全文获取类型
收费全文 | 58603篇 |
免费 | 3993篇 |
国内免费 | 116篇 |
学科分类
医药卫生 | 62712篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 291篇 |
2022年 | 272篇 |
2021年 | 1062篇 |
2020年 | 719篇 |
2019年 | 1096篇 |
2018年 | 1263篇 |
2017年 | 1017篇 |
2016年 | 1097篇 |
2015年 | 1285篇 |
2014年 | 1771篇 |
2013年 | 2834篇 |
2012年 | 4051篇 |
2011年 | 4380篇 |
2010年 | 2439篇 |
2009年 | 2194篇 |
2008年 | 3970篇 |
2007年 | 4221篇 |
2006年 | 4078篇 |
2005年 | 4218篇 |
2004年 | 3991篇 |
2003年 | 3748篇 |
2002年 | 3463篇 |
2001年 | 589篇 |
2000年 | 488篇 |
1999年 | 567篇 |
1998年 | 733篇 |
1997年 | 648篇 |
1996年 | 527篇 |
1995年 | 504篇 |
1994年 | 459篇 |
1993年 | 371篇 |
1992年 | 342篇 |
1991年 | 307篇 |
1990年 | 269篇 |
1989年 | 288篇 |
1988年 | 260篇 |
1987年 | 239篇 |
1986年 | 237篇 |
1985年 | 237篇 |
1984年 | 239篇 |
1983年 | 220篇 |
1982年 | 253篇 |
1981年 | 229篇 |
1980年 | 170篇 |
1979年 | 135篇 |
1978年 | 149篇 |
1977年 | 82篇 |
1976年 | 84篇 |
1974年 | 104篇 |
1973年 | 75篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
132.
Background: Although managed care organizations (MCOs) may be optimal settings for implementing tobacco use cessation clinical guidelines,
such guidelines remain poorly implemented in many MCO settings.Purpose: We examined issues related to the implementation of guidelines in MCOs, to provide examples of studies that have addressed
issues related to guideline implementation and to suggest ways behavioral medicine researchers can play a role in examining
issues of how guidelines can be better implemented.Methods: Surveys of clinical guideline implementation, studies from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation addressing tobacco use cessation
in a managed care database, selected to illustrate issues related to system-wide implementation.Results: Surveys show that effective tobacco use cessation interventions remain underutilized in MCOs. A few studies have evaluated
and shown the benefit of insurance coverage for tobacco use and dependence treatments, clinician reimbursement and leadership
incentives, practice feedback, and leveraging administrative data to create tobacco use tracking systems. The studies also
point to the need for large-scale, multidisciplinary, methodologically rigorous studies that allow one to isolate the effects
of promising strategies as well as to explore synergistic effects as different system changes are combined.Conclusions: Tobacco use cessation guidelines need to be better implemented in MCOs. Behavioral medicine research needs to move beyond
treatment efficacy and effectiveness studies to focus on rigorous evaluations of these and other strategies to enhance guideline
implementation and dissemination.
This research was supported by grants from the Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program (Taylor) and from the Robert Wood
Johnson Foundation (Taylor and Curry). 相似文献
133.
134.
135.
136.
Pamela E. B. Rodgers-Johnson Frederick W. Hickling Aggrey Irons Bruce K. Johnson Maureen Irons-Morgan Gary A. Stone Clarence J. Gibbs 《Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN》1996,28(1-3):237-243
Reports of an 18-fold higher incidence of schizophrenia among second-generation Afro-Caribbeans, and especially Jamaican migrants
in the United Kingdom were soon called “an epidemic of schizophrenia,” with the inference that a novel virus, likely to be
perinatally transmitted, was a possible etiological agent. This intriguing observation led us to explore a possible link with
human T-cell lymphotropic virus type one (HTLV-I), because it is a virus that is endemic in the Caribbean Islands, is perinatally
transmitted, known to be neuropathogenic, and the cause of a chronic myelopathy (tropical spastic paraparesis/ HTLV-I associated
myelopathy). We therefore examined inpatients at the Bellevue Mental Hospital, Kingston, Jamaica and did standard serological
tests for retroviruses HTLV-I and HTLV-II and HIV-I and HIV-II on 201 inpatients who fulfilled ICD-9 and DSM III-R criteria
for schizophrenia. Our results produced important negative data, since the seropositivity rates for HTLV-I, the most likely
pathogen, were no greater than the seropositivity range for HTLV-I carriers in this island population, indicating that HTLV-I
and the other retroviruses tested do not play a primary etiological role in Jamaican schizophrenics. 相似文献
137.
Fungal infections in cancer patients: An international autopsy survey 总被引:33,自引:0,他引:33
G. Bodey B. Bueltmann W. Duguid D. Gibbs H. Hanak M. Hotchi G. Mall P. Martino F. Meunier S. Milliken S. Naoe M. Okudaira D. Scevola J. van't Wout 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》1992,11(2):99-109
In an attempt to estimate the frequency of fungal infections among cancer patients, a survey of autopsy examinations was conducted in multiple institutions in Europe, Japan and Canada. Fungal infections were identified most often in leukemic patients and transplant recipients (25 % each). Fifty-eight percent of fungal infections were caused byCandida spp. and 30 % byAspergillus spp. There was considerable variability in the frequency of fungal infections in different countries. Nevertheless, this study clearly demonstrates that fungal infections represent a common complication in cancer patients, especially in patients with leukemia. 相似文献
138.
Giedd Jay N.; Snell John W.; Lange Nicholas; Rajapakse Jagath C.; Casey B. J.; Kozuch Patricia L.; Vaituzis A. Catherine; Vauss Yolanda C.; Hamburger Susan D.; Kaysen Debra; Rapoport Judith L. 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1996,6(4):551-559
Brain magnetic resonance images (MRI) of 104 healthy childrenand adolescents, aged 418, showed significant effectsof age and gender on brain morphometry. Males had larger cerebral(9%) and cerebellar (8%) volumes (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.008.respectively), which remained significant even after correctionfor height and weight After adjusting for cerebral size, theputamen and globus pallidus remained larger in males, whilerelative caudate size was larger in females. Neither cerebralnor cerebellar volume changed significantly across this agerange. Lateral ventricular volume increased significantly inmales (trend for females), with males showing an increase inslope after age 11. In males only, caudate and putamen decreasedwith age (P = 0.007 and 0.05, respectively). The left lateralventricles and putamen were significantly greater than the rightP = 0.01 and 0.0001, respectively). In contrast, the cerebralhemispheres and caudate showed a highly consistent right greater-than-leftasymmetry (P < 0.0001 for both). All volumes demonstrateda high degree of variability. These findings highlight gender-specificmaturational changes of the developing brain and the need forlarge gender-matched samples in pediatric neuropsychiatric studies. 相似文献
139.
Critical care nurses, ethical decision-making and stress 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Considerable attention has focused on describing ethical issues that critical care nurses face in their practice; however, less attention has been directed at describing the process of ethical decision-making. Systematic research linking aspects of ethical-decision making and stress is lacking. This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between selected aspects of ethical decision-making, stress and selected nurse characteristics. Sixty-one critical care nurses completed the Nurse's Ethical Decision Making—ICU Questionnaire and the Health Professions Stress Inventory. Findings revealed that nurses who selected the patient advocacy model had significantly higher nurse autonomy scores, that perceived anxiety had a negative association with nurse autonomy, and that workplace restrictions and stress were related. 相似文献
140.
In this study, ethnographic interviews were used to identify first-time fathers' experiences of the birth of their first child. Fourteen fathers were interviewed, and prenatal expectations of the experience are compared with the fathers' perceptions after the birth. Although the fathers expected to be treated as part of a laboring couple, they found that they were relegated to a supporting role. Initially the fathers were confident of their ability to support their wives, but they found that labor was more work than they had anticipated. They became fearful of the outcome, but hid these fears from their partners. Later, they found that their focus moved from their wives to their babies at the time of birth. The men all completed the experience with an enhanced respect for their wives. Fathers should be included in labor management plans and need support for their role as coach, particularly when their wives experience pain. They also need to be encouraged to eat and take a break from their wives' labor when appropriate. 相似文献