单侧先天性小眼球CT表现（附41例分析）

目的探讨先天性小眼球的CT表现及眼眶容积变化。设计回顾性病例系列。研究对象41例先天性小眼球患者。方法分析41例先天性小眼球患者的影像检查资料。测量其中20例双侧眼眶容积。主要指标眼眶CT影像和双侧眼眶容积。结果41例先天性小眼球均为单侧。其中单纯性小眼球3例,CT表现为眼球前后径减小。缺损性小眼球14例,表现为眼球体积小,眼环局限性缺损,边界清楚的低密度影突出于眼球之外,以视乳头区视神经下方多见。并发性小眼球24例,表现为眼球体积小,玻璃体密度不均匀增高,晶状体缺如、钙化,视网膜脱离,其中伴永存原始玻璃体增生症3例,表现为晶状体后方与视盘之间带状或圆锥状软组织影。单纯性小眼球患侧与健侧平均容积为（11．58±4．77）ml、（13．25±4．45）ml（n=2）;缺损性小眼球患侧与健侧平均容积为（16．06±3．75）ml、（17．92±4．02）ml（n=5）;并发性小眼球患侧与健侧平均容积为（12．61±2．59）ml、（15．89±3．08）ml（n=13）（P均=0．000）.结论CT能够较清楚显示小眼球及伴发的眼部异常,有助于小眼球诊断、分类及治疗。（眼科,2009,18：131-134）     

复合手术技术治疗复杂颈动脉狭窄和闭塞性疾病简

目的分析复合手术技术在复杂颈动脉狭窄或闭塞性疾病中的应用,探讨其临床意义。方法回顾分析12例因颈动脉闭塞和颈动脉串联性病变施行复合手术患者之临床资料,初步分析手术安全性和有效性。结果8例颈动脉闭塞患者,7例实现血管再通;4例颈动脉串联性病变患者,均实现血管再通。术后无一例发生脑卒中或死亡。结论采用复合手术技术治疗颈动脉闭塞和串联性病变疗效安全可靠,值得在临床推荐开展。     

肌阵挛失神发作1例并文献复习

目的:探讨肌阵挛失神发作的临床症状学、神经电生理学特点及治疗效果.方法:报告1例肌阵挛失神发作的临床表现、脑电图、肌电图特点及治疗效果,并结合文献进行回顾性分析.结果:肌阵挛失神发作临床表现为失神伴双侧节律性肌阵挛,常伴发肢体的强直,脑电图表现为双侧、广泛、节律性3 Hz的棘慢复合波,肌电图则表现为与发作期放电频率一致的肌电暴发.此类患者对药物治疗反应较差,伴有强直发作的患者可行胼胝体切开术,该手术可有效减少强直发作导致的跌倒.结论:肌阵挛失神发作病程多样,大部分患者药物治疗反应差,伴有强直发作的患者可以考虑手术治疗.     

复合手术在颈动脉狭窄病变治疗中的初步应用

目的探讨颈动脉内膜切除术（CEA）联合其他术式（一站式复合手术）在治疗复杂性颈动脉狭窄病变中的临床意义。方法回顾性分析2010年3月-2013年10月因复杂缺血性颈动脉病变（包括颈动脉颅外段多处重度狭窄、单支颈动脉颅外段串联狭窄、支架内再狭窄、颈总动脉或颈内动脉完全闭塞）在首都医科大学宣武医院和山东省聊城市人民医院行一站式复合手术的10例患者的临床资料。复合手术方式分为3类,①病变侧CEA＋支架置入术;②颈动脉直视下支架置入术;③CEA＋透视下球囊导管取栓术。结果①2例接受CEA＋支架置入术的患者,术后影像学检查示闭塞或重度狭窄的血管管腔狭窄消失、血运恢复,头晕、肢体麻木、乏力、黑蒙等症状明显改善;②2例接受颈动脉直视下支架置入术的患者,术后影像学检查示狭窄的血管重新成形,血运良好,患者头痛、头晕等症状得以改善或未再加重;③6例接受CEA＋透视下球囊导管取栓术的患者,术后影像学检查示闭塞或重度狭窄的颈动脉开通、血运恢复,患者一侧肢体乏力、头晕、发作性头痛等症状得以缓解或未再加重。④随访患者6～24个月,影像学复查显示无再狭窄发生,再通血管血流通畅,颅内血供较术前明显改善。结论一站式复合手术可有效解除颈动脉分又过高或斑块远端过高、颈动脉串联样狭窄、颈内动脉合并颈总动脉狭窄、支架术后再狭窄等单一传统手术无法完成的复杂的狭窄性颈动脉病变。     

磁共振胰胆管成像对胆道梗阻性疾病定位与定性诊断的价值

目的：探讨磁共振胰胆管成像（MRCP）对胆道梗阻性疾患定位和定性诊断的价值。方法：对85例梗阻性黄疸病人的MRCP进行分析，并与CT、US、直接胆道造影和临床手术病理结果对照。结果：全部病例MRCP检查均一次成功，其中48例行直接胆道造影，与MRCP对照，二者所获图像极其相似。且对ERCP或PTC显示不完全的病例MRCP可补充有价值的诊断信息。MRCP对梗阻定位诊断准确率为100％。对梗阻定性诊断准确率为89．4％，结合MRI可提高至95．3％。结论：MRCP对梗阻性黄疸定位诊断与定性诊断准确率均高于CT及US。MRCP图像与直接胆道造影图像基本一致。方便易行无损伤，应列为胆道梗阻性疾病的术前常规检查方法。     

强力复方岩莲片药理作用的初步研究

我院内科用复方岩莲片治疗急,慢性支气管炎,该药有止咳、祛痰、平喘、清热解毒的作用,临床疗效达91.6%。我们进行的药理作用研究除证实了它上述作用外,还发现它具有中枢镇静作用,其祛痰作用是通过迷走神经来实现的。但对机体免疫功能无明显影响,现报告如下: (本实验中所用岩莲片,系强力复方岩莲片的简称。附院内科罗冬秀提供。所用制剂均为水浸泡制成的煎剂。本室煎制。)     

少女当防青春期月经病

少女当防青春期月经病文／燕飞青春期是少女一生中发育最快的时期，由于月经周期变化常会受到病症的困扰如受大脑皮层、中枢神经系统、丘脑下部、脑垂体、卵巢的控制和影响，加之月经期间盆腔明显充血，全身及生殖器官局部抵抗力降低，往往容易引起种种月经病。１精神病不...     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

脉络膜血管瘤的MRI表现及动态增强研究

Objective To characterize the regular and the dynamic contrast enhancement MR imaging in choroidal hemangioma.Methods MR imaging findings of 30 cases (31eyes, 32 lesions) with choroidal hemangioma confirmed by follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Among them, postcontrasted T1-weighted imaging was performed in 30 patients and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning was performed in 26 cases.MRI findings and the time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement were analyzed.Results Among the 32 choroidal hemangiomas, 26 of them were at the temporal side of optic disc and 28 lesions were fusiform.Before enhancement, 23 lesions showed isointense T1-weighted signal and 31 lesions were isointense on T2-weighted imaging.All the lesions showed strong enhancement on postcontrast T1-weighted imaging, including 31 homogenously enhanced lesions and one heterogeneously enhanced lesion.Retinal detachments were found in 18 eyes.Fill-in sign were observed in 12 lesions during dynamic contrast enhancement.The time-intensity curve of dynamic contrast enhancement in 28 lesions suggested a pattern with rapid enhancement and slow washout, time to peak (91.00±25.27) s, slope ratio 3.03±1.13, the median of washout ratio 17.06%, enhancement ratio 2.87±0.79.Conclusion MRI showed a few features of the location, shape, signal characteristics, and enhancement pattern in choroidal hemangioma, which may contribut to diagnosis and treatment plan of this disease.     

过表达GDF15对肺腺癌细胞A549增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响

目的:探究GDF15在体外对人肺腺癌细胞株A549生物学行为的影响,为肺癌防治提供新的靶点。方法:通过质粒转染的方法,构建GDF15过表达和neo空载体的A549细胞株,运用MTT法、平板克隆和Transwell的实验方法,观察过表达GDF15对A549细胞株生物学行为的影响。结果:成功构建GDF15过表达的A549-GDF15细胞株和neo空载体的A549-neo细胞株。与空载体细胞株相比,过表达GDF15能够抑制A549细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力。结论:GDF15在体外可抑制肺癌细胞的增殖及迁移。