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51.
Stress relaxation in the interface between creep particle and elastic matrix-strengthening mechanism
Y.S. Lee S.T. Kim S.C. Hwang T.J. Batt 《International Journal of Engineering Science》1996,34(15):1789-1810
The effect of a power law creep particle on interface behavior between the particle and elastic matrix is investigated by stress analysis. Using the results obtained through the stress analysis, the forces due to interaction of an applied stress and stress concentration with an edge dislocation are determined. The direct interaction between the edge dislocation and the creeping particle is studied under fully relaxed stress conditions. Through the investigation the following results are derived. Stress relaxation in the interface can be caused by power law creep along or by diffusion, or a combination of both mechanisms. The degree of stress relaxation caused by diffusion can be defined in terms of the relaxation time for both boundary diffusion and volume diffusion. The amount of stress relaxation caused by the power law creep particle is characterized by the quantity 2 which is a function of Γ0 = 2(1/√3)1 + m × (σ∞/2μ)m(σ0/σ∞tm), where m is strain rate hardening exponent, σ∞ is applied stress, μ is the shear modulus, σ0 is the material constant of the power law creep particle, and t is elapsed time. The value 2 = 1.0 corresponds to the fully relaxed condition and 2 = −0.6 corresponds to the initial state. The time to reach a fully relaxed condition is very sensitive to the strain rate exponent, with the smaller m values leading to longer times. The stress state of complete relaxation in the elastic matrix is equivalent to the solution of a void in an elastic matrix superposed on the solution of positive surface traction on the void. This result is identical to that obtained by Srolovitz et al. [Acta. Metall.32, 1979 (1984)]. When the stress is completely relaxed in the particle, all stress components (σr, σθand σrθ) are relaxed, while in the matrix relaxations are observed only for σrand σθ. The critical resolved shear stress and critical stress to climb the dislocation in the neighborhood of the particle exceed the Orowan stress. Also, the particle attracts the dislocation. Therefore the strengthening of a power law creep particle in an elastic matrix is caused by the Orowan mechanism and by attraction of the dislocation. 相似文献
52.
Orderly stimulation of skeletal muscle motor units with tripolarnerve cuff electrode 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Baratta R. Ichie M. Hwang S.K. Solomonow M. 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》1989,36(8):836-843
An electrical nerve stimulation technique, using single tripolar electrode, was shown to be capable of recruiting motor units according to their size, while allowing simultaneous but independent control of firing rate in the active units. Test paradigms consisting of established fundamental physiological concepts of soleus-gastrocnemius architecture, motor units conduction velocity, firing rate behavior of motor units of different sizes, and their susceptibility to fatigue were employed to validate the technique and demonstrate its utility as a basic and applied research tool. 相似文献
53.
A drag-link drive of mechanical presses for precision drawing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
W. M. Hwang Y. C. Hwang S. T. Chiou 《International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture》1995,35(10)
The augmented Lagrange multiplier method has been used to synthesize the dimensions of a drag-link drive of mechanical presses for precision drawing. The objective functions include the maximum normal force on the guide, mean mechanical advantage, variance of the drawing velocity, etc. The constraints include the working velocity for drawing, variance of the working velocity for precision drawing, time ratio, etc. Based on the concept of kinematic coefficients, a method is proposed to provide suitable initial guesses of the optimization. The drag-link drive thus synthesized has performance superior to an existing press for precision drawing. 相似文献
54.
Kang Ji-Hoon Hwang Jinyul Sung Hyung Jin Ryu Hoon 《The Journal of supercomputing》2021,77(9):9597-9614
The Journal of Supercomputing - Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent flows have increasing importance because they not only provide fundamental understanding of turbulent flows but also... 相似文献
55.
Yoon-Sik Tak Seungmin Rho Eenjun Hwang Hanku Lee 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2012,61(1):51-68
Dominant features for the content-based image retrieval usually have high-dimensionality. So far, many researches have been done to index such values to support fast retrieval. Still, many existing indexing schemes are suffering from performance degradation due to the curse of dimensionality problem. As an alternative, heuristic algorithms have been proposed to calculate the answer with ??high probability?? at the cost of accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new hash tree-based indexing structure called tertiary hash tree for indexing high-dimensional feature data. Tertiary hash tree provides several advantages compared to the traditional extendible hash structure in terms of resource usage and search performance. Through extensive experiments, we show that our proposed index structure achieves outstanding performance. 相似文献
56.
Goo-Rak Kwon Chuntao Wang Shiguo Lian Suk-seung Hwang 《Multimedia Tools and Applications》2012,59(3):885-895
In this paper, we propose an advanced partial encryption of watermarking and scrambling using the magnitude information of Modifed Discrete Cosine Transform (MDCT). In MPEG-1/Audio Layer III (MP3), the magnitude and phase information of modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT) coefficients is encrypted. The proposed method uses both watermarking and scrambling, and aims at protecting the contents against eavesdropping and moreover against illegal mass distribution after descrambled. Experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve higher security and less computational complexity by reusing the MDCT coefficients obtained in MP3. 相似文献
57.
Faa‐Jeng Lin Jonq‐Chin Hwang Kuang‐Hsiung Tan Zong‐Han Lu Yung‐Ruei Chang 《Asian journal of control》2012,14(3):768-783
An intelligent control for a stand‐alone doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) system using a proportional‐integral‐derivative neural network (PIDNN) is proposed in this study. This system can be applied as a stand‐alone power supply system or as the emergency power system when the electricity grid fails for all sub‐synchronous, synchronous, and super‐synchronous conditions. The rotor side converter is controlled using field‐oriented control to produce 3‐phase stator voltages with constant magnitude and frequency at different rotor speeds. Moreover, the grid side converter, which is also controlled using field‐oriented control, is primarily implemented to maintain the magnitude of the DC‐link voltage. Furthermore, the intelligent PIDNN controller is proposed for both the rotor and grid side converters to improve the transient and steady‐state responses of the DFIG system for different operating conditions. Both the network structure and online learning algorithm are introduced in detail. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed control scheme is verified through experimentation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society 相似文献
58.
Jeong Won Kim Hee Won Kang Dong-Hwan Hwang Sang Jeong Lee 《International Journal of Control, Automation and Systems》2012,10(3):529-535
A signal tracking method of GNSS receivers for spinning vehicles is proposed in order to eliminate the influence of spinning to the GNSS signal of a vehicle. In the proposed method, a rotation tracking loop is added into the carrier tracking loop of a conventional GNSS receiver. The proposed method was verified through computer simulations and an experiment for live GPS signals. The results show that the proposed method gives an accurate tracking performance. 相似文献
59.
In this paper a hybrid finite element method is applied in evaluation of the stress intensity factors K
I
and K
II
of unidirectional fiber reinforced composites. In order to satisfy the stress singularity at the crack tip a singular super-element based on a modified complementary energy principle is developed. The stress and displacement fields in the super-element are expressed in terms of polynomials of two complex variables 1 and 2 in the transformed -plane. The stiffness matrix of the super-element was determined by using a line integral along the boundary of the super-element. The displacement vector was expressed in terms of the element nodal displacement vector {q} and a properly selected shape function defined along the element boundary.Numerical results for K
I
and K
II
of glass-epoxy and graphite-epoxy unidirectional composites with cracks along the diameter of a circular cut out as well as elliptical cut outs were evaluated
Résumé On applique, dans la présente étude, une méthode d'éléments finis hybrides à l'évaluation des facteurs d'intensité de contrainte KI et KII pour des composites renforcés de fibres unidirectionnelles. Pour tenir compte de la singularité de la contrainte à l'extrémité de la fissure, on développe un super élément singulier en se basant sur un principe modifié d'énergie complémentaire. Les champs de contraintes et de déplacements dans le super-élément sont exprimés sous forme polynormale de deux variables complexes 1, et 2 dans le plan de la transformée. La matrice de rigidité du super élément est, quant à elle, définie en utilisant une intégrale linéaire le long du contour de l'élément. Le vecteur de déplacement est exprimé par un vecteur (9) de déplacement nodal de l'élément, et par une fonction de forme appropriée, définie le long du contour de l'élément.On évalue les résultats numériques pour KI et KII, correspondant à des composites à fibres unidirection-nelles de types verre-epoxy et graphite-epoxy, oú des fissures se situeraient sur le diamètre de découpes circulaires et elliptiques相似文献
60.
Dibyajyoti Pramanik Rahul Mahadev Shelake Jiyeon Park Mi Jung Kim Indeok Hwang Younghoon Park Jae-Yean Kim 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
Tomato is one of the major vegetable crops consumed worldwide. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and fungal Oidium sp. are devastating pathogens causing yellow leaf curl disease and powdery mildew. Such viral and fungal pathogens reduce tomato crop yields and cause substantial economic losses every year. Several commercial tomato varieties include Ty-5 (SlPelo) and Mildew resistance locus o 1 (SlMlo1) locus that carries the susceptibility (S-gene) factors for TYLCV and powdery mildew, respectively. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) is a valuable genome editing tool to develop disease-resistant crop varieties. In this regard, targeting susceptibility factors encoded by the host plant genome instead of the viral genome is a promising approach to achieve pathogen resistance without the need for stable inheritance of CRISPR components. In this study, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was employed to target the SlPelo and SlMlo1 for trait introgression in elite tomato cultivar BN-86 to confer host-mediated immunity against pathogens. SlPelo-knockout lines were successfully generated, carrying the biallelic indel mutations. The pathogen resistance assays in SlPelo mutant lines confirmed the suppressed accumulation of TYLCV and restricted the spread to non-inoculated plant parts. Generated knockout lines for the SlMlo1 showed complete resistance to powdery mildew fungus. Overall, our results demonstrate the efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to introduce targeted mutagenesis for the rapid development of pathogen-resistant varieties in tomato. 相似文献