肼的生产及其应用

<正> 三、应用1977年肼在欧美及日本的消费结构如表3所示。表3 肼的消费结构(1977年,吨纯肼)用途欧洲日本美国总计占比例%发泡剂 3800 1300 1800 6900 33.6农业 2200 1300 3100 6600 32.1水处理 2300 950 700 3950 19.2空间技术 / / 1050 1050 5.1其它 500 640 900 2040 10.0总计 8800 4190 7550 20540 100(一)发泡剂发泡剂系指在聚合物中产生发泡作用形成孔洞的物质,主要是肼的衍生物。最早的发泡剂之一偶氮二异丁腈是由丙酮氰醇与肼反应,再用氯氧化而得,用于橡胶及 PVC 的发泡。目前用量最大的发泡剂是偶氮二甲酰胺(发泡剂 AC),1978年美国产量为五千吨。它是先由肼与尿素反应制得联二脲再由     

滴流反应器的周期性填充:实验与模拟

A periodic packing mode of trickle-bed reactor(TBR)for the gas limited reaction was proposed.Hydrogenation of 2-ethylanthraquinone over Pd/Al2O3 in a laboratory-scale TBR was taken as a test reaction for determining whether the periodic packing mode is advantageous.The effects of operating conditions and packing type on TBR performance were experimentally examined to demonstrate the cause-effect relationships.A mathematic model of TBR considering axial dispersion and fractional wetting was developed to quantitatively illuminate the reason of performance enhancement.     

丙烯在仲丁醇-水溶液中溶解度的测定与关联

In order to obtain solubility data of propylene in 2-butanol water solutions, gas-liquid equilibrium(GLE) experiment was carried out at 303.15--333.15 K, 0.3-1.2 MPa with static equilibrium still. Original mass ratios of 2-butanol to water are 1:0，9:1,8:2 and 7:3, respectively. The equilibrium data are correlated with an empirical correlation. The average relative deviation (ARD) between experimental and calculated values is 2.15%,and the maximum relative deviation (MRD) is less than 5%.     

超临界二氧化碳抗溶剂结晶在制药技术中的应用

介绍了超临界二氧化碳抗溶剂结晶过程的基本原理,综述了超临界二氧化碳抗溶剂结晶在制药技术中应用的最新进展,讨论了超临界二氧化碳抗溶剂结晶技术中需要进一步研究的问题和开发的领域.     

氢氧直接合成过氧化氢贵金属催化剂的研究

采用浸渍法制备了一系列负载型钯催化剂，用于催化氢气和氧气直接合成过氧化氢的反应。分别考察了钯负载节、溶剂、载体预处理对反应的影响；结合XPS分析推断了催化剂活性组分价态。结果发现钯最佳负载量为1．88％（质量分数）；氢气在溶剂中的溶解度越大其反应转化率也越高，其中甲醇和丙酮都是良好的溶剂；载体经过卤化铵预处理可大幅度地提高催化剂的选择性；金属态钯为具有催化活性的价态。     

基于人工神经网络的滴流床脉冲流频率的预测

An extensive database (946 measurements) for the frequency of pulsing flow in trickle beds was established by collecting the experimental results published over past 30 years. A new correlation based on artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the pulsation frequency was developed. Seven dimensionless numbers (groups) employed in the proposed correlation were liquid and gas Reynolds, liquid Weber, liquid Eǒtvǒs, gas Froude, and gas Stokes numbers and a bed correction factor. The comparisons of performance reported in the of literature and present correlations show that ANN correlation is a significant improvement in predicting pulsation frequency with an average absolute relative error (AARE) of 10% and a standard deviation less than 18%.     

高氯酸羟胺热分解动力学

引言 高氯酸羟胺(HAP)是一种用于推进技术领域的新型高能氧化剂,在高性能推进系统中具有极为重要的价值[1～3].     

双环戊二烯加氢研究进展

双环戊二烯加氢研究进展米镇涛，杨军（天津大学化工系３０００７２）关键词：双环戊二烯，四氢双环戊二烯，加氢１．前言双环戊二烯（简称为ＤＣＰＤ）的深度氢化产物四氢双环戊二烯（简称为ＴＨＤＣＰＤ），其异构化产物作为一种航天用高密度烃已得到了大量应用，因此国...     

异丙醇溶剂中H2O2法制环氧丙烷动力学

研究了异丙醇作为溶剂时,TS–1催化丙烯H2O2环氧化反应过程主副反应动力学,分析了丙烯压力、温度等因素对反应的影响,发现当温度低于40℃、丙烯压力为0.3 MPa时,环氧丙烷的收率达到75%,可以采用异丙醇法制H?2O2与丙烯环氧化集成.