γ-射线辐照对芳纶纤维复合材料力学性能的影响

本文研究了γ-射线辐照处理对三维编织芳纶纤维增强铸型尼龙(简称K3D／MCPA)复合材料力学性能的影响。研究表明，经γ线处理的芳纶纤维，表面氧含量有所提高，纤维表面活性增大；纤维经表面处理后的弯曲强度、弯曲模量及剪切强度均比未处理的高，但冲击强度较低。     

Melting behavior and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of polyamide 6/polyamide 66 molecular composites via in situ polymerization

The melting behavior and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of pure polyamide 6 (PA 6) and its molecular composites with polyamide 66 (PA 66) were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry. The PA 6/PA 66 composites had one melting peak, whereas the coextruded PA 6/PA 66 blends had two melting peaks. With the addition of PA 66 to PA 6 via in situ anionic polymerization, the melting temperature, crystallization temperature, and crystallinity of PA 6 in the composites decreased. The half‐time of nonisothermal crystallization increased for a PA 6/PA 66 molecular composite containing 12 wt % PA 66, in comparison with that of pure PA 6. The commonly used Ozawa equation was used to fit the nonisothermal crystallization of pure PA 6 and its composites. The Ozawa exponent values in the primary stage were equal to 1.28–3.03 and 1.28–2.97 for PA 6 and its composite with 12 wt % PA 66, respectively, and this revealed that the mechanism of primary crystallization of PA 6 and PA 6/PA 66 was mainly heterogeneous nucleation and growth. All the results indicated that the incorporation of PA 66 into PA 6 at the molecular level retarded the crystallization of PA 6. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 2172–2177, 2005     

褐煤成型的研究

由于褐煤具有含水率高，灰份大，易风化，发热值低等特点，使得成型难度很大．本文重点研究水份粒度、添加剂、成型压力等对褐煤成型的影响．最佳条件：粒度＜１ｍｍ，水份１４～１６％，压力＞５０Ｔｆ，添加剂１０～２０％．     

Synthesis and characterization of side‐chain liquid‐crystalline ionomers containing quaternary ammonium salt groups

A series of thermotropic side‐chain liquid‐crystalline ionomers (LCIs) containing 4‐(4‐alkoxybenzyloxy)‐4′‐allyloxybiphenyl (M) as mesogenic units and allyl triethylammonium bromide (ATAB) as nonmesogenic units were synthesized by graft copolymerization upon polymethylhydrosiloxane. The chemical structures of the polymers were confirmed by IR spectroscopy. DSC was used to measure the thermal properties of these polymers. The mesogenic properties were characterized by polarizing optical microscopy, DSC, and X‐ray diffraction. Homopolymers without ionic groups exhibit smectic and nematic mesophases. The nematic mesophases of the ionomers disappear and the mesomorphic temperature ranges decrease with increasing concentration of ionic units. The influence of the alkoxy chain length on clearing temperature (T_c) values of ionomers clearly shows an odd‐even effect, similar to that of other side‐chain liquid‐crystalline polymers. The mesomorphic temperature ranges increase with increasing alkoxy chain length when the number of alkoxy carbon is over 3. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2879–2886, 2003     

Experimental research on drag reduction by polymer additives in a turbulent pipe flow

In order to investigate the effects of injection position on drag reduction as well as further the effects of polymer additives on turbulent structures, LDA measurements of turbulent pipe flows were conducted. The results show that the amount of drag reduction grows with the increase of the Reynolds number, and injecting the polymer at the centre of pipe is more effective than at the wall. Due to the addition of polymer solution, the axial, radial r.m.s. velocity fluctuations and Reynolds stress decrease over the entire pipe cross‐section, the time auto‐correlation coefficients of axial and radial velocity fluctuation at the centre of pipe decay more slowly, the number of spectrum peaks is decreased, and the peak shifts towards lower wave numbers. The results also reveal that, due to the addition of polymer solution, the large‐scale vortices are enhanced and small‐scale vortices are suppressed.     

基于传声器阵列的机器人声源定位系统

随着计算机技术和信号处理技术的发展,各种具有特殊功能的机器人应用到人们的生产生活中。听觉系统可以弥补机器人视觉系统存在的不足,使机器人在黑暗或有障碍物遮挡的环境中,利用声音信息感知环境中存在的目标,并对其定位,辅助机器人工作,尤其在灾难现场搜救、军事等领域,声源定位系统具有独特的优势。针对机器人声源定位系统进行研究,设计了基于传声器阵列的机器人声源定位系统,采用平面四元传声阵列,利用广义互相关算法,实现对声源的定位,具有较高的实用价值。     

基于粒子群优化算法和RBF神经网络的水质评价方法研究

将粒子群优化算法和RBF神经网络相结合,建立了基于神经网络的水质评价模型,实现了对水质的合理评价。通过采用粒子群优化算法对RBF神经网络的参数进行优化,提高了神经网络的收敛速度和精度,进一步提高了水质评价方法的精确程度。通过与传统的神经网络水质评价方法的对比,验证了本文方法的可靠性和优越性。     

神龙城投资的分析与预测模型及推广

为了反映不同因素对湖南省株洲市神龙城商业圈发展的影响,将人口数量、居民人均可支配收入和商业区的住房成本作为商业圈发展的主要影响因素,并运用层次分析法判断该城市房价的合理性。进一步利用回归分析法,将3个影响因素作为变量,通过商业圈房价的未来走势来预测神龙城商业圈未来的发展。最后借助Matlab软件和有关数据对模型进行了检验,发现预测结果与实际结果比较吻合,有一定的通用性。     

FORMATION OF μ-PHASE AND ITS EFFECT ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CAST NICKEL-BASE SUPERALLOYS

本文研究了铸造镍基高温合金中沉淀的片状μ相,揭示了μ相的形成规律、化学成份、TTT曲线、断裂特征和对力学性能的影响。研究结果表明,μ相的形成温度范围很宽,从800—1140℃。片状μ相的宽面是六方指数的{0001},它沿基体γ的{111}面板出。在760℃以下冲击,拉伸和持久的断裂特征是沿μ相{0001},面解理断裂,电子空位数N_v值不是控制μ相形成的唯一因素,还与(Mo+W)at.-％和Mo(Mo+W)有关。此外,硼也是抑制μ相的有效因素。     

非晶Pd—Cu—Si合金的流变行为

在连续温条件下，测量了非晶Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ合金的应变速率和粘度随温度的变化曲线，在玻璃转变和晶化温区分别观测到伴随玻璃转变和晶化过程的粘度极小值，研究了升温速率对粘度极小值的影响，用结构转变的界晶模型解释了非晶Ｐｄ－Ｃｕ－Ｓｉ合金的粘滞行为。