Effects of diallyl trisulfide on induction of apoptotic death in murine leukemia WEHI‐3 cells in vitro and alterations of the immune responses in normal and leukemic mice in vivo

Diallyl trisulfide (DATS), a chemopreventive dietary constituent and extracted from garlic, has been shown to against cultured many types of human cancer cell liens but the fate of apoptosis in murine leukemia cells in vitro and immune responses in leukemic mice remain elusive. Herein, we clarified the actions of DATS on growth inhibition of murine leukemia WEHI‐3 cells in vitro and used WEHI‐3 cells to generate leukemic mice in vivo, following to investigate the effects of DATS in animal model. In in vitro study, DATS induced apoptosis of WEHI‐3 cells through the G0/G1 phase arrest and induction of caspase‐3 activation. In in vivo study DATS decreased the weight of spleen of leukemia mice but did not affect the spleen weight of normal mice. DATS promoted the immune responses such as promotions of the macrophage phagocytosis and NK cell activities in WEHI‐3 leukemic and normal mice. However, DATS only promotes NK cell activities in normal mice. DATS increases the surface markers of CD11b and Mac‐3 in leukemia mice but only promoted CD3 in normal mice. In conclusion, the present study indicates that DATS induces cell death through induction of apoptosis in mice leukemia WHEI‐3 cells. DATS also promotes immune responses in leukemia and normal mice in vivo. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 1343–1353, 2015.     

厄贝沙坦联合氨氯地平对糖尿病高血压合并高尿酸血症患者降压及降尿酸疗效的Meta分析

目的评价厄贝沙坦联合氨氯地平对糖尿病高血压合并高尿酸血症患者控制血压及血尿酸的效果。方法检索"中国知网""万方数据库""维普数据库"2012年1月至2017年7月的文献,查找厄贝沙坦联合氨氯地平治疗糖尿病高血压合并高尿酸血症患者的随机对照试验的中文文献。提取相关数据并应用Stata13.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入10篇中文文献,共有糖尿病高血压合并高尿酸血症患者1029例,其中联合用药组有477例,厄贝沙坦组244例,氨氯地平组308例。经6个月治疗后,联合用药组的收缩压及尿酸水平均低于单独用药组(均差异有统计学意义,P0.05)。结论厄贝沙坦联合氨氯地平对糖尿病高血压合并高尿酸血症患者的血压及尿酸控制效果是高于单独用药的。     

频率适应性房室延迟单左心室起搏实现心脏再同步化疗效分析及对右心室收缩功能的影响

目的:采用三腔起搏器频率适应性房室延迟(RAAVD)功能,探索通过单左心室起搏实现心脏再同步(CRT)的效果,并评价该方式下右心室的收缩功能。方法:选择慢性心力衰竭患者30例,随机分成单左心室起搏组和双心室起搏组,各15例。植入起搏器后优化两组起搏参数,比较两组患者术前及术后12个月的房室间期(AVD)、QRS时限、左心室射血分数(LVEF)、左心房内径(LAD)、左心室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、二尖瓣反流面积(MRA)、三尖瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)、左心室舒张充盈时间占心动周期的比例(LVFT/RR)、心室间机械延迟时间(IVMD)、前间隔与后壁收缩期轴向应变达峰时间差(SPWMD)的差异,评估频率适应性房室延迟单左心室起搏与传统双心室起搏的疗效,评价心脏再同步化治疗中右心室收缩功能的改变。结果:与术前相比,单左心室起搏组与双心室起搏组患者术后12个月LVEF、TAPSE、LVFT/RR均增大,AVD、QRS时限、LVEDD、MRA、IVMD、SPWMD均减小,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。与双心室起搏组相比,术后单左心室起搏组AVD、TAPSE、LVFT/RR增大(P0.01);QRS时限、程控优化时间缩短(P0.01);起搏器电池预估寿命延长(P0.01);MRA减小(P0.05)。结论:RAAVD单左心室起搏与传统双心室起搏均可改善心衰患者心功能;前者在延长左心室舒张期充盈时间、缩短QRS间期及改善右心室收缩功能方面优于后者,且能缩短程控优化时间、延长起搏器电池寿命。     

Canavanine increases glucose uptake in C2C12 cells through the activation of imidazoline I‐2B receptors

Canavanine is a guanidinium derivative that contains the basic structure of the ligand(s) of imidazoline receptor (I‐R). Canavanine has been reported to activate the imidazoline I‐3 receptor (I‐3R) both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the activation of the imidazoline I‐2B receptor (I‐2BR) by guanidinium derivatives may increase glucose uptake. Therefore, the effect of canavanine on the I‐2BR was investigated in the present study. Glucose uptake into cultured C₂C₁₂ cells was determined using the radio‐ligated tracer 2‐[¹⁴C]‐deoxy‐glucose. The changes in 5′ AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression were also identified using Western blotting analysis. The canavanine‐induced glucose uptake was inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner by BU224 (0.01–1 μmol/L), which is a specific I‐2BR antagonist, in the C₂C₁₂ cells. Additionally, the canavanine‐stimulated AMPK phosphorylation and glucose transporter (GLUT4) expression were also sensitive to BU224 inhibition in the C₂C₁₂ cells. Moreover, both canavanine‐stimulated glucose uptake and AMPK phosphorylation were attenuated by high concentrations of amiloride (1–2 μmol/L), which is another established I‐2BR inhibitor, in a dose‐dependent manner in C₂C₁₂ cells. Additionally, compound C abolished the canavanine‐induced glucose uptake and AMPK phosphorylation at a concentration (0.1 μmol/L) sufficient to inhibit AMPK. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that canavanine has an ability to activate I‐2BR through the AMPK pathway to increase glucose uptake, which indicates I‐2BR as a new target for diabetic therapy.     

Refractory systemic capillary leak syndrome treated with bevacizumab: a case report

Angiogenesis - Systemic capillary leak syndrome (SCLS) is a syndrome caused by many reasons and without a definitive mechanism. The main diagnostic criteria of SCLS are hemoconcentration,...     

中老年人颈动脉内径超声研究1202例

目的　通过观测自然人群颈动脉内径在不同性别和年龄间的表现特征 ,为深入研究动脉硬化和采取早期干预措施提供依据。方法　参照ARIC研究方案采用高分辨率血管超声技术和相关测量软件 ,对 12 0 2例中老年自然人群进行双侧颈动脉近端、远端和窦部各 1cm血管段内径测量 ,包括收缩及舒张内径值 (分别简写为Ds和Dd) ,并计算出每个部位的血管内径差值 (Ds Dd ,简称ΔD)。通过统计学分析 ,比较不同年龄段和性别间的血管内径变化特征。　结果　 1、男女性别间比较 :各年龄段 ,男性Ds和Dd均明显大于女性 (P <0 0 1) ,仅≥ 6 0岁年龄段右侧近端和左侧远端的ΔD ,男性显著大于女性 (P <0 0 5 )。 2、年龄段之间比较 :不论男女各部位Ds和Dd在≥ 6 0岁年龄段均明显大于 <6 0岁年龄段 (P <0 0 1) ,而仅在男性左侧窦部和女性右侧近端的ΔD值在≥ 6 0岁年龄段明显小于 <6 0岁年龄段 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　颈动脉内径在不同性别和年龄段之间存在明显差异 ,其内径波动的绝对值 (ΔD)仅在部分血管测量时存在年龄和性别差异。     

伊贝沙坦抗高血压及逆转左心室肥厚的作用

目的　观察伊贝沙坦降压疗效及其对原发性高血压 ( EH)左心室肥厚 ( L VH)的逆转作用。方法　 5 6例患者口服伊贝沙坦15 0～ 30 0 mg/d,治疗 8周 ,比较治疗前后 2 4h动态血压及左心室重量指数 ( LVMI)。结果　伊贝沙坦可使患者 2 4h平稳降压 ,L V-MI较治疗前减低 ( P<0 .0 1)。结论　伊贝沙坦能有效控制血压 ,对 EH的 LVH有逆转作用。     

Cardiovascular Assessment of Falls in Older People

Falls in older people can be caused by underlying cardiovascular disorders, either because of balance instability in persons with background gait and balance disorders, or because of amnesia for loss of consciousness during unwitnessed syncope. Pertinent investigations include a detailed history, 12-lead electrocardiography, lying and standing blood pressure, carotid sinus massage (CSM), head-up tilt, cardiac electrophysiological tests, and ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate monitoring, which includes external and internal cardiac monitoring. The presence of structural heart disease predicts an underlying cardiac cause. Conversely, the absence of either indicates that neurally mediated etiology is likely. CSM and tilt-table testing should be considered in patients with unexplained and recurrent falls. Holter monitoring over 24 hours has a low diagnostic yield. Early use of an implantable loop recorder may be more cost-effective. A dedicated investigation unit increases the likelihood of achieving positive diagnoses and significantly reduces hospital stay and health expenditure.     

Caregiver- and Child-Reported Anxiety Using an Autism-Specific Measure: Measurement Properties and Correlates of the Anxiety Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC-ASD) in Verbal Young People with ASD

Identifying and measuring anxiety in young people on the autism spectrum can be challenging. The present study investigated the use of the Anxiety Scale for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASC-ASD), a self- and caregiver-rated screening tool in a Singaporean sample of ninety-one verbal autistic youths and their caregivers. Internal consistency ranged from satisfactory to desirable (α?=?.74–.92). Convergent validity with medium-large effect size was established using a structured diagnostic interview, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID). ASC-ASD scores were positively associated with autistic symptoms and response patterns indicated strong endorsement of autism-specific items. The findings are discussed in relation to existing literature on assessment of anxiety in ASD and in light of the study’s strengths and limitations.