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961.
962.
A heart under chronic stress undergoes cardiac remodelling, a process that comprises structural and functional changes including
cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, contractile dysfunction, cell death and ventricular dilatation. Reactive
oxygen species (ROS)-dependent modulation of intracellular signalling is implicated in the development of cardiac remodelling.
Among the different ROS sources that are present in the heart, NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are particularly important in redox signalling.
NOX isoforms are expressed in multiple cell types including cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells and inflammatory
cells—with the two main isoforms expressed in the heart being NOX2 and NOX4. Recent studies indicate that NOX-dependent signalling
is involved in the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis and post-MI remodelling. NOXs may also
be involved in the genesis of contractile dysfunction and myocyte apoptosis. Here, we review the main effects of NOXs in the
pathogenesis of cardiac remodelling and the redox-sensitive signalling pathways that underlie these effects. The elucidation
of mechanisms involved in NOX-dependent regulation of cardiac remodelling may lead to new therapeutic targets for heart failure. 相似文献
963.
M. Ravi Sekhar B. R. Patil B. Krishnamurthy C. Bhaskar Rao K. Gopalkrishna 《Journal of maxillofacial and oral surgery》2012,11(1):72-77
Aims
The present study was under taken to evaluate the efficacy of various local and regional soft tissue flaps used for reconstruction after excision of various malignant lesions of the mouth and also to evaluate complications with length of hospital stay after the reconstruction. 相似文献964.
965.
966.
Richard Kitz Ute Martens Egmont Zieseniß Paul Enck Markus A. Rose 《Central European Journal of Medicine》2012,7(3):362-365
Sinusitis is a frequent complication of respiratory tract infections. Probiotics are perceived to be useful in infections,
allergies, and inflammations. Our prospective trial stratified 204 children with recurrent rhinosinusitis by age (2–11 years,
54m:64f; 12–18 years, 39m:47f) and assigned them to standard treatment (antibiotics, anticongestants) or additional 60 days
Symbioflor-1 (SF1; Enterococcus faecalis 1.5–4.5x107 CFU). The number of sinusitis episodes was lower in SF1-treated patients (2.52±0.91) than among controls (3.27±1.36; p=0.01).
Mean duration of the first sinusitis episode was 11.9±8.6 days with SF1, whereas it was 16.1±12.9 days in the younger controls
(p=0.023) and 9.86±5.05 days in the elder controls (n.s.). Duration of subsequent sinusitis episodes was also shorter in SF1
patients (15.2±13.6 days) compared with controls (22.7±14.8 days; p=0.030). No adverse events were observed. Probiotic Enterococcus
faecalis adjuvant to conventional therapy can reduce the number and duration of rhinosinusitis episodes in children and adolescents. 相似文献
967.
Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is a metabolic skeletal pathology that frequently affects the orofacial region and presents with characteristic radiological manifestations. This paper reports a case of ROD causing diffused orofacial bone alterations in a female patient with end-stage chronic kidney disease. The radiological features on panoramic, posteroanterior and lateral skull and computed tomography radiographs are described for this case. Previous reports in the literature are reviewed and discussed with a focus on radiological characteristics and differential diagnoses. 相似文献
968.
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are relied upon for determining the standard of care and changes to the standard of care in oncology. Through data sharing, the pooled individual patient data (IPD) from these trials can provide high-quality sources and enriched power for analyses beyond the original goals of each trial. To address important scientific questions in early-stage colon cancer, the Adjuvant Colon Cancer End Points (ACCENT) Collaborative Group has continuously integrated IPD from large adjuvant colon cancer RCTs conducted worldwide. Through June 2016, IPD from over 40,000 patients from 27 major trials (1977 to 2009) have been assembled. Over the past 20 years, a variety of clinical questions have been investigated and addressed by ACCENT collaborations. Many of the findings have provided additional understanding of treatment mechanisms, suggested changes or reinforced quality patient care, and informed and improved the design for the current and next generation of RCTs. We review these significant contributions from the ACCENT collaboration. 相似文献
969.
Geir Bjørklund Nagwa A. Meguid Afaf El-Ansary Mona A. El-Bana Maryam Dadar Jan Aaseth Maha Hemimi Joško Osredkar Salvatore Chirumbolo 《Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN》2018,66(4):492-511
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder afflicting about one in every 68 children. It is behaviorally diagnosed based on a triad of symptoms, including impairment in communication, impairment in sociability and abnormal and stereotypic behavior. The subjectivity of behavioral diagnosis urges the need for clinical biomarker tests to improve and complement ASD diagnosis and treatment. Over the past two decades, researchers garnered a broad range of biomarkers associated with ASD and often correlating with the severity of ASD, which includes metabolic and genetic biomarkers or neuroimaging abnormalities. Metabolic biomarkers are either involved in key pathways such as a trans-sulfuration pathway or produced due to the derangement of these pathways in the case of oxidative stress. Recent studies reported several genetic abnormalities related to ASD, encompassing various mechanisms, from copy number variations (CNVs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to chromosomal anomalies. However, it is still premature to consider these genetic variants as true biomarkers for ASD, due to their low reproducibility and regional-specific nature. Herein, we comprehensively review state of the art about major biomarkers reported in ASD and the association of some biomarkers with ASD symptoms and severity. It is important to establish those biomarkers to be able to help in the diagnosis and to optimize the treatment of ASD. 相似文献
970.
Nicole A. Stadnick Anna S. Lau Miya Barnett Jennifer Regan Gregory A. Aarons Lauren Brookman-Frazee 《Administration and policy in mental health》2018,45(3):447-461
Agency leaders and therapists are essential stakeholders in implementation of evidence-based practices (EBPs) within publicly-funded mental health services. Little is known about how these stakeholders differ in their perceptions of specific EBPs and which individual and organizational factors differentially influence these perceptions. Within the context of a system-driven implementation of multiple EBPs, survey data from 160 leaders and 720 therapists were examined to assess differences in perceptions of six EBPs. Findings indicated that leaders and therapists have unique perspectives and preferences regarding EBPs that are shaped by distinct sociodemographic and professional characteristics and aspects of organizational functioning. 相似文献