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991.
HREM and FEG TEM were emphasized and extensively used to follow the most subtle changes in the structure and composition of ball-milled Cu, Fe-Cu, and thermally decomposed Fe60Cu40. Some significant results are obtained and summarized as follows: HREM shows that the deformation of ball-milled copper proceeds mainly by twinning and shear bands (SBs) formation. The nano-grains formed during ball milling (BM) contain a high density of dislocations. The grain boundaries (GBs) of nanocrystalline (NC) Cu prepared by BM are ordered, curved, and strained, but disordering, lattice distortion, and nanovoids in local regions were frequently observed. Nanoscale composition analysis on mechanically alloyed Fe16Cu84 shows that the average Fe content in both the interior of grains and the GBs is close to the designed composition, which proves that a supersaturated solid solution has really formed. However, the Fe content is rather inhomogeneous between the larger and smaller grains, which infers the inhomogeneous mixing of Fe and Cu during mechanical alloying (MA). NC structure and the mechanical force-enhanced fast diffusion are the reasons of the formation of supersaturated solid solutions in immiscible systems with positive enthalpy of mixing. HREM observations carried out with the thermally decomposed Fe60Cu40 solid solution show that the Nishiyama (N-W) or Kurdyumov-Sachs (K-S) orientation relationships exist between alpha-Fe and Cu. Energy dispersive X-ray spectra (EDXS) results show that the Cu content in these alpha-Fe grains reaches as high as 9.5 at.% even after heating to 1,400 degrees C, which is even higher than the maximum solubility of Cu in gamma-Fe at 1,094 degrees C. 相似文献
992.
CS Chen M Mrksich S Huang GM Whitesides DE Ingber 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,14(3):356-363
The control of cell position and function is a fundamental focus in the development of applications ranging from cellular biosensors to tissue engineering. Using microcontact printing of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiolates on gold, we manufactured substrates that contained micrometer-scale islands of extracellular matrix (ECM) separated by nonadhesive regions such that the pattern of islands determined the distribution and position of bovine and human endothelial cells. In addition, the size and geometry of the islands were shown to control cell shape. Traditional approaches to modulate cell shape, either by attaching suspended cells to microbeads of different sizes or by plating cells on substrates coated with different densities of ECM, suggested that cell shape may play an important role in control of apoptosis as well as growth. Data are presented which show how micropatterned substrates were used to definitively test this hypothesis. Progressively restricting bovine and human endothelial cell extension by culturing cells on smaller and smaller micropatterned adhesive islands regulated a transition from growth to apoptosis on a single continuum of cell spreading, thus confirming the central role of cell shape in cell function. The micropatterning technology is therefore essential not only for construction of biosurface devices but also for the investigation of the fundamental biology of cell-ECM interactions. 相似文献
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本文探讨了碘与淀粉的相互作用以及碘-淀粉显色体系的稳定性。结果表明:在碘量一定时,体系的吸光度随淀粉用量的增大而增大,最后趋向稳定;在淀粉量一定时,体系的吸光度随碘用量的增大而增大,最后亦趋向稳定。碘-淀粉显色体系很不稳定,吸光度随时间呈比较明显的下降趋势,但加入复合表面活性剂可以使显色体系的稳定性大大提高。在上述结果的基础上,我们建立了测定Vc的新方法,此法具有简单、快捷、试剂易得、灵敏度高以及对浑浊试液不必分离即可直接测定等优点。该法的灵敏度为0.25μg/ml,对1μg/ml的Vc试液进行平行测定,10次平行测定结果的相对标准偏差为8.86%,加标回收率为90.5%-93.6%,用于番石榴汁饮料中Vc的测定,结果满意。 相似文献
996.
一种新的时变大系统递阶控制求解方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了一种新的大系统求解方法,利用Taylor级数的性质,将大系统时变递阶控制问题
转化为代数方程的求解问题.该方法简单,易于编成计算机程序.算例表明了它的有效性. 相似文献
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程控电话交换机过电流保护元件用高性能PTC陶瓷的研制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了高性能PTC陶瓷材料制备的基本要点,并以基方固溶体化学组成、原材料选择、复合添加物改性以及特定烧结工艺等方面开展工作,制得了居里温度为90℃左右、室温体积电阻率为30Ω·cm,电阻率突变ρνmax/ρνmin>105、电阻率温度系数α≈15%/℃、耐电压强度≥150V/mm的高性能PTC陶瓷材料。此材料制得的元件能满足程控电话交换机过电流保护的要求。 相似文献