谷氨酸诱导体外培养的鸡胚脊髓神经细胞释放NO

用鸡胚脊髓神经细胞的原代培养,测定细胞中亚硝酸盐的含量,研究了谷氨酸(Glu)对原代培养神经细胞中NO的影响。结果表明,谷氨酸作用于原代培养的鸡胚脊髓神经细胞,在诱导神经细胞释放乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的同时,还可诱导细胞释放一氧化氮(NO)。如先用NO合成酶抑制剂L-NOARG作用细胞,再加入Glu,则发现L-NOARG能降低Glu导致的培养液中LDH活性升高。提示NO可能参与介导Glu的神经毒性作用。     

血管内支架模型及离体血管经腔内超声三维重建的实验研究

我们自制了16个不同形状和大小的金属支架模型，置入人造血管腔中，并采用高体正常血管8条（犬腹主动脉4条，人冠状动脉4条）进行经血管腔内超声显像（IVUS）的体元模型三维重建（3DR）研究。结果显示，该技术能真实地再现支架在管腔内的形态、支架与管壁之间的间隙及离体正常血管的管腔及管壁形态，经提取后重建的支架模型与实物非常相似。经3DR测得的支架及血管腔内径与实测值均高度相关（r分别为0.96和0.99，p＜0．001）。支架与管壁之间空隙的3DR测值与实测值也高度相关（r=0.97，p＜r.0.01）。     

美沙酮联用丁丙诺啡对海洛因依赖重度药瘾戒毒治疗临床研究

目的　探索对海洛因依赖重度药瘾较理想的戒毒治疗方法。　　方法　采用美沙酮与丁丙诺啡联合用药方案 ,对海洛因依赖重度药瘾 41例行戒毒治疗 ,1 2天为一疗程 ,并与单用美沙酮组 2 0例进行比较。　　结果　联合用药组控制症状较彻底 ,鸦片类药物戒断症状量表 (OWS)总分平稳下降 ,症状波动小 ,减药顺利 ,两药替换平稳 ,戒毒成功率 73 2 %。　　结论　我们认为美沙酮联用丁丙诺啡是一种值得推荐的戒毒治疗方法。     

生物活性材料义眼台

由于病变和外伤等原因，使一些人眼球摘除，留下外现缺陷。医学上使用义眼台植入眼眶，在上面按装义眼以矫治外形。从前使用的义眼台用玻璃球或硅橡胶制作，使用中均有种类不同的缺点，即无生物活性、密度大等。医学界希望有新型医用材料临床应用。采用液态化学方法合成羟基磷灰石，使羟基磷灰石和微晶玻璃混匀，制成生物活性材料。生物材料和粘结剂、造孔剂，辅助剂一同制成生坯，以适当的温度焙烧成多孔结构义眼台。对材料进行了动物实验与临床应用。动物实验表明，材料具有优异的生物相容性和一定的生物活性。临床应用效果良好。本材料是制备义眼台的新材料。本文就材料研究、动物实验、义眼台的生产工艺进行了探讨。     

Induction of HSP72 in Rat Liver by Chronic Ethanol Consumption Combined with Exercise: Association with the Prevention of Ethanol-Induced Fatty Liver by Exercise

Ethanol-induced fatty liver in rats was attenuated by repeated running exercise, and the protective effect of exercise was associated with the synergistic expression of heat shock proteins (HSP72). Rats were placed in four groups of six. The two ethanol-fed groups of rats received a liquid diet (Lieber-DeCarli formulation) in which 36% of the calories were derived from ethanol. One group remained sedentary (S/E), whereas the other was trained to run on a rodent treadmill at a speed of 27 m/min, 1 hr/day, 5 days/week, for 7 weeks (R/E). Two other groups–one exercised as previously mentioned (R/C) and one sedentary (S/C)–received control-liquid diets in which the ethanol was isocalorically substituted with a dextran/maltose mixture. The degree of fatty infiltration in liver sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin was graded on a 0–4 scale and the data analyzed by ANOVA on ranks. Ethanol significantly induced fatty infiltration in the S/E group, whereas fatty infiltration in the livers of the R/E group was not different from the S/C group. Electrophoresis and Western blotting of liver homogenates demonstrated that HSP72 was not expressed in either the S/C or S/E groups and was only slightly expressed in the R/C group. The combination of exercise and ethanol, however, resulted in an elevated expression of HSP72 in the R/E group. The content of HSP73 was unaffected by any treatment.     

海口地区2000年临床分离菌耐药性监测

目的：监测海口地区临床分离菌对抗菌药物的耐药状况。方法：采用VITEK微生物自动分析仪测定药敏。结果：2000年共收集临床分离菌1399株，革兰阳性球菌426株（30．5％），革兰阴性杆菌973株（69．5％），以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯杆菌最多见，所监测的细菌总体耐药率比国内其他地区偏高，且出现万古霉素耐药的表皮葡萄球菌和粪肠球菌。结论：海口地区的细菌耐药严重，控制细菌耐药成为当务之急。     

Detection ofHelicobacter pylori in gastric biopsy tissue by polymerase chain reaction

To evaluate the sensitivity of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using nested primers in detectingHelicobacter pylori, gastric tissue biopsy specimens were collected on endoscopy from 17 patients with a duodenal ulcer. DNA was extracted by phenol/chloroform treatment or boiling in water, and then subjected to a nested PCR using two primer pairs from the urease gene ofHelicobacter pylori. Fourteen of the 17 patients were positive forHelicobacter pylori using DNA samples extracted by either method. The PCR results correlated well with the results of an enzyme immunoassay to detect IgG antibody. However, there were two culture negative patients. The three PCR negative patients were both culture negative and serologically negative. DNA from 9 of the 14 patients was randomly selected and subjected to semiquantification by serial dilutions, and then PCR. The results showed that phenol/chloroform extraction yielded 10–1000 times more DNA than the boiling method. It is concluded that the PCR assay is a rapid and sensitive method for detectingHelicobacter pylori, and that phenol/chloroform extraction is superior to simple boiling in obtaining DNA samples for PCR.     

血清LSA测定在恶性肿瘤临床诊断中的初步应用

本文根据Svennerholm和蒋谷人等的方法略加改良,测定了蚌埠地区113例正常人,71例恶性肿瘤患者和82例非肿瘤疾病患者血清脂质结合唾液酸(LSA)的含量。正常值为12.4mg/dl(SD=±3.6mg/dl),71例不同肿瘤患者的平均值为28.2mg/dl(SD=±9.7mg/dl),阳性率为88.7％,82例非肿瘤疾病患者的平均值为16.82mg/dl(SD=±5.4mg/dl),假阳性率为17％。方法的灵敏度,重复性(平均CV=3.6％)和回收率(平均回收率=101.4％)测定结果是满意的。本研究的初步结果表明,血清LSA测定对肺癌、白血病、胃癌和食管癌具有一定的临床诊断价值。     

Osteoporosis and Coronary Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Women

Estrogen deficiency is a risk factor for osteoporosis and coronary artery disease. Osteoporosis can be evaluated by measuring bone mineral density (BMD). Coronary atherosclerotic burden can be evaluated by measuring coronary calcium using electron beam computed tomography (EBT) of the heart. We compared coronary calcium scores in 45 asymptomatic postmenopausal women with normal and low BMD. BMD of the lumbar spine and proximal femur was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and coronary calcium was measured quantitatively by EBT. Women were divided into control, osteopenia, and osteoporosis groups based on the T score of the lumbar spine. Women were similar in age, years since menopause, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). BMD ± SD (g/cm²) of L1–L4 was 0.96 ± 0.11, 0.83 ± 0.03, and 0.73 ± 0.05, in control, osteopenia, and osteoporosis group, respectively. The total coronary calcium score ± SD (relative units) was 41.9 ± 83.1, 115.1 ± 181.9, and 221.7 ± 355.4 for control, osteopenia, and osteoporosis group, respectively; the score was significantly higher in the osteoporosis than in the control group. This study provides initial data suggesting that women with osteoporosis may have a higher risk of developing coronary atherosclerosis.     

The bioavailability and nonlinear pharmacokinetics of MK-679 in humans

MK-679 (R(?)-3-((3-(2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl)ethenyl)phenyl)(3-(dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl)thio)methyl)thio(propanoic acid) is a potent and specific LTD₄-receptor antagonist. The disposition of MK-679 was investigated in a three-way crossover study in 12 healthy males receiving single intravenous doses of 75, 250, and 500 mg of MK-679. A greater than proportional increase in the area under the plasma concentration—time curve of MK-679 was observed with increase in dose. The plasma concentration data for each subject fitted well to the differential equations for a two-compartment model with linear tissue distribution and Michaelis-Menten elimination from the central compartment, indicating that the elimination of MK-679 in humans is saturable. In a previous study, the disposition of MK-679 in humans was also dose-dependent when given together with its S(+)-isomer, L-668,018. Thus, the disposition of MK-679 in humans is dose-dependent regardless of the presence of its stereoisomer. Also, the bioavailability of MK-679 was determined in six healthy males receiving simultaneously an oral dose of 250 mg of MK-679 and intravenous infusion of 1 mg ¹⁴C-MK-679. Results of this study indicate that the oral bioavailability of MK-679 is nearly quantitative.