海水中碳酸根与固体粒子的相互作用

本文研究了海水中碳酸根在固体粒子上的吸附。碳酸根在各种因素颗粒物上的吸附程度上大小顺序为：赤铁矿〉δ－ＭｎＯ２〉水锰矿〉ＳｉＯ２,最大吸附量可达到约２ｍｇＣ／ｇ吸附剂,且最大吸附值均在天然海水ｐＨ（ｐＨ８）左右。在低ＰＨ时,碳酸根对ＮａＣｌ介质中砷酸根的吸附没有影响,在高ｐＨ时,则降低了砷酸根在固体颗粒物上的吸附量,因此碳酸根的存在对其他阴离子的吸附会产生竞争作用。     

Correction of the temperature effect in calibration of a solar radio telescope

This work analyzes the annual fluctuation of the observation data of the Mingantu Solar radio Telescope(MST) in S, C and X bands. It is found that the data vary with local air temperature as the logarithmic attenuation of equipment increases with temperature and frequency. A simplified and effective calibration method is proposed, which is used to calibrate the MST data in 2018–2020, while the correction coefficients are calculated from data in 2018–2019. For S, C and X bands, the root mean square errors of one polarization are 2.7, 5.7 and 20 sfu, and the relative errors are 4%, 6% and 8% respectively. The calibration of MUSER and SBRS spectra is also performed. The relative errors of MUSER at 1700 MHz,SBRS at 2800 MHz, 3050 MHz and 3350 MHz are 8%, 8%, 11% and 10% respectively. We found that several factors may affect the calibration accuracy, especially at X-band. The method is expected to work for other radio telescopes with similar design.     

Velocity-Interface Structure of the Southwestern Ryukyu Subduction Zone from EW9509-1 OBS/MCS Data

A wide-angle seismic survey, combining ocean-bottom seismometers (OBS) and multi-channel seismic (MCS) profiling, was implemented in the southwestern Ryukyu subduction zone during August and September 1995. In this paper, we present the data analysis of eight OBSs and the corresponding MCS line along profile EW9509-1 from this experiment. Seismic data modeling includes identification of refracted and reflected arrivals, initial model building from velocity analysis of the MCS data, and simultaneous and layer-stripping inversions of the OBS and MCS arrivals. The velocity-interface structure constructed along profile EW9509-1 shows that the northward subduction of the Philippine Sea Plate has resulted in a northward thickening of the sediments of the Ryukyu Trench and the Yaeyama accretionary wedge north of the trench. The boundary between the subducting oceanic crust and the overriding continental crust (represented by a velocity contour of 6.75 km/s) and a sudden increase of the subducting angle (from 5 degrees to 25 degrees) are well imaged below the Nanao Basin. Furthermore, velocity undulation and interface variation are found within the upper crust of the Ryukyu Arc. Therefore, the strongest compression due to subduction and a break-off of the slab may have occurred and induced the high seismicity in the forearc region. This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

涡流发生器对潮流能水轮机翼型水动力学特性影响的数值模拟

为了改善潮流能水轮机叶片表面流动分离问题,提高其升阻比,本文通过在潮流能水轮机叶片表面加装涡流发生器,来研究涡流发生器对潮流能水轮机水动力学性能的影响。本文以NACA4418翼型为研究对象,分别建立了含VGs和不含VGs的三维模型,利用CFD方法研究了VGs的高度、长度以及相邻一对VGs之间的间距等多个方面对该翼型性能的影响。结果表明:VGs可以有效地提高翼型的最大升力系数;相邻VGs间距的增加对流动分离的抑制有积极影响。此外,通过对尾迹区流线和旋涡的分析,进一步揭示了尾迹区的流场特征。     

南黄海盆地二叠系烃源岩孢粉相特征及其形成环境

以沉积环境控制烃源岩发育理论为指导,应用孢粉相分析方法,以南黄海盆地二叠系大隆组、龙潭组和栖霞组烃源岩层段为研究对象,对典型钻井剖面的孢粉及沉积有机屑进行系统的分析。根据沉积有机屑的丰度特征和组分类型,探讨三套烃源岩的形成环境,初步评价其生烃潜力。研究结果表明,利用孢粉相分析方法,可以有效地对高成熟海相烃源岩的生烃潜力和形成环境进行客观评价:栖霞组为缺氧远陆架沉积环境,以无定形有机质为主,水体分层缺氧,是烃源岩形成的有利环境;大隆组为缺氧和少氧的陆架环境,也较有利于烃源岩的形成,生烃潜力较栖霞组差;龙潭组煤质型有机质较为丰富,为充氧的陆架区,以陆源输入为主,沉积区水体较浅,含氧量高,不利于富氢烃源岩的形成。     

扬子陆块庙湾蛇绿岩中橄榄岩的同位素年代学及其构造意义

扬子陆核崆岭高级变质地体内出露一套强变形的基性-超基性岩岩石组合, 主要呈似层状、透镜状分布于崆岭群中, 该套变基性-超基性岩组合对扬子陆块早期构造演化过程具有重要意义.通过同位素稀释法(isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry, 简称ID-TIMS)获得该套岩石组合中蛇纹石化方辉橄榄岩全岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄为1063±12Ma, 说明Sm-Nd同位素体系可用于对超低含量、发生强蚀变作用的超基性岩样品进行定年.样品Nd同位素组成相对均一(ε_Nd(t)值为6.90~7.32), 表明形成于封闭体系中, 其对应Nd同位素两阶段模式年龄为1.13~1.09Ga, 与形成年龄接近, 说明来自亏损软流圈地幔部分熔融.结合区域上已有的中元古代末期到新元古代早期构造岩浆事件研究, 认为在该时期扬子陆块可能由多个微陆块组成, 就扬子陆核而言, 其与扬子陆块西侧之间很可能存在分隔的大洋.      

全球前寒武—寒武系含油气盆地石油地质特征及成藏主控因素

前寒武—寒武系油气作为我国中西部含油气盆地未来油气勘探的重要接替领域,近年来受到广泛关注。本文以阿曼和东西伯利亚盆地为例,阐述全球典型前寒武—寒武系古老含油气盆地石油地质特征及成藏主控因素,为国内前寒武—寒武系油气勘探取得进一步突破提供参考。阿曼和东西伯利亚盆地烃源岩主要发育在盆地初始裂陷作用区,受埋深及地温梯度控制,在志留纪或泥盆纪之前就已大量生油;储集层岩性以砂岩为主,分布面积广,受表生风化淋滤、胶结物溶蚀及构造裂缝改造等后期作用影响,可形成优质区域性储层;优质的区域性盖层是前寒武—寒武系古老油气藏得以保存的关键性因素,盆地膏盐岩累计厚度都超过1 000m。塔里木盆地寒武系盐下深层含油气层系,同国外古老含油气盆地相比,同样具有多套高丰度优质烃源岩生烃、厚层区域性膏盐岩封堵及长距离运移、多层系成藏特征,具有良好的油气勘探潜力。     

Lithofacies paleogeography mapping and reservoir prediction in tight sandstone strata: A case study from central Sichuan Basin,China

Sand-rich tight sandstone reservoirs are potential areas for oil and gas exploration. However, the high ratio of sandstone thickness to that of the strata in the formation poses many challenges and uncertainties to traditional lithofacies paleogeography mapping. Therefore, the prediction of reservoir sweet spots has remained problematic in the field of petroleum exploration. This study provides new insight into resolving this problem, based on the analyses of depositional characteristics of a typical modern sand-rich formation in a shallow braided river delta of the central Sichuan Basin, China. The varieties of sand-rich strata in the braided river delta environment include primary braided channels, secondary distributary channels and the distribution of sediments is controlled by the successive superposed strata deposited in paleogeomorphic valleys. The primary distributary channels have stronger hydrodynamic forces with higher proportions of coarse sand deposits than the secondary distributary channels. Therefore, lithofacies paleogeography mapping is controlled by the geomorphology, valley locations, and the migration of channels. We reconstructed the paleogeomorphology and valley systems that existed prior to the deposition of the Xujiahe Formation. Following this, rock-electro identification model for coarse skeletal sand bodies was constructed based on coring data. The results suggest that skeletal sand bodies in primary distributary channels occur mainly in the valleys and low-lying areas, whereas secondary distributary channels and fine deposits generally occur in the highland areas. The thickness distribution of skeletal sand bodies and lithofacies paleogeography map indicate a positive correlation in primary distributary channels and reservoir thickness. A significant correlation exists between different sedimentary facies and petrophysical properties. In addition, the degree of reservoir development in different sedimentary facies indicates that the mapping method reliably predicts the distribution of sweet spots. The application and understanding of the mapping method provide a reference for exploring tight sandstone reservoirs on a regional basis.     

Dynamic response of surface foundations on layered media

The steady-state dynamic responses of both flexible and rigid massless foundations with complex geometries on layered media are studied by the finite layer method. The discussion covers both the horizontal and vertical responses including the rocking mode of vibration. The effect of various parameters, namely, the size of the domain, the number of harmonic terms and the material damping of the soil media, on the convergence and accuracy of the results is investigated. Non-homogeneous soil profiles are treated as a matter of course. The results obtained are compared with solutions by other theoretical methods.     

基于微服务架构的地震站网全流程一体化监控平台设计与实现

地震站网全流程一体化监控平台是基于微服务框架,应用数据库、通信、并行计算等传统信息技术,结合新兴的云计算、大数据进行建设的信息服务平台。该平台采用Hadoop分布式处理方案,应用Spring Cloud框架搭建,进行Docker容器封装,以标准RESTful API作为服务接口的微服务架构,实现了各应用服务模块之间的高内聚、低耦合及灵活、可扩展的特性,最终实现对地震台站运行的实时监测、高效运维和一体化管理。