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451.
    
Femtosecond pulse laser radiation (250 fs, 1030 nm) of alkali and alkaline earth modified soda-lime silicate (SLS) glasses resulted in densification. The degree of density changes depends on pulse energy and glass-network connectivity. Raman spectroscopy study of the high-frequency region (800-1200 cm−1) confirmed that surface densification was the result of interatomic changes in the distribution of silicon-nonbridging oxygen (NBO) bond lengths and Si-O-Si bond angle distribution (BAD). Modifier valency contributes to structural rigidity and the degree of disorder a glass can incur during the deposition of high-energy laser pulses. Varying soda content caused larger shift in the laser modified Q3 band position and width compared to the calcium modified system. Increasing laser fluence was found to affect the position of Q3 Si-O stretching mode as well as the band width, indicating the increased degree of disorder laser pulses induce. These results underscore the role of modifier ions in the laser-induced densification of the SLS glasses.  相似文献   
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Electrolytes (NaCl) and fluid malabsorption cause diarrhea in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Coupled NaCl absorption, mediated by Na+/H+ and Cl/HCO3 exchanges on the intestinal villus cells brush border membrane (BBM), is inhibited in IBD. Arachidonic acid metabolites (AAMs) formed via cyclooxygenase (COX) or lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways are elevated in IBD. However, their effects on NaCl absorption are not known. We treated SAMP1/YitFc (SAMP1) mice, a model of spontaneous ileitis resembling human IBD, with Arachidonyl Trifluoro Methylketone (ATMK, AAM inhibitor), or with piroxicam or MK-886, to inhibit COX or LOX pathways, respectively. Cl/HCO3 exchange, measured as DIDS-sensitive 36Cl uptake, was significantly inhibited in villus cells and BBM vesicles of SAMP1 mice compared to AKR/J controls, an effect reversed by ATMK. Piroxicam, but not MK-886, also reversed the inhibition. Kinetic studies showed that inhibition was secondary to altered Km with no effects on Vmax. Whole cell or BBM protein levels of Down-Regulated in Adenoma (SLC26A3) and putative anion transporter-1 (SLC26A6), the two key BBM Cl/HCO3 exchangers, were unaltered. Thus, inhibition of villus cell Cl/HCO3 exchange by COX pathway AAMs, such as prostaglandins, via reducing the affinity of the exchanger for Cl, and thereby causing NaCl malabsorption, could significantly contribute to IBD-associated diarrhea.  相似文献   
453.
Semiconducting silver selenide telluride (Ag2SeTe) thin films were prepared with different thicknesses onto glass substrates at room temperature using thermal evaporation technique. The structural properties were determined as a function of thickness by X‐ray diffraction exhibiting no preferential orientation along any plane; however, the films are found to have peaks corresponding to mixed phase. The morphology of these films was studied using scanning electron microscope and atomic force microscopy respectively, and is reported. The morphological properties are found to be very sensitive to the thin film thickness. The composition of the films is also estimated using energy dispersive analysis using X‐rays and are also reported.  相似文献   
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We describe the features of intestinal strongyloidiasis in six patients; five of them were immunosuppressed (four on corticosteroids, one with chronic renal failure). Vomiting and diarrhea were the predominant symptoms. Duodenal mucosa on endoscopy varied from normal to severe ulceration. Albendazole 400 mg/day for two weeks was effective. This condition should be considered in immunosuppressed individuals with gastrointestinal symptoms, especially since these symptoms may be mistakenly attributed to the underlying disease.  相似文献   
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Silicon nitride films were deposited by a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique using silane-ammonia as the reactant gas mixture. The influence of the process parameters such as flow ratio of the reactant gases, pressure, substrate temperature, RF power, time of deposition and electrode spacing on the deposition and etch rates were investigated. From the matrix of deposition conditions, the deposition parameters for high quality films applicable to surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology were found. Experimental results on the acoustic loss, reflectivity and velocity dispersion for the fabricated devices are presented  相似文献   
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