生物学标志在产肠毒素性大肠埃希菌同源克隆鉴定中的应用

目的研究多方法、多生物学标志在产肠毒素性大肠埃希菌同源克隆鉴定中的作用。方法在毒力基因检测和分型基础上，首次采用质粒分析法结合多位点酶电泳法，对ＥＴＥＣ同源克隆进行了综合研究。结果７个毒力基因型的２０６株散发ＥＴＥＣ菌株经质粒图谱分型后，共可分成９３个质粒型，有１４０株ＥＴＥＣ具有独特的基因型；进一步用多位点酶电泳分型，２０６株ＥＴＥＣ可被分成１４８个ＥＴ型，３种方法综合，共有１９０株ＥＴＥＣ具有独特的基因型。结论多方法、多生物学标志在同源克隆鉴定中能提供更多、更可靠的信息。     

ONE-STAGE ARTERIOVENOUS REVERSAL FOR REVASCULARIZATION OF SEVERELY ISCHEMIC LIMBS

Staged arteriovenous reversal has been successfully established forrevascularization of severely ischemic limbs since 1984. The authors tried to constrict thecentral venous limb immediately after the arteriovenous fistula formation to make the pres-sure distal to the anastomosis raising to its maximum to shorten the time required for thedistal valves to become incompetent. Thus, the revascularization of the severely ischemiclimbs may be established much sooner than the staged arteriovenous reversal, and more di-seased limbs will be saved. Forty-two patients with a total of 60 upper and lower limbshave been operated on with good results.     

频闪喉镜对声带病理情况观察的研究

对1997年以来423例病态喉的频闪喉镜表现进行分析,结果显示声带有病理改变者其粘膜波、振幅、闭合相、运动周期性、对称性均有不同程度的变化,这种变化能直接反映声带病变的深度及范围,对喉部疾病的诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗指导及预后评价具有重要意义.     

NGF prevents the changes induced by monocular deprivation during the critical period in rats

Photic evoked responses were recorded from the striate cortex of Long-Evans hooded intact, monocular visual deprivation (MD) and MD treated with NGF rats. The averaged visual evoked responses (AVER) were obtained from both hemispheres and provided comparison after binocular photic stimuli between the contralateral and the ipsilateral striate cortex with relation to the MD eye. One month of monocular visual deprivation at the critical period of development resulted in marked reduction of the amplitudes of AVER components as compared to the control recordings (P < 0.001). These changes of the AVER could be prevented by NGF infusion to lateral ventricle at the dosage of 2.0–2.4 μg/day for four weeks during the monocular deprivation. In conclusion, the change of AVER amplitudes induced by monocular visual deprivation during the critical period of development can be prevented by NGF infusion to lateral ventricle.     

小肠平滑肌肿瘤的血管研究

目的：观察小肠平滑肌肿瘤血管形态。方法：对８例正常小肠标本及１０例（１５个瘤体）经病理证实的平滑肌瘤手术切除标本，采用血管造影、解剖镜观察、石蜡切片光镜观察及图像分析。结果：小肠平滑肌肿瘤血管丰富，共同特征是：供血动脉增粗，沿瘤蒂进入瘤中心，呈放射状分布、簇状增生、丰富吻合，形似“蜘蛛网”状。血管扭曲、中断，瘤体内造影剂池明显者提示平滑肌肉瘤。结论：小肠平滑肌肿瘤属多血供肿瘤，良、恶性之间血管存在一定特点。这有助于介入诊断及螺旋ＣＴ诊断。     

In vitro andin vivo chemotactic effect of mip-lα gene transfected tumor vaccine on immune effector cells

Vaccination with chemokine gene-transfected tumor cells may be a new apporach to cancer treatment. Macrohage inflammatory protein-la (MIP-lα ) is a new type of chemokines which has chemotactic activity on effector cells. In the present study, the B16 melanoma cells were transfected with recombinant adenovirus harboring murine MIP-1α gene. The biological characteristics of the MIP-lα gene transfected B16 melanoma cells were investigated. The level of MlP-lα in the supernatant of gene-transfected melanoma cells was 368±24 ng/ml/10⁶/24hr. This supernatant showed strong chematactic activity for NK cells, CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells or the freshly isolated peritoneal macrophages. Though thein vitro growth were not altered, the tumorigenicity of the gene-transfected B16 melanoma cells decreased signicantly. The infiltration of inflammatory cells into the tumor mass formed by MIP-lα gene-transfected B16 cells were much more obvious than that by wild-type B16 cells or B16 cells transfected with the control gene. However, the survival time of the mice bearing B16 melanoma cells transfected with MIP-1 a gene was not prolonged and the NK, CTL activity remianed unchanged. We suggested that thein vivo phenomenon may be related to the high toxicity of the MIP-1 α as a strong non-specific inflam-matory mediator.     

医疗体系中外展社区服务的重要性

院外医护服务在香港医疗体系中起着重要作用。院外医护医疗工作者如社区护士、家庭服务志愿者和社会工作者来自于社区的助人网络。 院外医护人员的优点是: (1)延长医护服务的连续性;(2)缓解病人的心理压力;(2)监察病情;(4)推广健康教育知识。     

高血压病患者左心室舒张功能新指标测定

目的观察左心室舒张功能新指标测定的意义。方法应用脉冲多普勒技术测定高血压病Ⅰ期（20例）、高血压病伴左心室肥厚（22例）、高血压病伴有房颤（14例）及25例正常人二尖瓣口及瓣下1cm、2cm、3cm左心室内不同部位的舒张早期充盈速度（E0、E1、E2、E3），计算E1／E0、E2／E0、E3／E0比值。结果高血压病人E3显著降低，E3／E0与自身E2／E0相比有显著差异（P＜0．01），且E3／E0与常规测定舒张功能指标E／A法有良好的相关性。高血压病Ⅱ组与高血压病Ⅰ组相比，舒张功能障碍更为明显。结论高血压病早期即有左心室舒张功能减退，并出现于心室功能障碍之前，且左心室舒张功能减退随心肌受损加重而明显。E3／E0法是反映左心室舒张功能障碍的良好指标，可弥补E／A法的不足。     

膝关节半月板撕裂的磁共振诊断：附61例关节镜对照分析

目的：比较分析半月板撕裂的ＭＲＩ表现和关节镜所见，明确半月板撕裂ＭＲＩ成像的作用和价值。材料和方法：对一组６１例（６８膝）ＭＲＩ资料的影像学特征与关节镜所见作对照分析，ＭＲＩ半月板内异常高信号影的判断采用Ｌｏｔｙｓｃｈ提出的分级标准。结果：ＭＲＩ对半月板损伤的诊断敏感性为９５％，特异性为８８％，关节镜符合率为９２％。ＭＲ的Ⅲ级信号与关节镜所见半月板撕裂具有高度相关性，其中Ⅲ级信号仅见于一层和见于一层以上者分别与半月板撕裂的对应关系有显著差别。病变信号发生部位及其与半月板特定表面的关系对诊断结果无影响。结论：ＭＲＩ对膝关节半月板撕裂的诊断极有价值，半月板内Ⅲ级信号是诊断半月板撕裂的可靠征象，而当Ⅲ级信号影仅见于一层时，诊断须慎重。     

Averaged axillary F-loop latency of median and ulnar nerves

Axillary F-loop latencies (AFLL) were measured on median and ulnar nerves of 54 normal volunteers. The median and ulnar nerves were stimulated at the wrist and at the axilla 25cm distal to the sternal notch. The compound muscle action potentials were recorded from thenar and hypothenar muscles. Averaged tracings from 32 consecutive stimuli at the wrist were obtained. The averaged F-wave latencies were measured to the peak (Fwp) of the averaged F-wave. The M-wave latencies from wrist and axilla stimulation were measured to the onset of the wave (Mw and Ma, respectively). The averaged AFLL (a-AFLL) was calculated as (Fwp + Mw)-2 Ma. The average values of a-AFLL were 14.12 +/- 0.88msec for median nerve, and 13.97 +/- 0.90msec for ulnar nerve. There was no significant difference between male and female subjects, nor between the right and left sides. Seven subjects with EMG evidence of C8 or C8 to T1 radiculopathy, although manifesting normal AFLL gauged by the regular method (ie, measured to the onset of the shortest F-wave latency among eight tracings), had significantly longer "averaged AFLL" in both median and ulnar nerves of the affected side than the a-AFLL obtained from the normal side. It is concluded that the a-AFLL is a more sensitive measure than the "regular AFLL" in the assessment of proximal nerve lesion (especially C8 or C8 to T1 radiculopathy).