多肽聚合物合成新方法及生物医学应用

多肽聚合物是以多肽为主链的合成聚合物,由于其固有的生物相容性和生物降解性,在生物医学领域展现出广阔的应用前景,然而多肽聚合物的高效、快速、简便合成仍然具有很大挑战。近年来随着合成化学的快速发展,基于α-氨基酸的N-羧基环内酸酐(NCA)开环聚合法制备多肽聚合物取得了突破性进展,合成了大量基于多肽聚合物的新型材料。本文首先介绍了NCA单体的合成机理及最新改进,然后重点介绍了近年来新发展的NCA开环聚合快速、高效制备多肽聚合物的不同引发或催化体系,最后简要介绍了多肽聚合物在抗菌剂、药物递送及组织工程等领域的应用,并提出了多肽聚合物材料在生物医学领域应用所面临的挑战。     

SiO2@Gd2O3∶Tb3+核壳微球的可控合成及发光性能研究

采用简便的尿素辅助沉淀法将Gd2O3∶Tb3+成功包覆在二氧化硅微球表面合成了尺寸均匀的球形SiO2@Gd2O3∶Tb3核壳发光材料,解决了稀土发光材料普遍存在的形貌可控性差和颗粒尺寸不均一等问题.利用XRD、SEM、红外光谱和荧光光谱等表征测试了样品的形貌、结构和发光性能.SEM照片和尺寸分布图显示,SiO2@Gd2O3∶Tb3+粒子呈现均匀球形形貌,分散性良好,粒径约(608 +18) nm.XRD图谱分析表明,600℃煅烧后,壳层Gd(OH)3CO3完全转变为立方相Gd2O3,结晶性良好,无杂相生成.同时,结合红外光谱推测了SiO2@Gd2O3∶Tb3核壳微球的形成机理,并得出Gd2O3∶Tb3+壳层主要以Si-O-Gd键形式连接在二氧化硅微球表面.在240 nm紫外光激发下,SiO2@Gd2O3∶Tb3核壳微球呈现绿光发射,其中,位于540 nm处的主峰归属于Tb3+的5D4→7F5能级跃迁.不同Tb3掺杂浓度下的发射光谱表明,当Tb3+掺杂浓度为4mol;时,SiO2@Gd2O3∶Tb3+核壳微球的发射强度达到最大值,寿命为1.55 ms,色坐标位于绿色区域,展现了良好的绿光发光性能.     

241Am-Be中子参考辐射的蒙特卡罗模拟研究

研究用于校准场所中子剂量监测仪表的241Am-Be中子参考辐射场计量特性。采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了空气自由中子参考辐射(FRNR),GB/T 14055规定的最小尺寸中子参考辐射(SRNR)和实际中子参考辐射(ARNR)中不同检验点处中子周围剂量当量率、散射中子占比和能谱分布特征。研究结果表明,空气对FRNR中的剂量率和能谱分布影响小,近似为理想中子参考辐射;采用5%含硼聚乙烯作屏蔽的最小尺寸SRNR可减少热中子,降低散射中子占比,影锥法不适用于小尺寸中子参考辐射中对散射中子的修正;ARNR中的散射中子更少、占比更低,影锥法所得散射中子占比与理论值基本一致。     

Effects of Pore Structure on Stress-Dependent Fluid Flow in Synthetic Porous Rocks Using Microfocus X-ray Computed Tomography

Transport in Porous Media - Based on microfocus X-ray computed tomography analyses, the relationship between the characteristics of pore structure and fluid flow behavior was investigated through...     

激光大气传输束心抖动概率分布

用概率理论研究了湍流大气中传播激光束心抖动概率分布和抖动导致点孔检测平均光强起伏概率分布。结果表明，二维束心抖动概率满足Ｒｉｃｉａｎ分布而点孔检测平均光强的起伏满足Ｇａｍｍａ分布。     

Markov-modulatedPH/G/1 queueing systems

We study a PH/G/1 queue in which the arrival process and the service times depend on the state of an underlying Markov chain J(t) on a countable state spaceE. We derive the busy period process, waiting time and idle time of this queueing system. We also study the Markov modulated E_K/G/1 queueing system as a special case.     

Crosstalk Study in a FBG-MOC-Based OXC Using Scattering Parameters

Crosstalk in FBG-MOC-based OXCs is simulated using scattering parameters and compared with that in FBG-OC-based OXCs. The former is able to enhance the output power without significant degradation in signal-to-crosstalk ratio compared with the latter.     

稀土铒离子注入多孔硅的发光

稀土离子Er注入多孔硅中.在350keV能量,1×1012~1×1015/cm2剂量范围内,注入后的多孔硅仍保持明亮的可见光发射.退火后,在近红外区测到1.54μm附近Er3+的特征发射.其发射强度比硅单晶对照样品明显增强,实验表明这增强作用来源于多孔硅的表面发光层.电化学制备过程中在表面层中带入的O、C、F等多种杂质可能是Er3+发光增强的原因.     

发光多孔硅表面微结构及其晶格畸变的实验研究

用电化学方法制备了不发光多孔硅和发光多孔硅,用X射线双晶衍射对两类多孔硅表面进行了微结构分析和晶体质量表征,实验表明两类多孔硅的微结构间存在着很大差别。不发光多孔硅表面对X射线的双晶衍射摇摆曲线可解叠成两个峰,它们分别来自样品多孔层和单晶硅衬底,而发光多孔硅对X射线的双晶衍射摇摆曲线呈高斯对称分布,不可解叠。发光多孔硅比不发光多孔硅表面晶体质量差,且电化学腐蚀越严重,表面晶体质量下降也越严重。     

Dry Chemistry of Ferrate(VI): A Solvent‐Free Mechanochemical Way for Versatile Green Oxidation

The +6 oxidation state of iron generally exists in the form of ferrate(VI) with high redox potential and environmentally friendly nature. Although ferrate(VI) has been known for over a century, its chemistry is still limited to the solvent‐based reactions that suffers from the insolubility/instability of this oxidant and the environmental issues caused by hazardous solvents. Herein, we explore the solvent‐free reactivity of ferrate(VI) under mechanical milling, revealing that its strong oxidizing power is accessible in the “dry” solid state towards a broad variety of substrates, for example, aromatic alcohols/aldehydes and carbon nanotubes. More significantly, solvent‐free mechanochemistry also reshapes the oxidizing ability of ferrate(VI) due to the underlying solvent‐free effect and the promotive mechanical actions. This study opens up a new chemistry of ferrate(VI) with promising application in green oxidative transformation of both organic and inorganic substrates.