中国汉族正常成人扣带回的高分辨率MRI测量

目的 建立中国汉族正常成人扣带回体积的正常值范围,探讨扣带回体积与年龄的相关关系,为中国成人数字标准脑提供基础性数据.方法 采用全国多中心临床研究形式,选取1000名中国健康成年志愿者,按年龄18～30、31～40、41～50、51～60、61～70岁分为A、B、C、D、E组,每组男、女各100名,行大脑3D磁化强度预备梯度回波序列T1WI,应用3D体积分析软件测量扣带回的体积.不同年龄组扣带回体积的比较采用方差分析,不同性别、侧别扣带回体积的比较采用配对样本t检验,扣带回体积与年龄进行相关与回归分析.结果 男、女扣带回总体积分别为(20 347±2504)、(19 432±2184)mm3,差异有统计学意义(方差不齐,采用两组独立样本t'检验,t'=6.156,P<0.05),男性扣带回总体积大于女性.男性左、右侧扣带回体积分别为(9630±1498)、(10 717±1629)mm3,女性分别为(9368±1441)、(10064±1407)mm3,男、女不同侧别扣带回体积比较差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为-12.960、-8.511,P值均<0.05),右侧扣带回体积均大于左侧.男性A、B、C、D、E组扣带回体积:左侧分别为(10 132±1291)、(10 113±1638)、(9599±1576)、(9594 ±1288)、(8710 ±1212)mm3,右侧分别为(11 212±1442)、(11 096±1602)、(11 040 ±1403)、(10 633±1638)、(9604 ±1522)mm3,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(F值分别为16.738、18.707,P值均<0.01).女性A、B、C、D、E组扣带回体积:左侧分别为(9689 ±1426)、(9652±1676)、(9347±1500)、(9098±1225)、(9053±1233)mm3,右侧分别为(10 558 ±1325)、(10 266 ±1463)、(10 100±1497)、(9779±1304)、(9617±1254)mm3,不同年龄组间差异有统计学意义(F值分别为16.859、7.528,P值均<0.01).男、女双侧扣带回体积与年龄均存在负相关(r值分别为-0.330、-0.324、-0.169、-0.243,P值均<0.05),但相关性不强.结论 基于高分辨率MR图像和3D体积分析软件可以准确测量扣带回的体积,为中国成人数字标准脑提供基础性数据,为可能引起扣带回体积改变的相关疾病诊断提供正常对照标准.     

中国汉族正常成人视束的高分辨率MRI测量

目的 研究中国汉族正常成人视束MRI形态特征,为建立中国标准脑提供视束形态学测量数据.方法 采用全国多中心临床研究形式,选取18～70岁健康中国成年志愿者共1000名,按照年龄18～30、31～40、41～50、51～60、61～70岁分为A、B、C、D、E组,每组男、女各100例.所有受试者均行3D磁化强度预备梯度回波序列T1WI采集容积数据,再采用多基线技术最佳化显示视束结构及形态,测量视束各径线:视束脑池段横径(TD1)、视束大脑脚周段横径(TD2)、视束起点池段到大脑脚周段长度(L)、视束夹角(AOT),以及视束从前到后5个断面上下径(H):视束起始点层面上下径(H1)、视束池-前联合层面上下径(H2)、视束乳头体层面上下径(H3)、视束室间孔层面上下径(H4)、视束近外侧膝状体节段上下径(H5).不同性别及年龄分组的视束测量值比较采用协方差分析,左、右视束侧别的比较采用配对样本t检验分析.结果 (1)男、女性别间视束径线比较:男性左、右侧L分别为(11.69±1.45)、(11.56±1.44)mm,女性左、右侧L分别为(10.58±1.29)、(10.40±1.34)mm,男性左、右侧H1分别为(2.56±0.28)、(2.60±0.29)mm,女性左、右侧H1分别为(2.57±0.31)、(2.63±0.32)mm,以上测量指标在性别间差异有统计学意义(F值分别为22.236、29.703、11.130、7.805,P值分别为0.000、0.000、0.000、0.005),男性L大于女性,男性H1小于女性;余测量径线性别差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);(2)年龄分组比较:左、右侧TD1、右侧TD2在5个年龄分组的值分别为:左TD1为(4.64±0.51)、(4.64±0.57)、(4.55±0.58)、(4.39±0.53)、(4.36±0.58)mm;右TD1为(4.84±0.53)、(4.80±0.60)、(4.77±0.65)、(4.60±0.59)、(4.57±0.59)mm;右TD2为(3.33±0.45)、(3.34±0.41)、(3.33±0.36)、(3.23±0.38)、(3.23±0.39)mm,在年龄分组间差异有统计学意义(F值分别为3.458、2.735、4.711,P值分别为0.008、0.028、0.001),且两两比较结果为50岁前后差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);左、右侧L在5个年龄分组的值分别为:左L为(11.09±1.37)、(10.99±1.58)、(10.96±1.43)、(11.15±1.53)、(11.50±1.40)mm;右L为(10.88±1.35)、(10.79±1.62)、(10.83±1.45)、(11.04±1.52)、(11.34±1.51)mm,在年龄分组间差异有统计学意义(F值分别为14.510、14.532,P值均为0.000),两两比较结果为60岁前后差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);左TD2及双侧H1～H5年龄分组差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);(3)视束测量径线的左、右侧别比较:左、右侧TD1分别为(4.52±0.57)、(4.72±0.60)mm,左、右侧H1分别为(2.56±0.30)、(2.61±0.30)mm,左、右侧H2分别为(2.66±0.30)、(2.70±0.30)mm,左、右侧L分别为(11.14±1.47)、(10.98±1.50)mm,以上测量指标侧别差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为12.460、-6.013、5.595、4.784,P值均为0.000),双侧TD2、H3、H4及H5侧别差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).结论 高分辨率MRI 3D数据重组能清晰显示视束形态,能准确测量视束各段径线.     

中国汉族正常成人海马体积的高分辨率MRI测量

Objective To measure the volume of hippoeampal formation(HPF) in healthy Chinese Han adults and provide database for researching on a variety of diseases associated with alteration of hippocampal structure. Methods This is a clinical multi-center study. One thousand Chinese healthy volunteers (age range = 18 to 70) recruited from 15 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i. e. , Group A (age range = 18 to 30), B (age range =31 to40), C (age range =41 to 50), D (age range=51 to 60),and E (age range =61 to 70). Each group contained 100 males and 100 females. All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T1 weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence. The margin of HPF were outlined manually for each side. Using multiple linear regression,relationships between hippocampal volume and sex, age, weight and height were analyzed respectively.Independent two sample t test was used to study the differences between male and female and between lcft and right. The differences of hippoeampal volume among age groups were analyzed by ANOVA. Results Hippocampal volume for left and right side were (4752 ± 659) and (5032 ± 660) mm3 respectively. The volume of HPF is significant correlated with gender and age, but without relevance to height and weight ( left and right r = 0. 283,0. 311, F = 30. 127,37. 050 ,P < 0. 01 ). The volumes of left and right hippocampus were (4897 ± 670), (5192 ± 667)mm3 respectively for men, and (4647 ± 624) and (4904 ± 630) mm3 for women. The right hippocampal volume was larger than the left ( t = 7. 030,6. 696, P < 0. 05 ). On both sides, men have larger hippocampus than that of women ( t = 6. 586,7. 326, P < 0. 01 ). The volumes of the left hippocampus among the five age groups in the male were (4981 ± 684), ( 5003 ± 609 ), (4976 ± 657 ),(4841 ± 631 ), (4631 ± 681 ) mm3 respectively, while the volumes of the right hippoeampus were (5340 ±647) ,(5276 ±582), (5264 ±620), (5133 ±661 ), (4894 ±699) mm3 respectively. Among age groups,the differences were statistically significant ( left and right F = 5. 737,7. 607, P < 0. 01 ). For male, there was significant difference of bilateral hippoeampus between the 18-30, 31-40, 41-50 years group and 61-70 years group ( P < 0. 05 ) and there was no significant difference among the other groups ( P > 0. 05 ).There was no significant difference of hippocampal among different groups in women (P > 0. 05 ).Conclusions With high-resolution MRI, the volume of the HPF was accurately measured, so as to provide the basic data for research of the hippocampus-related disease.     

中国汉族正常成人垂体的高分辨率MRI研究

Objective To study the morphological characteristics of pituitary glands in healthy adult of the Han nationality on the High-resolution MRI and provide morphological data of pituitary glands for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.Methods This is a clinical multi-center study.Nine hundred and seventy eight Chinese healthy volunteers (age range = 18 to 70) recruited from 16 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i.e., Group A ( age range = 18 to 30), B ( age range = 31 to 40), C ( age range = 41 to 50), D ( age range = 51 to 60 ), and E ( age range = 61 to 70).All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T, weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence.By Multiplan reconstruction with 3D software, the pituitary gland's volume, size, and inclination of pituitary stalk were measured and the differences between sexualities and among age groups were compared by analysis of variance using SPSS13.0; those among five age groups were compared pair-wised by Tukey analysis; and the differences between male and female were analyzed by independent t test, and the differences of measurements of typing of pituitary glands were analyzed by Chi-square analysis.Results( 1 ) Volume of pituitary glands: the mean volume of male and female among 5 age groups were ( 1142±290), (996±223), (979 ±178), (971 ±174), (930 ±189) and (1247 ±210), (1199 ±216),( 1108 ± 196), ( 1059 ± 212 ), (984 ± 177 ) mm3 respectively.There were significant differences among the age groups(F = 13.811,27.091 ,P <0.01), the volume tended to decrease after 30 years old in male and 40 years old in female.Female has bigger volume than man in the same age group (P < 0.05).There were statistically correlation between sexes, age, typing, heights in middle sagittal width in coronal MR and anteroposterior diameter in middle sagittal MR.(2) The size of pituitary giands:the mean heights on middle sagittal MR images of male and female among 5 age groups were(6.6±1.5), (6.0±1.4), (5.6±1.1 ),(5.0±1.2), (4.9±1.4)and (7.9±1.6), (6.4±2.0), (5.6±1.7), (5.1±1.7), (4.4±1.4)mm respectively.There were significant difference among the age groups ( F = 24.582,62.978, P < 0.01 ).Females demonstrated larger pituitary glands than men in the age from 18 to 30 year old groups ( P < 0.01 ).The pituitary height tended to decline after 30 years old, minimum after 50 years old group in male and 40 years old in female.The heights were statistically correlated with sexes and age.The mean width in coronal MR images of male and female among 5 age groups were( 14.8± 1.8), ( 14.7 ± 1.4), ( 14.2±1.9), (14.3 ±2.1), (13.8 ±2.4) and (14.9±1.8), (15.8±1.7), (15.5±2.1), (15.6±2.2),( 14.9±2.1 ) mm respectively.There were significant difference among the age groups( F = 4.566,4.233,P<0.05),The width of pituitary before 30 years old and after 60 years old were smaller than the other groups (P <0.05 ), but man did not show this relationship.The widths were statistically correlation with sexes, age and weight.The mean anteroposterior diameter in middle sagittal images of male and female among 5 age groups were (11.2±1.2), (11.8±1.3), (11.8±1.5), (12.3±1.8), (12.2±2.0) and (11.9±1.3), (12.5±1.5), (12.4±1.5), (12.9±1.6), (12.7±1.6)mm respectively.There were significant difference among the age groups ( F = 7.270, 5.903, P < 0.01 ).Before 60 year old, the anteroposterior diameter was smaller in male than all female groups (P < 0.05 ), and there was a tendency to grow downwards with age.The anteroposterior diameter was statistically correlated with sexes and age.(3)The angle of inclination of pituitary stalks: on reconstructed coronal MRI imaging, the angle of inclination of pituitary stalk were in the middle, no significant differences in the angle measurements were found between male and female among 5 age groups ( P > 0.05).(4) The typing of pituitary glands in middle sagittal MR images : there were significant differences between each typing ( χ2 = 44.212, 107.518, P < 0.01 ), there was a tendency of pituitary upper border to depressed when age increased.Conclusions With highresolution MRI and 3D volumetric analytic software, volume and size of pituitary glands and the angle of inclination of pituitary stalks were accurately measured, and that provide morphological data of pituitary glands for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.     

中国汉族正常成人岛叶体积的高分辨率MRI测量

Objective To explore the normal range of the insula volume of Chinese adults of the Han nationality and its relationship with age, which provide morphological data for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.Methods This is a clinical multi-center study.One thousand Chinese healthy volunteers (age range = 18 to 70) recruited from 16 hospitals were divided into 5 groups, i.e.,Group A ( age range = 18 to 30), B ( age range = 31 to 40 ), C ( age range = 41 to 50 ), D ( age range =51 to 60), and E (age range =61 to 70).Each group contained 100 males and 100 females.All of the volunteers were scanned by MR using T1 weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo sequence.After three dimension data reconstruction, the volumes of bilateral insula were manually measured.The volume of bilateral insula were compared by paired sample t test.The insula volumes were compared between male and female by independent sample t test, and the differences among 5 age groups were compared by one-way ANNOVA.The relationship between the volumes of insula and age,sex or cerebral volume were analyzed using bivariate correlation, respectively.Results The left snd right side volume of insula before standarized were (7764±1165) and (7387±1128) mm3 respectively, after standarized were (8413±1201 ) and (7871±1140) mm3 respectively.The left insula volume were significant larger than that of right(t = - 10.565, - 16.014,P <0.01 ).The left and fight volume of insula were (8146±1181 ) and (7735±1113) mm3 for male, and (7393±1022) mm3 and (7050±1038) mm3for female.The left and right insula volumes for male were larger than the female's(t = 10.934,9.945 ,P <0.01 ).The left and right insula volume of male after standarized were (8779±1230 ) and (8224±1081 )mm3, female were (8043±1054) and (7515±1091 ) mm3 ,the left and right insula volume of male were larger than the female's ( t = 4.858,4.632, P < 0.01 ).The left insula volumes among Group A, B, C, D,E before standarized were ( 8268±1221 ), ( 8067±1107 ), ( 7869±1109), ( 7603±1111 ), ( 6997±934 )mm3 respectively,the right were (8028±1156), (7636±1075), (7294±986), (7249±1068), (6717±916) mm3 respectively, there were significant differences among 5 groups between left and right insula volume(F= -0.361,-0.337,P <0.01 ).The left insula volume of A,B,C,D,E after standarized were ( 9093±1105 ), ( 8679±965 ), ( 8810±1136), ( 8202±980), ( 7273±940 )mm3, the right were ( 8694±1005), (8136±1100), (8034±910), (7496±990), (6989±932) mm3, there were significant differences among 5 groups between left and right insula volume(F = -0.490, -0.512,P < 0.01 ).There was significant negative correlation between the volume and age ( before standarizded:r = -0.361, -0.337, after standardized r = -0.490, -0.512, P<0.05).Before and after standardized, there was significant correlation between the volume of right and left insula and cerebral volume ( r = 0.470,0.459, P < 0.05 ).Before and after standardized, there was significant correlation between the volume of right and left insula and weight( r = 0.141, 0.092, P < 0.05 ).Conclusions 1.5 T MR scanner has high resolution, for distinguishing the white matter from the gray matter, and provide morphological data of insula for the construction of database for Chinese Standard Brain.     

中国正常成人中脑体积的高分辨力MRI的测量与分析

目的 测量中国健康汉族成人中脑体积,并建立正常值参考范围,分析中脑体积与年龄及性别的关系,为建立中国正常人标准脑提供基础数据.方法 选取18～70岁健康成年志愿者1000名,按年龄18～30、31～40、41～50、51～60、61～70分为共5组,标记为A、B、C、D、E,每组共计200名,男、女各100名.对所有受试者行全脑容积MR扫描,用3D体积分析软件进行中脑体积测量.分析年龄与中脑体积的相关性.结果 男性中脑平均体积[(8087.89±1177.43)mm3]大于女性[(7763.87±1007.44)mm3,t=-4.68,P＜0.001].男性A～E组中脑体积分别为(8857.65±980.12)mm3、(8691.22±913.56)mm3、(8072.26±1024.78)mm3、(7688.33±981.91)mm3、(7129.98±1059.98)mm3,女性A～E组中脑体积分别为(8290.68±995.41)mm3、(8034.79±1000.00)mm3、(7767.43±907.28)mm3、(7619.18±836.72)mm3、(7107.29±889.09)mm3.A～C组男性中脑体积均大于女性(P均＜0.05),D、E组男、女差异则无统计学意义.男性除A组与B组外,其余各组间差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05);女性除A组与B组、C组与D组外,其余各组间差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).男性和女性中脑体积均与年龄相关(r=-0.55、-0.38,P均＜0.001).结论 正常中国成人中脑体积存在性别差异,男性中脑体积总体上大于女性;18～50岁男性中脑体积大于女性,51～70岁男女间无显著差异.中脑体积及其性别间差异均随年龄增大而减小.     

艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎CT影像特征分析

<正>本研究回顾性分析我院2004年8月至2013年12月在我院住院诊断艾滋病合并肺孢子菌肺炎(pneumocystis carinii pneumonia,PCP)患者57例,现将其CT表现分析如下。1对象与方法1.1研究对象:通过计算机病案管理系统检索2004年8月至2013年12月所有艾滋病合并PCP患者病例资料及单纯PCP患者病例资料,查阅病历号及CT号,在我院CT影像库     

中国汉族成人岛叶体积与年龄的相关性研究

目的 探讨正常中国汉族成人岛叶体积与年龄的相关性,为岛叶病变的临床诊断提供直接依据.方法 从全国不同地区选择健康汉族成人志愿者1000例,按年龄分为5组,每组200例,每组内男女各半.对每位志愿者用1.5T MR扫描仪进行研究,应用Aquariusws软件手动逐层勾画出岛叶边界,软件自动测算出其体积.结果 中国汉族正常成人岛叶体积正常值范围:18～30岁组右侧岛叶体积正常值范围(8027.984±1156.219) mm3,左侧岛叶体积正常值范围(8268.385±1221.406) mm3,31～40岁组右侧岛叶体积正常值范围(7636.231±1075.381) mm3,左侧岛叶体积正常值范围(8067.443±1106.699) mm3,41～50岁组右侧岛叶体积正常值范围(7294.523±986.201) mm3,左侧岛叶体积正常值范围(7868.664±1109.112) mm3 ,51～60岁组右侧岛叶体积正常值范围(7249.137±1068.246) mm3,左侧岛叶体积正常值范围(7603.443±1110.821) mm3;61～80岁组右侧岛叶体积正常值范围(6717.196±915.656) mm3,左侧岛叶体积正常值范围(6997.477±934.568) mm3 .结论 岛叶体积与年龄呈负相关,即随着年龄的增大岛叶体积逐渐缩小.     

中国汉族正常成人第四脑室容积的高分辨率MRI测量

目的 测量中国汉族正常成人第四脑室容积的正常值,为建立中国标准脑提供基础数据.方法 采用全国多中心临床研究形式,选取18～70岁健康中国成年志愿者1000名,按照年龄18～30、31～40、41～50、51～60、61～70岁进行分组,分别定义为A、B、C、D、E年龄段组,每组男、女均为100名,对所有受试者均行3D磁化强度预备梯度回波序列T1WI,对3D数据重组后于矢状面通过软件自动追踪结合手工勾绘第四脑室边界测量其容积,对不同性别、不同年龄组统计分析分别采用独立样本t检验、方差分析,对年龄和容积作Pearson相关分析.结果 男、女性第四脑窒容积分别为(2.2±0.9)、(1.9±0.6)ml,性别间差异有统计学意义(t=5.573,P=0.000),男性第四脑室容积大于女性.男性A、B、C、D、E组第四脑室容积分别为(2.1±0.9)、(2.1±0.8)、(2.2±0.8)、(2.1±1.0)、(2.4±0.8)ml,5组间差异有统计学意义(F=2.639,P=0.033),E组与A、B、C、D组分别比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);女性分别为(2.0±0.7)、(1.9±0.6)、(1.8±0.6)、(1.9±0.7)、(2.0±0.6)ml,各组间差异无统计学意义(F=1.788,P=0.130).男性容积和年龄有相关,但相关性不强(r=0.119,P=0.008);女性容积和年龄不相关(r=0.041,P=0.360).结论 正常中国成人第四脑窜容积大小存在性别差异;男女性第四脑室容积随年龄变化情况存在不同.     

标准化测量海马体积

目的 分析中国健康成人海马体积与颅内容积(IVC)之间的关系,寻找一种可靠的海马体积校正方法。 方法 对1000名健康成年人行大脑T1加权三维磁化强度预备梯度回波序列扫描。应用三维体积分析软件手工勾画感兴趣区域的方法测量海马的体积,并按头颅高径、前后径、左右径相乘的方法测量IVC。从中选取18~60岁800名健康成人的脑MRI数据,应用相除法和协方差法分析海马体积与IVC的相关性。分别对1000名健康成年人左、右侧的海马原始体积、经相除法和协方差法校正后的海马体积进行不同性别间两独立样本t检验。 结果 左、右侧海马体积与IVC呈正相关(r=0.55、0.49,P均<0.001)。经相除法校正后,左、右侧海马体积与IVC的相关性较校正前减低(左侧:r=－0.33,F=10.11,P<0.01;右侧r=－0.29,F=7.46,P<0.01)。经协方差法校正后,左、右侧海马体积与IVC无相关性(左侧:r=0.13,F=1.40,P=0.24;右侧:r=0.10,F=0.76,P=0.39)。1000名健康成年人左、右侧的海马原始体积在不同性别间差异有统计学意义(t=7.326、6.586,P均<0.001);采用相除法校正后的左、右侧海马体积在不同性别间的差异亦有统计学意义(t=－3.753、－3.287,P均<0.001);采用协方差法校正后的左、右侧海马体积在不同性别间的差异无统计学意义(左侧:t=－0.526,P=－0.179;右侧:t=－1.353,P=－0.600)。 结论 海马结构体积与IVC间存在明显相关关系,相除法和协方差法可以有效地对海马体积进行校正,有助于更客观地判断海马体积变化。