Effect of film thickness on hydrogen content in a-Si : H

The hydrogen content, its depth distribution, and its bonding configuration have been studied in hydrogenated amorphous silicon prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition with hydrogen-diluted silane. Nuclear reaction analysis and infrared spectroscopy were used to determine the total amount of hydrogen and its bonded component, respectively. It has been established that the total concentration of hydrogen does not depend on the film thickness, and has a uniform depth profile. The concentration of bonded hydrogen changes with the film thickness within the measurement accuracy. The data obtained suggest the presence of molecular (non-bonded) hydrogen, uniformly distributed in concentration across the film thickness.     

Lateral ion implant straggle and mask proximity effect

Lateral scattering of retrograde well implants is shown to have an effect on the threshold voltage of nearby devices. The threshold voltage of both NMOSFETs and PMOSFETs increases in magnitude for conventional retrograde wells, but for triple-well isolated NMOSFETs the threshold voltage decreases for narrow devices near the edge of the well. Electrical data, SIMS, and SUPREM4 simulations are shown that elucidate the phenomenon.     

The effect of ionic cross-links on the deformation behavior of homoblends made of poly(styrene-co-styrenesulfonic acid) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine)

Deformation behavior of stoichiometric blends made from poly(styrene-co-styrenesulfonic acid) (SPS) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine) (SVP) was investigated by TEM observation of strained thin films. An FTIR investigation revealed that ionic cross-links were formed between the component polymers upon blending due to intermolecular ion-ion interactions, which arose from proton transfer from sulfonic acid groups to pyridine groups. TEM observations indicate that the deformation mode of the blends changed from crazing only to crazing plus shear deformation, with the shear contribution becoming larger, as the ion content in the blends increased. Such changes in deformation mode can be understood as arising from an increase in the ‘effective’ strand density due to the formation of ionic cross-links upon blending. It was also found that the ionic cross-links via pyridinium cation/sulfonate anion ion pairs were more effective in inducing the transition of deformation mode than ionic cross-links via -SO₃⁻/Na⁺ or -SO₃⁻/Ca²⁺ ion pairs.     

经有机交联剂活化的低相对分子质量聚合物在墨西哥湾南部水波及矿场的应用

墨西哥南部地区面临的挑战之一是水管理.油流中的水增加了其处理费用,导致结垢,降低了采油量,最终关井(与修井费用有关).甚至当产层中仍然含有大量可采油气时,也常常将这些层废弃以避免产水.虽然天然裂缝对油流有积极的作用,但它们也促进了由锥进效应或油气产层和其上或下层段之间的高渗透薄夹层引起的水或气的流动.如果这些油层产水,就会很快影响其生产能力.另一个必须解决的问题是:边水通过断层、天然裂缝等流动引起的早期水突破.本文将讨论墨西哥南部使用经有机交联剂活化的低相对分子质量聚合物的实例,介绍候选对象的选择过程、总体作业设计、实验室试验结果等,以及在这一地区进行的降低产水量处理.实例中包括衰竭、高度裂缝性油藏.     

高分辨率阵列感应测井仪在河南油田的应用

文章介绍了美国Baker-Atlas公司研制生产的高分辨率阵列感应成像测井仪（HDIL）,简述了该仪器的工作原理和技术性能指标及主要应用范围,并介绍了高分辨率阵列感应测井（HDIL）资料在河南南阳油田的具体应用实例.     

番禺30-1砂岩强水驱气藏储层非均质性研究

针对垂向非均质性严重且边底水能量强的番禺30-1气田面临的潜在开发问题，通过岩心分析及测井二次解释，对其夹层特征及储层非均质性等进行了研究，划分出19个流动单元并定量描述了各流动单元的特征参数，建立了该气田的精细地质模型。综合评价表明，新建的地质模型具有较高的精度，为该气藏合理开发提供了坚实的地质基础。     

涡轮搅拌桨反应器混合过程的数值计算

利用CFD方法计算单层涡轮反应器搅拌槽内流体混合过程的速度场和浓度场,研究物料在搅拌槽内的混合过程,以及不同监测点对混合时间的影响。结果表明,搅拌槽内物料的混合主要受槽内流体的流动形式所影响;混合时间的长短与监测点位置有关;在搅拌桨的桨叶附近进行监测所得到的混合时间较短,在液面附近进行监测所得的混合时间较长。在实际生产和试验中,应注意对监测点位置的选取。     

丙烯腈装置回收塔内聚合物生成原因的分析

针对丙烯腈生产过程中回收塔内聚合物堵塞降液管造成回收塔运行周期短的问题,通过对丙烯腈回收塔内各组分分布的模拟计算,直观显示了回收塔内各组分的浓度分布,发现了回收塔的聚合段与丙烯醛的富集段相吻合的现象,初步得出了回收塔内局部聚合的原因;通过对塔内聚合物的特性分析和评判,进一步证实了“回收塔内局部聚合严重是由于在聚合段丙烯醛聚集引起”这一现象;根据模拟计算结果和实际运行经验,提出了预防聚合物堵塞降液管的措施,并进行了部分生产验证,为丙烯腈生产企业延长装置运行周期提供了理论指导。     

Reducing CIC filter complexity

This paper provides several tricks to reduce the complexity and enhance the usefulness of cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) filters. The first trick shows a way to reduce the number of adders and delay elements in a multi-stage CIC interpolation filter. The result is a multiplierless scheme that performs high-order linear interpolation using CIC filters. The second trick shows a way to eliminate the integrators from CIC decimation filters. The benefit is the elimination of unpleasant data word growth problems.     

Degree-of-polarization and eye-closure penalty associated with optical signals with orthogonal polarizations

We perform a systematic measurement of the degree-of-polarization (DOP) and eye-closure penalty for optical signals with orthogonal polarizations. We find that the symmetry of DOP is maintained for the orthogonal polarizations under both first and higher order polarization-mode dispersion (PMD), whereas the symmetry of eye-closure penalty is broken under second-order PMD. An orthogonal polarization pair can have large disparity of eye-closure penalty despite an identical DOP. We also demonstrate a novel approach to estimate the maximum eye-closure penalty asymmetry with three orthogonal polarizations on the Poincare/spl acute/ sphere.