阿司匹林滴眼液防治糖尿病性白内障

目的:探讨阿司匹林滴眼液抑制糖尿病性白内障的作用效果及作用机制.方法:复制链脲佐菌素(streptozocin, STZ)糖尿病大鼠模型,成模后(血糖＞14 mmol/L)将动物分为低浓度阿司匹林治疗组(0.5 g/L)、高浓度阿司匹林治疗组(1 g/L)和未治疗组.治疗组每日给予2次阿司匹林滴眼液治疗左眼,采用裂隙显微镜观察并记录晶状体混浊的程度,使用分光光度计测定晶状体中谷胱甘肽、糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end product, AGE)的含量以及谷胱甘肽还原酶、过氧化氢酶的活性.结果:建立糖尿病大鼠模型后6至9 wk,与糖尿病大鼠相比,治疗组大鼠晶状体混浊程度降低0.5～1个级别,谷胱甘肽的含量升高20%,过氧化氢酶的活性增强260%,而AGE的含量降低28%,它们之间差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:阿司匹林可能通过抑制晶状体蛋白质糖基化和氧化损伤的综合作用,延缓早期的糖尿病大鼠晶状体混浊.     

肝细胞生长因子基因转染骨髓间充质干细胞对脂肪颗粒移植存活率的影响

目的研究携带人肝细胞生长因子基因的重组腺病毒（Ad—HGF）修饰骨髓间充质干细胞（MSCs）对大鼠脂肪颗粒移植存活率的影响。方法用携带绿色荧光蛋白的重组腺病毒（Ad-GFP）、Ad—HGF转染雄性Wistar大鼠MSCs,测定转染效率与感染上清中肝细胞生长因子（HGF）的表达。用雌性Wistar大鼠150只,随机分为5组：空白对照组（A组）、Ad—HGF组（B组）、MSCs组（C组）、Ad—GFP感染MSCs组（D组）和Ad—HGF感染MSCs组（E组）,每组30只。各组均匀振动5分钟,将颗粒脂肪移植于自体背部皮下;移植后3、5、7、14、28、60d,每组各取5只大鼠脱颈处死,取出移植物;测体积、HE、Masson染色观察病理改变,免疫组织化学法测定组织中HGF表达和血管生成。结果积分吸光度＝100时,Ad—GFP转染MSCs效率可达89．6％;移植后3、5、7、14d,E组移植物中HGF的表达高于其他各组（P〈0．05）;移植后5、7、14、28、60d,E组血管数量也多于其他各组（P〈0．05）;28d和60d时,E组脂肪颗粒体积保持率明显好于其他4组（P〈0．05）。结论携带HGF基因的MSCs在移植物中能够持续表达HGF,有效地减少脂肪颗粒移植后的吸收,从而提高移植颗粒脂肪的存活率。     

强骨丹对去卵巢大鼠骨质疏松症防治作用的实验研究

[目的]探讨中药强骨丹对绝经后骨质疏松症的防治作用。[方法]运用切除大鼠卵巢方法建立去卵巢骨质疏松症模型,随机分为模型组、强骨丹高低剂量组、西药组,同时设假手术对照组。采用双能X线骨密度测定法、放射免疫分析法和ELISA法等检测各组实验鼠骨密度 (BMD)、骨矿含量 (BMC)、血清雌二醇 (E₂)、骨钙素 (BGP)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRACP5b)以及尿脱氧吡啶啉 (Dpol)。[结果]强骨丹可明显升高BMD、BMC,提高血清E₂ 水平,降低TRACP5b和Dpd水平,并降低BGP含量。[结论]强骨丹通过调节机体相关内分泌功能,抑制骨吸收,降低骨的转换率,减少骨丢失,增加骨密度,对绝经后骨质疏松症有防治作用。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病合并多囊卵巢综合征的相关性研究

目的调查多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）患者非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的发病情况,探讨NAFLD与PCOS患者代谢特征的相关性。方法选择PCOS组145例及对照组122例为研究对象,测定血清空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、餐后2h胰岛素、总甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（Chol）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）,以超声诊断脂肪肝。结果 PCOS组NAFLD的发生率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;PCOS组的ALT、餐后2h INS、HOMA-IR高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。PCOS患者伴与不伴NAFLD组比较,NAFLD组的ALT、餐后2h INS、BMI、FINS、HO-MA-IR、TG明显高于非NAFLD组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;NAFLD的发生率与ALT、餐后2 h INS、BMI、FINS、HOMA-IR呈正相关。结论 PCOS患者易患NAFLD,对肥胖及胰岛素抵抗的PCOS患者应常规进行转氨酶及肝脏超声检查。     

Erythroid marrow function in anemic patients

Erythropoietic activity is known to be closely associated with marrow iron uptake. A modification of the standard measure of plasma iron turnover has been developed in which erythron transferrin uptake (ETU) rather than iron uptake has been calculated. The ETU has the advantage of providing a parameter of erythroid marrow activity independent of change produced by plasma iron and transferrin saturation. Measurements in 80 patients with anemia were compared to the normal value of 60 +/- 12 mumol/L whole blood/d. The mean ETU for ten patients with severe aplastic anemia and for six patients with pure red-cell aplasia were 12 +/- 8 and 12 +/- 11 mumol/L whole blood/d, respectively. In ten transfusion-dependent patients with renal failure under dialysis therapy, the mean value was 35 +/- 11, while ten other dialyzed patients who were transfusion independent had a mean ETU of 73 +/- 21 mumol/L whole blood/d. Sixteen patients with hemolytic anemia had an average ETU of 400 +/- 130, while 28 patients with ineffective erythropoiesis had a mean value of 474 +/- 147 mumol/L whole blood/d. While patients with hypoproliferative anemia showed no relation between the severity of anemia and ETU, those with hyperproliferative erythroid marrow showed increasing values as the anemia became more severe. Sequential measurements in patients with aplastic anemia under treatment and in thalassemic patients under transfusion therapy showed the value of this measurement in monitoring the effects of treatment on erythroid marrow activity. It is concluded that the measurement of ETU provides a more direct ferrokinetic evaluation of erythroid activity in anemic states.     

Identification of T lymphocytes in human mixed hemopoietic colonies

The addition of a T-cell growth-promoting medium (PHA-TCM) to culture conditions that support growth of multi-lineage hemopoietic colonies enhances the proliferation of cells with lymphoid morphology within these colonies. These cells were identified as T lymphocytes by their ability to form rosettes with SRBC and their reaction with monoclonal antibodies (OKT3, OKT4) directed against T-cell-specific surface components. They continue to proliferate extensively under the influence of PHA-TCM after transfer of mixed colonies into liquid suspension culture. Supportive evidence for a common progenitor of myeloid and lymphoid cells within single mixed colonies is provided by Y-chromatin body analysis of E-rosette positive and negative cells in colonies grown in cocultures of male and female bone marrow cells.     

Superoxide dismutase does not cause scar thinning after myocardial infarction

Previous studies demonstrated that treatment with superoxide dismutase, a scavenger of superoxide anions, limits the extent of myocardial injury in a canine preparation of regional myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. Little is known, however, about the effects of superoxide dismutase on the healing of a myocardial infarct. Therefore, this study was performed to determine whether treatment with superoxide dismutase during myocardial ischemia impairs formation of scar tissue after infarction. Dogs received 2 hour infusions of superoxide dismutase or albumin (controls) by way of the left atrium beginning 15 minutes before and ending 15 minutes after a 90 minute occlusion of the left circumflex coronary artery. Six weeks later the animals were killed. Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed before surgery and before induced death. Wall thickening in the central ischemic zone was decreased at 6 weeks compared with baseline studies (p less than 0.05), but the decrease was similar for both groups. The hydroxyproline concentrations (microgram/mg dry weight) of the scar tissue in the superoxide dismutase and control groups, respectively, were 35.3 +/- 3.8 and 28.7 +/- 5.0 (p less than 0.05). The ratios of the scar thickness to normal wall thickness were superoxide dismutase 0.91 +/- 0.03 and control 0.89 +/- 0.03 (p greater than 0.05). Thus, superoxide dismutase had no adverse effect on wall thickening or scar formation assessed 6 weeks after myocardial infarction, and may be useful to limit oxygen radical-mediated damage during reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium.