Optimization Mathematical Model of Pile Forces for Offshore Piled Breasting Dolphins

An optimization mathematical model of the pile forces for piled breasting dolphins in the open sea under various loading conditions is presented. The optimum layout with the well distributed pile forces and the least number of piles is achieved by the multiplier penalty function method. Several engineering cases have been calculated and compared with the result of the conventional design method. It is shown that the number of piles can be reduced at least by 10%—20% and the piles‘ bearing state is improved greatly.     

动力定位系统与单波束测深仪在科考船定点作业中的应用

科考船定点作业时会受到海洋风、涌、浪、流等外界环境因素影响，导致工作效率降低，原位测量精度下降，甚至影响作业安全。动力定位系统 （DP） 具有自动定位功能，能够抵抗外界环境因素的影响，可实现科考船高精度定点控位。 单波束测深仪不仅可以测量水深，也可反映水下设备深度信息，可以起到辅助监控水下设备功能。本文在介绍定点作业施工现状与局限性的基础上，分析 DP 系统与单波束测深仪工作原理，以“向阳红 01”船为载体，在定点作业时开启 DP 系统与单波束测深仪，发现该方法可以提高科考船定点作业工作效率、原位测量精度并保障作业安全，可为其他科考船定点作业提供参考。     

南海北部含油气构造上方化探异常研究

在南海北部利用地球化学方法作为油气勘探的一种辅助手段。在6个航次中采集了沉积物、底层海水及海面大气样品，测定了近50种化探指标，并采用稳健统计方法进行了数据处理和异常圈定。化探结果在油气藏上方发现了清晰的、具不同指标组合的综合化探异常，与邻近空构造形成鲜明的对照。圈闭顶部的块状异常和圈闭周绿的环状、半环状异常是下伏油气藏的良好指示，而剖面上呈锯齿状、平面上呈线状的异常则与断裂带有关。实践表明，建立已知油气藏上方的化探异常模式及解剖已知空构造上方的地球化学特征对于指导本区或邻区的化探异常评价是十分必要的。     

Embryonic and larval development of Babylonia formosae habei (Altena and Gittenberger, 1981) (Gastropoda:Buccinidae) on China''''s coast

The development of embryos and larvae of Babylonia formosae habei living along the southeast coast of China is observed under laboratory conditions. The egg masses are laid by females on hard substrate at night and each capsule contains 100-500 eggs. Each egg is 250-280 mm in diameter. The first two cleavages of the embryo are meridional and equal, and a polar lobe is produced. Larval kidney, which only consists of a single cell, appears during the gastrula stage on each side of the embryo. The right tentacle develops prior to the left one. At 25-27℃, an intracapsulate veliger stage is reached about 4.5 d after deposition. The larvae hatch on the fifth day as swimming veligers with a shell length of 360 -500 mm. The newly hatched larva can ingest suspended algal cells from the water column and remains in the pelagic stage for 8-10 d. The newly settled juveniles are 900-1 200 mm in shell length.     

A Compact Explicit Difference Scheme of High Accuracy for Extended Boussinesq Equations

Presented here is a compact explicit difference scheme of high accuracy for solving the extended Boussinesq equations.For time discretization,a three-stage explicit Runge-Kutta method with TVD property is used at predicting stage,a cubic spline function is adopted at correcting stage,which made the time discretization accuracy up to fourth order;For spatial discretization,a three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order accuracy is employed.The extended Boussinesq equations derived by Beji and Nadaoka are solved by the proposed scheme.The numerical results agree well with the experimental data.At the same time,the comparisons of the two numerical results between the present scheme and low accuracy difference method are made,which further show the necessity of using high accuracy scheme to solve the extended Boussinesq equations.As a valid sample,the wave propagation on the rectangular step is formulated by the present scheme,the modelled results are in better agreement with the experimental data than those of Kittitanasuan.     

The Working Mechanism and An Analytic Method of the Deep Embedded Large Cylinder Structure

The large cylinder is a new-type structure that has been applied to harbor and offshore engineering. An analytic method of the relationship between loads and the structure displacement is developed based on the failure mode of deep embedded large cylinder structures. It can be used to calculate directly the soil resistance and the ultirnate bearing capacity of the structure under usage. A new criterion of the large cylinder structure, which discriminates the deep embedded cylinder from the shallow embedded cylinder, is defined. Model tests prove that the proposed method is feasible for the analysis of deep embedded large cylinder structures.     

Embryonic and larval development of Babylonia formosae habei(Altena and Gittenberger, 1981)(Gastropoda: Buccinidae) on China''s coast

The development of embryos and larvae of Babyloniaformosae habei living along the southeast coast of China is observed under laboratory conditions. The egg masses are laid by females on hard substrate at night and each capsule contains 100-500 eggs. Each egg is 250-280 mm in diameter. The fast two cleavages of the embryo are meridional and equal, and a polar lobe is produced. Larval kidney, which only consists of a single cell, appears during the gastrula stage on each side of the embryo. The right tentacle develops prior to the left one. At 25-27 ℃, an intracapsulate veliger stage is reached about 4.5 d after deposition. The larvae hatch on the fifth day as swimming veligers with a shell length of 360 -500 mm. The newly hatched larva can ingest suspended algal cells from the water column and remains in the pelagic stage for 8-10 d. The newly settled juveniles are 900-1 200 mm in shell length.     

超声波对青石斑鱼体表吸收氯霉素能力的影响

应用超声波对8－20cm青石斑鱼体表吸收能力的影响研究表明，超声波的超声强度和作用时间及及浸泡的氯霉素溶液的浓度对青石斑鱼体表吸收氯霉素的能力有显著影响，且呈正相关关系。此外，不同的超声作用方法也能显著影响实验石斑鱼的体表吸收能力，其中，超声后浸泡和浸泡后超声以及脉冲超声比连续超声均能更显著地提高石斑鱼的体表吸收能力。     

清淤输泥的新方法新设备

为解决中低滩涂沉积的深厚软粘土层的输送难题,提出了一种清淤输泥的新方法,研制了能远距离输送高浓度、大粘度、低含水量的淤泥和软粘土的土方施工新设备:包括进料口、推送器、表面膜发生器、脉冲切割器、定位系统、智能控制系统、输料管道、管道浮子等。该设备具有能耗低,工效高,效益好;结构简单,故障少,运行维护方便;定位准确性高;自动化程度高等特点。可广泛应用于水利、环保、建筑工程中的淤泥和软粘土输送。     

浙江省海塘塘顶高程的确定

介绍了浙江省海塘塘顶高程确定时所涉及的波浪爬高，越浪量等的计量，同时分析了1997年后浙江省海塘塘顶高程确定的方法，由已建海塘的塘顶高程分析可见，在背水坡和塘顶有保护措施的情况下，采用允许最大越波流量来控制海塘塘顶高程，可适当降低塘身高度。