ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION AND SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION METHOD FOR LARGE COLORECTAL TUMORS

The goal of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is to allow the endoscopist to obtain tissue or resect lesions not previously amenable to standard biopsy or excisional techniques and to remove malignant lesions without open surgery. In this article, we describe the results of conventional EMR and EMR using an insulation‐tipped (IT) electrosurgical knife (submucosal dissection method) for large colorectal mucosal neoplasms and discuss the problems and future prospects of these procedures. At present, conventional EMR is much more feasible than EMR using IT‐knife from the perspectives of time, money, complication, and organ preservation. However, larger lesions tend to be resected in a piecemeal fashion; and it is difficult to confirm whether EMR has been complete. For accurate histopathological assessment of the resected specimen en bloc EMR is desirable although further experience is needed to establish its safety and efficacy. Further improvements of in EMR with special knife techniques are required to simply and safely remove large colorectal neoplasms.     

人多聚免疫球蛋白受体转基因鼠的建立

目的 构建携带有多聚免疫球蛋白受体(pIgR)的转基因鼠，使其能以近乎自然的状态感染EBV，观察EBV在鼻咽部病变过程中的作用。方法 采用角质上皮特异性启动子ED—L2调控的pIgR基因，用显微注射方法将其导入受精卵中，使该基因能在F0代转基因鼠鼻咽部特异性表达。结果 PCR检测F0代pIgR基因阳性率达37．5％(6／16)，Southem杂交F0代pIgR基因阳性率为12．5％(2／16)。结论 表达多聚免疫球蛋白受体的转基因动物有望成为研究EBV病毒致病机制的一种新的动物模型。     

皮下通道型胆囊肝胆管成形术治疗区域性肝胆管结石的中远期疗效观察

目的 观察皮下通道型胆囊肝胆管成形术(STHG)治疗区域性肝胆管结石的中远期疗效。方法 对我院1994年12月-2000年8月期间行STHG手术的31例患者术后并发症进行统计分析。结果 STHG术后并发症发生率低,且并发症种类少。结论 STHG保留了胆囊及Oddi括约肌功能,维持了正常的胃肠道生理结构,能有效防止返流性胆管炎及术后的消化功能紊乱,是一种较为理想的治疗区域性肝胆管结石的术式。     

全凭静脉麻醉老龄大鼠海马tau蛋白磷酸化水平与认知功能的关系

目的 探讨咪唑安定、芬太尼、丙泊酚联用对老龄大鼠认知功能的影响以及这种影响是否与海马tau蛋白磷酸化水平有关.方法 雄性18月龄SD大鼠40只,随机分成全麻组和对照组,每组20只.每组分别于处理后第1和第7天各断头处死10只,HE染色光镜下观察海马神经元结构,免疫组化染色法检测海马tall蛋白Thr231和Ser404位点磷酸化蛋白的表达水平.其中后处死大鼠于处理后第1周行水迷宫实验.结果 处理后第1天,全麻组大鼠寻找平台的时间明显长于对照组(P＜0.01),但第2～7天与对照组比较差异无统计学意义.处理后第1天,全麻组海马tau蛋白Thr231位点的磷酸化水平高于对照组(P＜0.05).第7天,两组Thr231、Ser404位点的磷酸化水平差异无统计学意义.光镜下各组大鼠海马神经元结构未见明显异常.结论 咪唑安定、芬太尼、丙泊酚联用可引起老龄大鼠麻醉后第1天出现短暂的认知功能减退,海马tau蛋白Thr231位点的过度磷酸化可能与其有关.     

邻近小型皮瓣修复手指深度烧伤创面

目的探讨邻近小型皮瓣在手指深度烧伤创面中的应用。方法对32例计54指深度烧伤创面彻底清创后选择不同的邻近小型皮瓣转移修复。结果32例54指皮瓣全部成活,其中2指皮瓣静脉回流欠佳肿胀,5指皮瓣下创面清创不彻底致脓性渗出,1指皮瓣转移后该指末端血供差,术后随访4个月~5年,外观满意,功能、感觉良好。结论本法操作简单,缩短病程,减轻痛苦,疗效满意,只要适应证合适,邻近小型皮瓣是修复手指深度烧伤小创面的好方法。     

血清铁和铁蛋白与肝病患者肝纤维化指标的关系

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship of serum iron and ferritin with the indicators for hepatic fibrosis and hepatic iron overload. METHODS: Liver tissue specimens were obtained from 41 patients with benign (16) or malignant (25) liver diseases by 1 second liver biopsy, and routine microscopic examination was performed after haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Perl's Prussian staining. Atomic absorption spectrum, radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were respectively employed to examine the serum levels of iron, ferritin, hyaluronic acid, laminin, human procollagen type , and collagen type . RESULTS: Between patients with benign and malignant liver diseases, significant differences were found in the serum ferritin levels (P < 0.05), but not in serum iron levels (P > 0.05). It was also noted that the levels of the indicators for hepatic fibrosis in patients with benign and early-stage malignant diseases varied significantly from the levels in normal subjects, but these differences were not observed between normal subjects and patients with end-stage hepatic malignancies. Serum iron and ferritin were found to be associated with serum laminin levels (serum iron: r=0.439, P=0.031; serum ferritin: r=0.476, P=0.016), and no iron granules detected in the tissue specimens of hepatocellular carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma have elevated serum ferritin levels. The serum levels of iron and ferritin are statistically correlated with serum laminin level. Obvious reduction of iron content is typical of hepatic malignant tissues in comparison with the benign tissues, and the reduction in the levels of the indicators for hepatic fibrosis might involve the inhibition of collagen synthesis in the tumor tissues from patients with end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Most of the cases of alcoholic fatty liver are complicated by liver iron overload, often marked by serum iron and ferritin levels.