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51.
Kavitej Samra Mathun Kuganesan William Smith Anna Kleyman Robert Tidswell Nishkantha Arulkumaran Mervyn Singer Alex Dyson 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(6)
Metabolically active gasotransmitters (nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide) are important signalling molecules that show therapeutic utility in oxidative pathologies. The reduced form of selenium, hydrogen selenide (HSe−/H2Se), shares some characteristics with these molecules. The simple selenide salt, sodium hydroselenide (NaHSe) showed significant metabolic activity, dose-dependently decreasing ex vivo O2 consumption (rat soleus muscle, liver) and transiently inhibiting mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase (liver, heart). Pharmacological manipulation of selenoprotein expression in HepG2 human hepatocytes revealed that the oxidation status of selenium impacts on protein expression; reduced selenide (NaHSe) increased, whereas (oxidized) sodium selenite decreased the abundance of two ubiquitous selenoproteins. An inhibitor of endogenous sulfide production (DL-propargylglycine; PAG) also reduced selenoprotein expression; this was reversed by exogenous NaHSe, but not sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS). NaHSe also conferred cytoprotection against an oxidative challenge (H2O2), and this was associated with an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential. Anesthetized Wistar rats receiving intravenous NaHSe exhibited significant bradycardia, metabolic acidosis and hyperlactataemia. In summary, NaHSe modulates metabolism by inhibition of cytochrome C oxidase. Modification of selenoprotein expression revealed the importance of oxidation status of selenium therapies, with implications for current clinical practice. The utility of NaHSe as a research tool and putative therapeutic is discussed. 相似文献
52.
Lorena Cuenca-Bermejo Elisa Pizzichini Valeria C. Gonalves María Guilln-Díaz Elena Aguilar-Moino Consuelo Snchez-Rodrigo Ana-María Gonzlez-Cuello Emiliano Fernndez-Villalba María Trinidad Herrero 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(9)
The diurnal rodent Octodon degus (O. degus) is considered an attractive natural model for Alzheimer’s disease and other human age-related features. However, it has not been explored so far if the O. degus could be used as a model to study Parkinson’s disease. To test this idea, 10 adult male O. degus were divided into control group and MPTP-intoxicated animals. Motor condition and cognition were examined. Dopaminergic degeneration was studied in the ventral mesencephalon and in the striatum. Neuroinflammation was also evaluated in the ventral mesencephalon, in the striatum and in the dorsal hippocampus. MPTP animals showed significant alterations in motor activity and in visuospatial memory. Postmortem analysis revealed a significant decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral mesencephalon of MPTP animals, although no differences were found in their striatal terminals. We observed a significant increase in neuroinflammatory responses in the mesencephalon, in the striatum and in the hippocampus of MPTP-intoxicated animals. Additionally, changes in the subcellular expression of the calcium-binding protein S100β were found in the astrocytes in the nigrostriatal pathway. These findings prove for the first time that O. degus are sensitive to MPTP intoxication and, therefore, is a suitable model for experimental Parkinsonism in the context of aging. 相似文献
53.
Rafael S. Pinto João P. Serra João C. Barbosa Renato Gonçalves Maria M. Silva Senentxu Lanceros-Méndez Carlos M. Costa 《大分子材料与工程》2021,306(11):2100372
Considering the high levels of materials used in the fields of electronics and energy storage systems, it is increasingly necessary to take into consideration environmental impact. Thus, it is important to develop devices based on environmentally friendlier materials and/or processes, such as additive manufacturing techniques. In this work, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) are prepared by direct-ink-writing (DIW) by varying solvent evaporation temperature and fill density percentage. Different morphologies for both polymers are obtained, including dense films and porous membranes, as well as different electroactive β-phase content, thermal and mechanical properties. The dielectric constant and piezoelectric d33 coefficient for dense films reaches up to 16 at 1 kHz and 4 pC N−1, respectively for PVDF-HFP with a fill density of 80 and a solvent evaporation temperature of 50 °C. Porous structures are developed for battery separator membranes in lithium-ion batteries, with a highest ionic conductivity value of 3.8 mS cm−1 for the PVDF-HFP sample prepared with a fill density of 100 and a solvent evaporation temperature of 25 °C, the sample showing an excellent cycling performance. It is demonstrated that electroactive films and membranes can be prepared by direct-ink writing suitable for sensors/actuators and energy storage systems. 相似文献
54.
Energy minimization studies were carried out for a number of Cu clusters using binary and Gray-coded genetic algorithms along
with real coded differential evolution, and their optimized ground state geometries are presented. The potential energy function
is constructed using a two-body interaction methodology, involving both attractive and repulsive pair-potential terms. The
results obtained through the evolutionary algorithms are compared against those obtained earlier using a Monte Carlo technique. 相似文献
55.
Atar Musa Keskin Hakan Güçlü Yavuzcan H. 《Journal of Coatings Technology and Research》2004,1(3):219-224
The impacts of impregnation and bleaching on the varnish layer hardness of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalist L.) wood were investigated. A number of bleaching combinations {[NaOH−H2O2], [NaOH−Ca(OH)2−H2O2], [NaOH−MgSO4−H2O2] [NaHSO3−H2C2O4], [NaSiO3−H2O2], [KMnO4+NaHSO3+H2O3]} were applied at 18% concentration for bleaching to both impregnated and unimpregnated specimens of Oriental beech wood.
Subsequently, water-based (WB) varnish was coated over the samples and the varnish layer hardness values were determined in
accordance with ASTM D 4366-95.
All of the chemicals used for bleaching reduced the surface hardness. However, after varnish coating, the hardness of most
samples was similar to that of the varnish-coated natural (control) samples. 相似文献
56.
Summary Monomer modified tall oil fatty acid trimethylolethane medium type of phthalic alkyds made by the High Polymer Alkyd Technique
show improved properties in dry time, mar resistance, and flexibility as compared with monomer modified conventional prepared
systems.
Greater hardness, less color degradation, greater resistance to extended periods at high temperature, and alkali and detergent
resistances result from the urea and melamine resin modifications of tall oil fatty acid High Polymer alkyds than is obtained
with similarly modified conventional alkyds. 相似文献
57.
Alex Mayer Enrique R. Vivoni David Kossak Kathleen E. Halvorsen Agustin Robles Morua 《Water Resources Management》2017,31(15):4731-4744
Participatory modeling workshops were held in Sonora, México, with the goal of developing water resources management strategies in a water-stressed basin. A model of the water resources system, consisting of watershed hydrology, water resources infrastructure, and groundwater models, was developed deliberatively in the workshops, along with scenarios of future climate and development. Participants used the final version of the water resources systems model to select management strategies. The performance of the strategies was based on the reliability of meeting current and future demands at a daily time scale over a year’s period. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were developed and administered. The survey questions focused on evaluation of participants’ modeling capacity and the utility and accuracy of the models. The selected water resources strategies and the associated, expected reliability varied widely among participants. Most participants could be clustered into three groups with roughly equal numbers of participants that varied in terms of reliance on expanding infrastructure vs. demand modification; expectations of reliability; and perceptions of social, environmental, and economic impacts. The wide range of strategies chosen and associated reliabilities indicate that there is a substantial degree of uncertainty in how future water resources decisions could be made in the region. The pre- and post-survey results indicate that participants believed their modeling abilities increased and beliefs in the utility of models increased as a result of the workshops. 相似文献
58.
Mickaël Causse Roland Alonso François Vachon Robert Parise Jean-Pierre Orliaguet Sébastien Tremblay 《Ergonomics》2014,57(11):1616-1627
This study aims to determine whether indirect touch device can be used to interact with graphical objects displayed on another screen in an air traffic control (ATC) context. The introduction of such a device likely requires an adaptation of the sensory-motor system. The operator has to simultaneously perform movements on the horizontal plane while assessing them on the vertical plane. Thirty-six right-handed participants performed movement training with either constant or variable practice and with or without visual feedback of the displacement of their actions. Participants then performed a test phase without visual feedback. Performance improved in both practice conditions, but accuracy was higher with visual feedback. During the test phase, movement time was longer for those who had practiced with feedback, suggesting an element of dependency. However, this ‘cost’ of feedback did not extend to movement accuracy. Finally, participants who had received variable training performed better in the test phase, but accuracy was still unsatisfactory. We conclude that continuous visual feedback on the stylus position is necessary if tablets are to be introduced in ATC. 相似文献
59.
Phosphorus modification of ZSM-5 leads to extra framework P5+ and probably incorporation of +3 valence state of P in the framework. The resulting system has increased Brønsted acidity. Theoretical calculations also favour the postulate that phosphorus in +3 valence state can be incorporated into the lattice. 相似文献
60.
Hyun Ju Lim Sung Jun Lee Han Gon Choi Jung Ae Kim Chul Soon Yong Sung Soo Han Seok Kyun Noh Jinho Jang Won Seok Lyoo 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2007,106(5):3268-3272
High‐molecular‐weight atactic poly(vinyl alcohol) (a‐PVA) gels loaded with (R,S)‐2‐(3‐benzoylphenyl)propionic acid (ketoprofen) were prepared from 5, 6, 7, and 8 g/dL solutions of a‐PVA with a number‐average degree of polymerization of 4000 in an ethylene glycol/water mixture with an aging method to identify the effect of the initial polymer concentration on the swelling behavior, morphology, and thermal properties of a‐PVA gels. Then, the release behavior of ketoprofen from a‐PVA gels was investigated. As the polymer concentration decreased, the ability for network formation decreased, and the degree of swelling of the a‐PVA gels increased. In addition, the enthalpy increased with an increase in the a‐PVA concentration, but the melting temperatures of the gels prepared at different initial polymer concentrations were the same; this indicated that tighter gel networks would be formed by a higher polymer chain density. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 相似文献