组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥修复兔股骨远端骨缺损的评价

背景：磷酸钙骨水泥是一种良好的骨移植替代材料,具有优异的组织相容性和骨引导性能。但是骨诱导性能不佳限制了其广泛应用。本研究目的是评价具有骨诱导活性的组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥修复骨缺损的效果,并观察了种子细胞在体内的增殖、分化和转归情况。 方法：通过将微囊化rhBMP-2基因修饰的骨髓间充质干细胞种植入磷酸钙骨水泥中来制备组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥。rhBMP-2基因修饰的骨髓间充质干细胞可以共表达绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）与重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2（rhBMP-2）。制备兔双侧股骨髁骨缺损模型,将组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥随机植入一侧骨缺损中,单纯磷酸钙骨水泥植入对侧骨缺损中,做自身对照。12w后取材,进行X线片检查、组织形态学观察、骨计量学评价和种子细胞体内示踪观察。 结果：X线片显示两种骨水泥对骨缺损填充良好,组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥吸收速度和新骨形成速度较快。组织学观察与骨计量学评价结果示组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥被分解成无数个小块,可以看到活动动性骨吸收和骨重建现象,单纯骨水泥组中残余骨水泥面积相对较大。体内示踪结果显示,术后12w组织工程化磷酸钙骨水泥组中仍有大量的细胞同时表达GFP和rhBMP-2,这些细胞不仅分布于髓腔中,也分布于骨表面。 结论：组织工程化磷酸骨水泥可以有效地修复骨缺损,同种异体移植种子细胞可以在体内存活并分化。     

托烷司琼联合地塞米松对甲状腺术后恶心呕吐的预防作用

目的:探讨托烷司琼联合地塞米松对甲状腺术后恶心呕吐(PONV)的预防效果。方法:将90例择期行甲状腺手术患者随机分为三组,托烷司琼联合地塞米松(D)组、托烷司琼(T)组及生理盐水(S)组。麻醉诱导前D组静脉注射地塞米松10 mg。手术结束前10 min,D、T组分别静脉注射托烷司琼5 mg,S组静脉注射生理盐水5 mL。观察和记录术后0~12 h,12~24 h,24~48 h内各组发生恶心呕吐的患者数。结果:三组患者恶心的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。D组和T组恶心伴呕吐的发生率明显低于S组(P<0.05),D组恶心伴呕吐发生率明显低于T组(P<0.05)。结论:托烷司琼联合地塞米松防治甲状腺术后恶心呕吐效果明显优于单用托烷司琼。     

上海市虹口区小型娱乐场所暗娼人群艾滋病综合干预效果评价

目的评价在小型娱乐场所暗娼人群中开展预防艾滋病综合干预措施的效果。方法在上海市虹口区选择G和X街道小型娱乐场所,对G街道娱乐场所的暗娼实施面对面宣传、安全套推广使用、医疗转介等综合性干预措施,对X街道的暗娼采用常规宣传干预措施。通过问卷调查和血清学检测,对干预前后两条街道暗娼的艾滋病防治知识、态度及行为进行评估。结果干预前共有244人接受基线调查,其中G街道131人,X街道113人。干预后共有360人接受评估,其中G街道197人,X街道163人。干预后G街道艾滋病防治知晓率78.17%(154/197),最近一次性行为安全套使用率42.13%(83/197),综合性医院或妇女保健所就医选择率91.37%(180/197),均明显高于X街道(P<0.05);近一月与客人性行为时安全套从不使用率(43.15%)显著低于X街道66.87%(P<0.05);两街道HIV及梅毒感染率无显著差异。结论综合干预效果在艾滋病防治的知信行方面明显优于常规宣传,但对降低艾滋病性病发病效果方面的作用需要做进一步的研究。     

碘过量和甲状腺球蛋白免疫诱发NOD小鼠甲状腺炎的病变特征

Objective To observe the pathological characteristics of thyroiditis induced by iodine excess and thyroglobulin (Tg) immunization and to explore the mechanism of thyroiditis induced by iodine excess. Methods NOD mice were used for intaking 0.05% Nal water and(or) Tg immunization. Morphologic change in thyroid and apoptosis were observed. The levels of serum TT4, TSH, thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) were measured. Responding to Tg, lymphocytic proliferation of lymph node and spleen, interleukin-4(IL-4)and γ-interferon(IFN-γ) levels in culture medium of splenocytes were detected. Real-time PCR Was used to detect mRNA expressions of IL-4, IFN-γ, chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) and intercellular adhesion molecular-1(ICAM-1) in thyroid. Results Distended thyroid follicles,colloid accumulation, intense lymphocytic infiltration and disorganization were seen in thyroid of iodine excess group, along with increased apoptosis of thyroid cells(34.66～ 2.78 vs 5.11±0.62 ,P<0.01). The levels of TT4 were lowered while TSH raised ,but no production of thyroid-specific autoantibodies was revealed. Lymph node and spleen cells showed positive respornse under stimulation of Tg. The level of IFN-γ[(1. 272±0.049 vs 1. 139±0. 025)ng/L,P<0. 01] was raised in culture medium of splenocytes but not IL-4. The expression of IFN-γ, CXCLI0 and ICAM-1 mRNA were increased in thyroid. But in Tg group, some lymphocytes were scattered in thyroid, autoantibodies emerged ,and the level of IL-4 was increased in cuhure medium of splenocytes[(18. 508±0. 113 vs 13. 368±0. 016)ng/L, P<0. 01]. ledine excess combined with Tg enhanced these inflammatory reaction. Conclusion Iodine excess induced thyroiditis in NOD mice. The process seems to be Th1 response dominant organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Iodine excess and Tg immunizatiou play a synergistic role in inducing experimental autoimmune thyroiditis.     

中西药结合治疗外阴阴道念珠菌病46例

外阴阴道念珠菌病是皮肤科常见病之一 ,笔者自 2 0 0 0年以来采用中西药结合治疗外阴阴道念珠菌病 ,疗效显著 ,现报道如下。1　临床资料80例患者均来自我科门诊 ,均具有典型的临床症状和体征。经真菌培养 ,证实为真菌感染。随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组 46例 ,年龄 2 6岁～ 48岁 ;病程 6个月～ 4 5浕?哉兆? 4例 ,年龄 2 4岁～ 49岁 ;病程 3个月～ 5浕阶榛颊吣炅洹⒉〕滔嗨?,差异无显著意义 (P >0 0 5 ) ,具有可比性。2　治疗方法2 1　治疗组　白藓皮 10 g ,刺蒺藜 10g ,苦参 15 g ,花椒 2 g ,百部 15 g ,地肤子 2 0g ,蛇床子 2 0 g …     

碘过量对NOD和Balb/c鼠甲状腺TRAIL和TRAIL-sR1表达的影响

Objective To investigate the influence of iodine excess on expression of TRAIl/TRAIL-sR1 in NOD and Balb/c mice and to study the effect of TRAIl/TRAIL-sR1 on the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis(EAT). Methods Both Balb/c and NOD mice were divided randomly into control and iodine excess group by feeding with water containing no NaI or 0.05% Nal. The mice were sacrificed after 8 weeks. TRAIL and TRAIL-sR1 mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. The function, morphology and apoptosis of thyroids were also observed by ELISA and Tunnel stain. Results Treated by HI, enlarged follicles and flattened epithelium by accumulation of colloid were found in thyroids of both NOD and Balb/c mice. But significant lymphoid cell infiltration and local fibrosis were only found in thyroids of NOD HI group. The relative weight of thyroids of NOD mice in HI group[(104.8±14.5)mg/kg]was heavier than that of control group [(71.8±20.4)mg/kg]. The level of TT4 declined in HI group[(30.77±3.59)mmol/L]compared with control group[(36.43±2.66)mmol/L], meanwhile, the level of TSH was higher in HI group[(6.98±0.66)μg/L]than that in control group [(5.55±0.56)μg/L]. The difference being statistically significant(t=7.773,-9.526,-4.458, all P < 0.05). The relative weight of thyroids of Balb/c mice of HI group[(155.8±20.8)mg/kg]also heavier than that of control group [(105.1±22.0) mg/kg]. The level of TT4 droped in HI group [(19.75±3.32) mmoL/L]was higher than that in control group[(23.46±6.21)mmoL/L], the level of TSH in HI group[(4.14±1.71)μg/L]was higher than that in control group[(3.55±1.41)μg/L], the difference being statistically significant(t=7.554,-7.239,3.140, all P< 0.05). A great deal of apoptotie ceils observed in NOD (3.97±0.91) and Balb/c mice (1.05±0.45) by Tunnel stain were greater than control groups (0.21±0.15, 0.10±0.03), the difference being statistically significant in beth of the two species(t=-7.167,-17.772, both P < 0.05). The apoptosis index of thyroid follicular epithelium in NOD was obviously higher than Balb/c(t=-7.625, P<0.05). The level of TRAIL mRNA did not remarkably change in Balb/c between control group(0.000 59±0.000 39) and HI group(0.001 24±0.000 46, t=-1.940, P>0.05), but it increased apparently in NOD mice HI group(0.018 88±0.005 77) than that of control group(0.009 61± 0.00591, t=-2.71, P<0.05). The level of the expression of TRAIL-sR1 mRNA increased in HI groups of NOD (0.000 53±0.000 15) and Balb/c mice(0.000 42±0.000 09) than that in control groups of NOD(0.000 28± 0.000 05) and Balb/c mice (0.000 17±0.000 06) and the differences were statistically significant between the two species(t=3.050,3.990, all P<0.05). The differences of the expression of TRAIL and TRAIL-sR1 mRNA between the two species were significant(t=-3.37,-4.76, all P<0.05). Conclusions Iodine excess induces colloid goiter in beth species of mice and thyroiditis in NOD mice. The increase of TRAIL and TRAIL-sR1 influenced by iodine excess is one of the molecular bases of follicular epithelium apoptosis and inflammation in thyroids. Genetic factor is a key factor in the pathogenesis of thyroiditis.     

生精育子丸Ⅰ号治疗男性不育精液异常疗效观察

目的:观察生精育子丸1号治疗男性不育症的临床疗效及其对精子参数水平的影响。方法:将252例患者随机分为两组,治疗组162例,用生精育子丸1号治疗;对照组90例用五子衍宗丸治疗。1个月为1个疗程,两组总疗程均为3个月。结果:治疗组精液量、液化时间、精子密度、精子活动率等指标均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:生精育子丸1号可明显改善男性不育症患者的精子参数,提高临床疗效。