46 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients and 20 normal tissues of chronic pancreatitis detected by enzymelinkod immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were analyzed by statistics methods. The expressions of RCAS1 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemical method in 32 patients with pancreatic cancer, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 cases of normal pancreatic specimens. Results The serum levels of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in pancreatic cancer were higher than that in chronic pancreatitis respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The area under curve of RCAS1, CA19-9 and CA242 were 0.826, 0.804 and 0.737 ,respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RCAS1 and CA19-9 levels of pancreatic cancer patients without obstructive jaundice were lower than those for patients with obstructive jaundice (P＜0.01). CA19-9 levels of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were lower than those with unresectable pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rates of RCAS1 in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis were 87.5% and 40.0% ,respectively (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions In diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the clinical value of RCAS1 is available. And the combination test of RCAS1 and CA19-9 have clinical value to evaluate if the pancreatic cancer can be resected before operation.     

内脏脂肪组织与结直肠癌发病风险及预后关系研究进展

内脏脂肪组织比皮下脂肪组织有更高的代谢活性，促进胰岛素抵抗和分泌促炎细胞因子，可视为一个内分泌和旁分泌器官。大量的内脏脂肪组织阻挡手术视野，促进胰岛素抵抗和炎症通路，直接或间接影响结直肠癌的发生风险、术后并发症发生率、生存时间以及辅助治疗疗效。外科医生通过健康体检和术前检查评估内脏脂肪组织数量，有助于向病人提供更适合的预防建议、手术规划以及预后预测。     

RCAS1在胰腺癌诊断中的作用

Objective To evaluate the effect of receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSO cells(RCASI) as serum tumor marker on the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods Receiver-operating characteristics(ROC) curve methods were used to assay the serum content of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in 46 patients with pancreatic cancer, 18 patients and 20 normal tissues of chronic pancreatitis detected by enzymelinkod immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the results were analyzed by statistics methods. The expressions of RCAS1 protein were analyzed by immunohistochemical method in 32 patients with pancreatic cancer, 10 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 6 cases of normal pancreatic specimens. Results The serum levels of RCAS1 ,CA19-9 and CA242 in pancreatic cancer were higher than that in chronic pancreatitis respectively (P ＜ 0.01). The area under curve of RCAS1, CA19-9 and CA242 were 0.826, 0.804 and 0.737 ,respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated that the RCAS1 and CA19-9 levels of pancreatic cancer patients without obstructive jaundice were lower than those for patients with obstructive jaundice (P＜0.01). CA19-9 levels of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer were lower than those with unresectable pancreatic cancer(P ＜ 0.01). Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression rates of RCAS1 in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis were 87.5% and 40.0% ,respectively (P ＜0. 05). Conclusions In diagnosis of pancreatic cancer,the clinical value of RCAS1 is available. And the combination test of RCAS1 and CA19-9 have clinical value to evaluate if the pancreatic cancer can be resected before operation.     

自膨式金属支架用于结肠癌并急性完全肠梗阻治疗回顾性对照研究

目的 探讨自膨式金属支架（SEMS）置入后限期手术治疗急性完全梗阻性结肠癌近期及远期效果。方法 回顾性分析2007年1月至2016年12月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院普通外科收治的128例结肠癌伴完全梗阻症状病人的临床资料。手术方式分为急诊手术（急诊组,76例）和SEMS置入后限期手术（支架组,52例）。对两组病人的手术安全性、肿瘤根治性、永久肠造口比例及存活率进行比较分析。结果 支架组与急诊组在手术入路方式、手术时间方面差异无统计学意义。与急诊组相比,支架组围手术期总并发症发生率（21.2% vs. 39.5%,P=0.029）较低,但Ⅲ、Ⅳ级并发症发生率（11.5% vs. 14.5%,P=0.631）和病死率（0 vs. 2.6%）差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;淋巴结清扫总数较多［（18.2±6.7）枚 vs. （16.0±9.9）枚,P=0.022］,淋巴结清扫数目≥12枚比例较高（86.5% vs. 55.3%,P=0.001）,永久造口率较低（23.1% vs. 59.2%,P<0.05）。3年总存活率（71.6% vs. 67.8%,P=0.215）和无病存活率（77.0% vs. 64.7%,P=0.703）两组间差异无统计学意义。 结论 SEMS置入后限期手术可以明显提高结肠癌并急性完全梗阻病人的围手术期安全性,减少永久造口,提高肿瘤根治率,同时未影响远期疗效。     

原发性结直肠神经鞘瘤研究进展

原发性神经鞘瘤是一种起源于自主神经系统罕见的间质性肿瘤,多来源于神经外胚层.原发性神经鞘瘤一般好发于头颈部及四肢,多为良性,而原发于结直肠者极为罕见.临床表现上该肿瘤与消化道间质瘤不易区分,术前难以明确诊断.目前其治疗方式主要为手术切除,不推荐进行淋巴结清扫及放化疗.原发性神经鞘瘤一般预后良好,但亦存在复发转移的风险[...     

结直肠癌外科临床研究进展及展望

进入21世纪以来，普通外科学发展迅速，理念不断更新，新技术不断涌现，这在结直肠癌治疗领域表现更加具有代表性和特色。尽管手术作为结直肠癌治疗的核心已经相当成熟，但外科领域开展随机对照研究难度很大，很多新的治疗方法和技术的优效性需要一个漫长的证明过程，而规范和科学的开展结直肠癌外科临床研究可能是解决这一问题的根本方法。总结目前结直肠外科的几个热点问题相关临床研究的新进展，结果可以看出，将最大限度地保留功能、获得更好的生活质量与延长生存时间更好的结合在一起是未来结直肠癌外科治疗的目标，而通过开展相应的临床研究，获得更多的循证医学证据，在此基础上让结直肠癌的外科治疗更加规范，是实现这一目标的必由之路。     

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直肠癌全系膜切除(TME)概念的提出和应用显著改善了直肠癌外科治疗效果,"概念带来的进步"得到了充分体现。借鉴直肠癌治疗的经验,以外科、解剖和胚胎学理论为基础,德国学者Hohenberger总结大量的临床证据提出了完整结肠系膜切除(CME)。CME概念的提出为结肠癌治疗效果进一步改善带来了希望,有望成为结肠癌根治性手术的质量控制标准。