渭北黄土台塬全新世地层高分辨率研究

在野外观测研究的基础上 ,对陕西扶风新店村全新世黄土剖面作了详细的地层划分。通过磁化率、粒度、TOC、全铁和碳酸盐含量测定分析 ,进一步揭示渭北黄土台塬全新世季风气候变化的规律。同时 ,阐明了“全新世大暖期”的气候有明显的波动变化 ,尤其是在 6 0 0 0— 5 0 0 0 a B.P.发生了一个干旱气候事件 ,形成黄土堆积 ,使得全新世古土壤分裂成为两层 ,表现为多周期土壤。从 3 10 0 a B.P.开始至今气候变得干旱 ,风尘堆积旺盛 ,形成了现代黄土和表土层     

Adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed under the influence of tannic acid

Although there has been substantial research done on adsorption of metals/metalloids by Al (oxy)hydroxides, little is known regarding the adsorption of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on Al (oxy)hydroxides, especially those formed in the presence of organic acid. This paper investigated the adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed with initial tannate/Al molar ratios (MRs) 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 (referred to MR0, MR0.001, MR0.01, and MR0.1, respectively) through batch adsorption experiments and FTIR study. The results showed that Al (oxy)hydroxides were important sorbents for phenanthrene. The adsorption kinetic data were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order equation. According to a modified Freundlich model, the adsorption capacities of Al (oxy)hydroxides followed a descending order of MR0.1 > MR0 ≥ MR0.01 > MR0.001, which was inconsistent with the organic carbon content in the Al (oxy)hydroxides. Adsorption capacity correlated with the specific surface area, micropore area, and micropore diameter of Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet the relationships were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). FTIR results showed that physical interaction was essential in phenanthrene adsorption onto the Al (oxy)hydroxides, which could be explained by an entropy-driven process. Surface hydrophobicity of Al (oxy)hydroxides played a key role in phenanthrene adsorption. Additional π–π electron donor–acceptor interaction of phenanthrene (acting as electron donor) with aromatic ring of tannic acid (electron acceptor) could be also important in phenanthrene adsorption by high MR Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet it needs further study. The findings obtained in the present study are of fundamental significance in understanding the mechanism of immobilization of PAHs in low organic matter but oxide-rich soils.     

大别山超高压变质岩的变形特征及其地质意义

大别山超高压变质岩至少经过５期变形。第１期产生于榴辉岩相变质前；第２期大致与榴辉岩相变质作用同步．岩石产生紧密同斜褶皱及榴辉岩相糜棱岩；第３期产生于超高压变质岩向中地壳折返的过程中，以榴辉岩的布丁化及基质的透入性剪切为特征；第４期主要形成剪切条带及伸展沿劈理．是大别山碰撞后差异隆升，岩层向南滑脱的结果；最后一期为脆性变形，岩层沿北东向断层产生左行平移。通过超高压变质岩的变形分析，可以了解超高压变质岩形成和折返的构造运动过程。     

川南煤系硫铁矿矿山地质环境现状分析

着重分析当前川南煤系硫铁矿的矿山地质环境现状,以及硫铁矿山普遍存在的一些地质环境问题,旨在引起社会各方面对矿山地质环境保护的重视。     

湘黔地区震旦纪菌藻硅质岩特征及形成机理探讨

湘黔地区震旦纪菌藻硅质岩化学成分纯净,硅质矿物含量95%以上,几乎都为泥晶—微晶石英,石英结晶度平均为6.35。岩石具菌藻生物结构,以纹层状构造为主。其中丰富的菌藻生物化石,按形态可划分为三种类型。岩石属原生沉积成因,二氧化硅的聚沉一方面通过菌藻有机体的硅化作用,另一方面是菌藻生物化学作用引起微环境变化而导致二氧化硅的聚沉。     

β-环糊精交联聚合物对氯苯的吸附特性

通过对水中含有微量氯苯的吸附特性研究,考察β-环糊精交联聚合物吸附氯苯的动力学、热力学及连续运行条件下的稳定性和再生性能。实验结果表明:β-环糊精交联聚合物吸附氯苯的过程符合准二级动力学模型,即化学吸附是吸附过程的控制步骤;β-环糊精交联聚合物上的等温吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温模型。在15、25、35℃时最大吸附量分别为23.36、28.17、27.85mg/g;动态模拟实验中,当氯苯质量浓度为10mg/L时,氯苯的去除率大于80%。乙醇作为溶剂可以使吸附饱和的β-环糊精交联聚合物再生。     

A Comparison of Nd Isotopes of Granitoids from the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and Qinling-Dabie Orogen,and Implications for Understanding of Crustal Growth from Accretion to Collision

正Orogens can generally be divided into two types:accretionary and collisional.The fundamental differences in deep-crustal compositions and architecture from accretion to collision and how to identify them is not well understood.This is one of the major aims of the IGCP 662 project (www.igcp662.org.cn).The Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is a typical and the world's largest Phanerozoic accretionary orogenic belt and the     

新疆库鲁克塔格前寒武纪地块岩浆热事件及构造演化

库鲁克塔格地块是新疆前寒武系出露较全、保存较完好地块。通过对前人岩浆活动定年工作总结,进行岩石地球化学特征及构造环境分析,构建库鲁克塔格岩浆活动序列及构造演化格架。库鲁克塔格地块前后经历了4次构造岩浆运动,前3次较强烈,具区域变质、变形、岩浆侵入及地形隆起特征,第4次构造运动主要为隆起和沉积缺失。具体划分为7个阶段:古太古代陆核形成阶段(3.6~3.3 Ga);陆壳增生改造阶段(2.6~2.3 Ga);古元古代陆壳改造阶段(2.1~1.8 Ga);中元古代晚期—新元古代早期造山运动阶段(1.1~0.86 Ga);新元古代中期造山后伸展阶段(830~800 Ma);新元古代中晚期陆内裂解阶段(770~630 Ma)和显生宙造陆运动。     

我国热带亚热带部分地区花岗岩和片麻岩中黑云母风化研究

综合应用Ｘ射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜及偏光显微镜等技术手段研究了我国热带、亚热带部分地区花岗岩和片麻岩中黑云母的风化现象。结果表明，化学风化产物主要有黑云母／蛭石不规则间层矿物、水黑云母、蛭石、０．７ｎｍ埃洛石及铁的氢氧化物（氧化物）等。影响黑云母风化及次生产物形成的主要因素包括黑云母的晶体结构和化学成分、气候、风化壳母岩的矿物成分等。