An intelligent diagnosis system for diabetes on Linear Discriminant Analysis and Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System: LDA-ANFIS

In this study, an intelligent diagnosis system for diabetes on Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Adaptive Network Based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS): LDA-ANFIS is presented. The structure of this LDA-ANFIS intelligent system for diagnosis of diabetes is composed by two phases: The Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) phase and classificiation by using ANFIS classifier phase. In first phase, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) is used to separate features variables between healthy and patient (diabetes) data. In second phase, the healthy and patient (diabetes) features obtained in first phase are given to inputs of ANFIS classifier. The correct diagnosis performance of the LDA-ANFIS intelligent system is calculated by using sensitivity and specificity analysis, classification accuracy and confusion matrix respectively. The classification accuracy of this LDA-ANFIS intelligent system was obtained about 84.61%.     

On thermal imaging application to control burning processes

A method of estimating the flame boundaries and structure is suggested on the basis of processing the thermal imaging films. The obtained sequences of thermal images represent digital matrices used to form three-dimensional arrays. The boundaries are estimated according to dispersion of temperature changes at each point of the image; the structure is identified based on characteristic frequency evaluated through fast Fourier transformation.     

Controlling phosphonic acid substitution degree on proton conducting polyphosphazenes

This paper is to describe the development of a synthetic strategy for the preparation of phosphonic acid functionalized poly(aryloxyphosphazene) membranes with different substitution degree of phosphonic acid. Synthesized polymers have been characterized by standard spectroscopic techniques; FT-IR, ¹H, ³¹P and ¹⁹F NMR and element analysis. Proton conductivities of phosphonic acid substituted polymers have been investigated with impedance spectroscopy at different temperatures. Furthermore, the correlations of the proton conductivity and ion exchange capacity with the substitution degree of phosphonic acid have also been investigated. Thermal properties and water uptake properties of the polymers are also investigated. It is found that the proton conductivity and initial decomposition temperature of the polymers increases up to an appropriate amount of phosphonic acid substitution degree, which can be a useful PEM candidate for fuel cells.     

Automatic hepatitis diagnosis system based on Linear Discriminant Analysis and Adaptive Network based on Fuzzy Inference System

In this paper, an automatic diagnosis system based on Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Adaptive Network based on Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) for hepatitis diseases is introduced. This automatic diagnosis system deals with the combination of feature extraction and classification. This automatic hepatitis diagnosis system has two stages, which feature extraction – reduction and classification stages. In the feature extraction – reduction stage, the hepatitis features were obtained from UCI Repository of Machine Learning Databases. Then, the number of these features was reduced to 8 from 19 by using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). In the classification stage, these reduced features are given to inputs ANFIS classifier. The correct diagnosis performance of the LDA-ANFIS automatic diagnosis system for hepatitis disease is estimated by using classification accuracy, sensitivity and specificity analysis, respectively. The classification accuracy of this LDA-ANFIS automatic diagnosis system for the diagnosis of hepatitis disease was obtained in about 94.16%.     

Automated microfluidic processing platform for multiplexed magnetic bead immunoassays

A microfluidic platform is presented which fully automates all incubation steps of a three-stage, multiplexed magnetic bead immunoassay, such as the Luminex^? xMAP technology. Magnetic actuation is used to transfer the microbeads between co-infused adjacent laminar flow streams to transport the beads into and out of incubation and wash solutions, with extended incubation channels to allow sufficient bead incubation times (1–30?min, commonly 5?min per stage) to enable high-sensitivity. The serial incubation steps of the immunoassay are completed in succession within the device with no operator interaction, and the continuous flow operation with magnetic bead transfer defines the incubation sequencing requiring no external fluidic controls beyond syringe pump infusion. The binding kinetics of the assay is empirically characterized to determine the required incubation times for specific assay sensitivities in the range 1?pg/ml to 100?ng/ml. By using a Luminex^? xMAP duplex assay, concurrent detection of IL-6 and TNF-α was demonstrated on-chip with a detection range 10?pg/ml to 1?ng/ml. This technology enables rapid automation of magnetic microbead assays, and has the potential to perform continuous concentration monitoring.     

Effect of synthesis parameters on the electrical conductivity of polypyrrole‐coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics

The effects of pyrrole, anthraquinone‐2‐sulphonic acid (AQSA) and iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃) concentrations, reaction time and temperature on the electrical conductivity of polypyrrole (PPy)—coated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fabrics were investigated. With an increase in both the AQSA and FeCl₃ concentrations, resistivity decreased to a point beyond which higher concentrations led to increased surface resistivity. Erosion of the polymer coating, in dynamic synthesis from continual abrasion, manifested as an exponential increase in the resistance of the coated textile substrate. This was not encountered in static synthesis conditions. Temperature affected the degree of surface and bulk polymerisation. The effect of polymerisation temperature on conductivity was negligible. Conductive polymer coating on textiles through chemical polymerisation enabled a smooth coherent film to encase individual fibres, which did not affect the tactile properties of the host substrate. The optimum FeCl₃/pyrrole and AQSA FeCl₃/pyrrole molar ratios were found to be 2.22 and 0.40 respectively. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Comparison of effective doses from various monoenergetic particles based on the stylised and the VIP-Man tomographic models

This study compares the effective doses from a MIRD-type stylised model with those derived from the scaled-down version of the tomographic VIP-Man model for photon, electron, neutron and proton beams. The effective dose results from these two models show that they differ from each other within approximately 10% for common high-energy photon beams, within approximately 16% for neutrons, and within approximately 4% for high-energy proton beams. However, for low-energy protons and common electron beams, the effective doses can be different in >100%. It is concluded that the use of a single tomographic models will not improve the operational radiation protection dosimetry involving external beam exposures.     

Thermoluminescence properties of irradiated chickpea and corn

A study was carried out to establish a detection method for irradiated chickpea and corn by thermoluminescence (TL) method. The leguminous were packed in polyethylene bags and then the packets were irradiated at room temperature at different doses by ⁶⁰Co gamma source at 1, 4, 8 and 10 kGy. Minerals extracted from the leguminous were deposited onto a clean aluminum disc and TL intensities of the minerals were measured by TL. It was observed that the extracted samples from both leguminous exhibit good TL Intensity and the TL intensity of glow curves of them increased proportionally to irradiation doses. The TL glow curve of both irradiated leguminous presents a single broad peak below 400 °C. The TL trapping parameters glow peaks were estimated by the additive dose (AD), T_m(E_a)-T_stop and computerized glow curve deconvolution (CGCD) methods. The fading characteristics of glow curves were also recorded up to 6 months.     

Jaya algorithm-based energy management system for battery- and ultracapacitor-powered ultralight electric vehicle

To improve the driving performance of the electric vehicles, batteries or ultracapacitors (UCs) are frequently preferred in the energizing systems. In hybrid structures with multiple supply sources, an energy management system (EMS) is needed to improve the system efficiency, and to provide the optimum power sharing between a battery and a UC. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the Jaya optimization method for the urban use of the EMS of an ultralight electric vehicle powered by battery/UC. The performance of the proposed method is compared with dynamic programming (DP) that is one of the global optimization methods and particle swarm optimization (PSO) that is one of the other heuristic methods for real-time applications. The simulation results show that Jaya-EMS approached 3.1% to the DP, which yields the optimum result with respect to the total energy loss. In addition, the proposed method yields a loss of less than 1.9% from the PSO-EMS. If all the above situations are considered, the proposed EMS method has less lossy alternative solution for the real-time applications.     

An insight into smartphone-based assistive solutions for visually impaired and blind people: issues,challenges and opportunities

Universal Access in the Information Society - Blind people are confronting a number of challenges in performing activities of daily life such as reading labels on a product, identification of...