有机聚合物光波导延迟线研制的新进展

由于孔径效应和孔径渡越时间的限制,传统的相控阵雷达难以在大扫描角下实现大瞬时带宽,有机聚合物光波导延迟线可解决这一问题。先介绍了有机聚合物光波导延迟线的原理和优点,接着综述了三种延迟线：利用聚酰亚胺制成的4位有机聚合物光波导延迟线,多层结构的有机聚合物光波导延迟线,开关选择的超长有机聚合物光波导延迟线。     

基于光腔衰荡光谱技术的激光脉冲能量选择研究

在光腔衰荡光谱技术中衰荡信号虽不受入射光强变化的影响,但入射光强大小并非任意选取。通过理论计算结合实验分析,探讨脉冲光腔衰荡光谱技术中激光单脉冲能量的选取,结果显示激光脉冲能量选取受反射镜的反射率、探测器灵敏度、增益及信噪比等因素限制。当入射光强度选取过低,在探测器本身灵敏度和信噪比的限制下,信号被淹没于噪声中,无法检测信号;入射光强度过高,输出的光电流随光强的增大而趋向于饱和,探测器的响应呈现非线性,甚至出现漂白现象或损坏探测器。实验中,激光光源单脉冲能量范围在33 nJ到1μJ较为合适。     

A High Energy Density Asymmetric Supercapacitor from Nano‐architectured Ni(OH)2/Carbon Nanotube Electrodes

The demand for advanced energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and lithium‐ion batteries has been increasing to meet the application requirements of hybrid vehicles and renewable energy systems. A major limitation of state‐of‐art supercapacitors lies in their relatively low energy density compared with lithium batteries although they have superior power density and cycle life. Here, we report an additive‐free, nano‐architectured nickel hydroxide/carbon nanotube (Ni(OH)₂/CNT) electrode for high energy density supercapacitors prepared by a facile two‐step fabrication method. This Ni(OH)₂/CNT electrode consists of a thick layer of conformable Ni(OH)₂ nano‐flakes on CNT bundles directly grown on Ni foams (NFs) with a very high areal mass loading of 4.85 mg cm^?2 for Ni(OH)₂. Our Ni(OH)₂/CNT/NF electrode demonstrates the highest specific capacitance of 3300 F g^?1 and highest areal capacitance of 16 F cm^?2, to the best of our knowledge. An asymmetric supercapacitor using the Ni(OH)₂/CNT/NF electrode as the anode assembled with an activated carbon (AC) cathode can achieve a high cell voltage of 1.8 V and an energy density up to 50.6 Wh/kg, over 10 times higher than that of traditional electrochemical double‐layer capacitors (EDLCs).     

光时域反射光纤光栅传感系统中双激光器的驱动设计

为了扩大应变测量的范围,提出了使用两个分布反馈式(DFB)激光器作为光时域反射光纤光栅(OTDR-FBG)传感系统的光源的方法,并设计了相应的纳秒脉冲驱动电路和温控电路,得到两个激光器的驱动脉冲宽度分别为3.10 ns和3.18 ns,脉冲幅值分别为4.40 V和4.08 V,温度控制电路精度达到±0.04 ℃。经测试得到的纳秒脉冲和温控精度满足OTDR-FBG传感系统的要求。     

基于激光散射的高速微粒测速系统

高速微粒速度测量技术是空间高速粒子地基模拟系统中的一项关键技术。设计并实现了一种利用激光光幕对高速运动微粒的非接触式速度测量系统,分析了测量误差以及进一步提高测量精度的方法。该系统以高功率半导体激光器作为光源,同时采用PIN光电二极管作为光电探测器,利用接收侧向散射光脉冲作为起始和结束信号以测量微粒的平均速度。实验结果表明,该系统可对速度范围为1~10 km/s,直径大于100μm的高速微粒进行测速,精度优于1.8%。     

聚焦光束稳态热晕补偿实验

进行了聚焦光束稳态热晕效应及自适应光学补偿的室内模拟实验观测，获得了在不同热畸变参数情况下，自适应光学系统开闭环时光束远场Strehl比和信标光波前方差的测量结果。测量结果表明自适应光学对聚焦光束整束热晕的补偿效果是显著的。在热畸变参数Nd大于170时，校正剩余波前大差呈非线性增长。在热畸变参数N_d与光束菲涅耳数N_f的比值大于1时，校正后的远场光斑峰值强度随入射功率的增加开始呈下降趋势。     

基于SWOT分析和价值链理论的创业教育模型研究

基于目前大学生创业教育研究成果,引入优势/劣势/机会/威胁(SWOT)分析理论,分析当今大学生创业教育的重要性和必要性;运用价值链理论,分析我国高等创业教育的竞争力,为我国大学生创业教育改革提出有实用价值的建议;并在对大学生创新链条进行改造的基础上提出环形创新链.     

Detection and defense of DDoS attack–based on deep learning in OpenFlow‐based SDN

Distributed denial of service (DDoS) is a special form of denial of service attack. In this paper, a DDoS detection model and defense system based on deep learning in Software‐Defined Network (SDN) environment are introduced. The model can learn patterns from sequences of network traffic and trace network attack activities in a historical manner. By using the defense system based on the model, the DDoS attack traffic can be effectively cleaned in Software‐Defined Network. The experimental results demonstrate the much better performance of our model compared with conventional machine learning ways. It also reduces the degree of dependence on environment, simplifies the real‐time update of detection system, and decreases the difficulty of upgrading or changing detection strategy.     

被动调Q固体激光器的稳定性及增益预泵浦技术

研究了造成被动调 Q激光脉冲不稳定的原因 ,针对泵浦功率的起伏和饱和吸收体响应时间的影响 ,进行了深入的分析。提出了采用增益预泵浦方式提高被动调 Q激光器稳定性的方法 ,并就这种激光器进行了分析。结果表明 ,采用增益预泵浦 ,可提高被动调 Q激光器脉冲输出能量和工作效率。     

基于小波理论的变压器励磁涌流的研究

变压器差动保护受励磁涌流的影响,针对这一因素,该文提出一种基于小波变换的变压器励磁涌流识别新方法。首先分析了单相变压器励磁涌流的产生机理,其次使用MATLAB提供的电力系统工具箱PSB建立励磁涌流与区内故障电流的仿真模型,并脂db5小波对电流信号进行3尺度分解,仿真结果表明,小波变换系数能准确反应励磁涌流波彤的突变,最后根据仿真结果提出一个励磁涌流识别判据。