构建新时期医学院校师生伦理道德关系的思考

本文在分析传统师生伦理道德关系存在的问题,把握新时期医学院校师生伦理道德关系现状的基础上,提出要在审视传统、考察现实、思考未来的基础上,贯彻现实性和理想性的统一、层次性与整体性的统一、先进性要求同广泛性要求的统一的原则,来重构新时期医学院校的师生道德规范。     

加强法医专业实习基地建设培养高素质法医人才

法医专业实习基地是高等院校法医专业学生参加校内外实习和实践的重要场所,直接关系到实习质量,对培养有良好实践能力和创新能力的高素质法医人才具有十分重要的作用.温州医学院作为浙江省唯一的法医本科专业,经过几年努力.     

心外膜消融少见部位的特发性室性早搏

目的报道1组起源于心外膜远离crux区和summlt区城的特发性室性早搏(PVC)的心电图、标测特征, 以及经皮心包穿刺心外膜消融结果。方法回顾性分析2015年8月至2020年11月在南京医科大学附属第一医院和武汉亚洲心脏医院共收集9例在经皮心包穿刺心外膜消融的特发性PVC患者资料, 通过心外膜标测和消融确定PVC的起源部位, 分析不同起源部位的体表心电图和标测特征。如GRS波宽度, 相应导联GRS波呈GS型, 心内膜标测提前量。如体表起始有无"r"波, GRS波宽度以及心内膜最早激动总相比于GRS波起点的提前量。结果入选9例患者, 年龄(32±13)岁。其中男6例, 所有患者PVC均起源于心外膜, 其中有4例位于下壁, 1例位于前壁, 1例位于心尖部, 其余3例位于侧壁。体表心电图的对应导联组QRS波为无"r"波的QS型。在心内膜和心外膜都进行标测, 两者激动提前QRS时限分别为(-11±4)ms和(-25±8)ms。所有患者心内膜单极电图均呈rS型, 外膜起源处标测单极电图为QS型。所有患者均消融成功且无相关并发症发生, 中位随访11个月无复发。结论部分特发PVC可起源于远离cru...     

空巢老人是ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者院前救治延误的首要危险因素

目的 探讨ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者院前救治延迟的影响因素。方法 连续纳入2020年6月1日至2021年12月31日睢宁县人民医院心血管内科住院的STEMI患者414例，根据出现症状至入院时间分为延迟组300例(>120 min),非延迟组114例(≤120 min)。比较2组基线资料和院内信息，采用logistic回归分析院前延迟的影响因素。结果 延迟组年龄、空巢老人、糖尿病、首诊非直接PCI医院比例明显高于非延迟组，非老人、非空巢老人、吸烟和使用救护车比例明显低于非延迟组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。延迟组直接PCI、LVEF明显低于非延迟组，N末端B型钠尿肽前体、院内病死率明显高于非延迟组，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。多因素分析显示，空巢老人(OR=5.223,95%CI:2.702～10.095,P=0.001)、糖尿病(OR=2.045,95%CI:1.211～3.455,P=0.007)、首诊非直接PCI医院(OR=2.821,95%CI:1.656～4.804,P=0.001)与院前时间延迟...     

未成年人自杀现象特征及其危机干预

目的：探讨未成年人自杀现象的现状、特征、影响因素等方面问题，提出预防对策。方法：检索中国期刊全文数据库的相关论文和新闻媒体的有关报道，查阅相关文献，对检索到的相关信息进行综合分析阐述。结果：自杀已成为未成年人死亡的第一位因素；未成年人自杀具有自杀原因多元化、自杀方式多样化、自杀与精神和心理障碍关系密切等特点；心理因素是未成年人自杀的重要因素。结论：加强未成年人的生命观教育。加强未成年人的心理健康教育和心理康复，完善未成年人自杀的预防措施，建构未成年人自杀危机干预体系，可以有效预防未成年人自杀。     

三维电解剖标测指导疑难右侧游离壁旁路的导管消融

Objective To demonstrate the electroanatomic substrates of right-sided free wall (RFW)accessory pathways (APs) which were refractory to conventional catheter ablation utilizing three-dimensional (3D) mapping. Methods Seventeen patients with RFW APs that failed initial conventional catheter ablation(s)by a mean of 1～3(1.8±0.6) attempts were enrolled in the study. Electroanatomic mapping of the right atrium was performed during right ventricular pacing in 14 patients and orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia in 3patients. Radiofrequency energy was delivered via irrigation catheter to the earliest atrial activation site. Results The earliest atrial activation site, which represented the atrial insertion of the APs, was separated from the tricuspid annulus by an average of 9 ～ 20 ( 13.6 ± 3.4 ) mm, and the local activation time was 18 ～ 80(31.5±16.3) ms earlier than that of the corresponding annular point. The target electrogram demonstrated AP potential in fourteen patients and ventriculoatrial fusion in the rest three. Accessory pathway was blocked in one case during moving the catheter and RF ablation delivery on the areas. One patient exhibited an AP with wide branching on the atrial side during mapping. RF ablation with an irrigated catheter successfully interrupted AP conduction in remaining 16 patients without complications. After a mean follow-up of 3 ～ 41 (18.6±12.7) months, there were no recurrences of ventricular preexcitation or episodes of tachycardia. Conclusion RFW APs refractory to conventional catheter ablation might be due to unique anatomic AP features such as more epicardial course at the annulus level with atrial insertion distance from the tricuspid annulus. Electroanatomic mapping is helpful to accurately localize the atrial insertion sites of these APs and facilitates catheter ablation.     

碎裂QRS波在致心律失常性右心室心肌病诊断中的价值

Objective To evaluate diagnostic value of fragmented QRS complex (fQRS)in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods Forty-three patients [33 men, aged (40. 4 ± 13.9)years]meet the ISFC/ESC diagnostic criteria for ARVC were enrolled in this study. A standard twelve-lead electrocardiogram was obtained during the resting status. Characteristics of fQRS were detailedly studied by three doctors independently. A comparison of the prevalence among fQRS, epsilon wave and T wave inversion( TWI )in the right precordial leads exceeding V3 was done. Results Most fQRS could be found in the inferior leads (44. 3% ) and the right precordial leads (24. 2% ). Within the QRS complex, the prevalence of fQRS in the R wave was significantly higher than it in the S wave(58. 4% vs 32. 9% ,Z =4. 30,P ＜0. 01 ).fQRS could be found in a total of 31 of 43 cases( mean 4. 6 ± 1.7 ( range 2 to 9) per patient). The prevalence of fQRS was significantly higher than that of epsilon wave ( 73.8% vs 30. 2%, Z = 3.67, P ＜ 0. 01 ) and TWI (73.8% vs41.9% ,Z =2. 61 ,P＜0. 01 ). Conclusion fQRS was a common electrocardiographic abnormality,and most was found in the inferior and right precardial leads in patients with ARVC. It may be used as an important noninvasive preliminary screening electrocardiographic criteria.     

磁导航遥控射频导管消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速的初步体会

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of remote radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reciprocating tachycardia (AVNRT) using the magnetic navigation system (MNS). Methods A total of 37 patients[female 29, mean age (44 ± 15 )years]with documented AVNRT were enrolled in this study from March 2007 to June 2009. A 4 mm tip magnetic mapping and ablation catheter ( Helios Ⅱ ,Stereotaxis, USA),which was remotely controlled by the MNS (Niobe Ⅱ , Stereotaxis, USA), was used for both mapping and ablation. Conventional slow pathway modification with focal ablation at the fight posterior septum was first performed in all patients. If it was failed, linear lesions at the base of Koch' s triangle was then done. Results After ablation, AVNRT was non-inducible in all 37 patients without any complication except one case experienced transient first degree AV block. Focal ablation was performed in 34 patients, and linear ablation strategy was used in the remaining three cases to achieve the end point. Among all the 37 patients, slow pathway ablation was achieved in 14, whereas slow pathway modification was reached in the remaining 23 cases.The mean procedural time, the RF deliveries, the duration of RF application were ( 120 ± 32) min, (2. 9 ± 1.6)times, ( 130 ± 33 )s,respectively. The total fluoroscopy time and the physician X-ray exposure time were(5.3 ±2. 7)min and(2.9 ± 1.1 ) min,respectively. There was no significant change of the AH interval,the HV interval,and the atrioventricular nodal conduction refractory period after ablation. Compared with the first 18 patients, the mean procedural time, the total fluoroscopy time and the X-ray fluoroscopy time during magnetic navigation were significantly decreased in the later 19 patients (P ＜0. 001 ). It indicated that the learning curve of remote catheter ablation using the MNS is short. Conclusion Remote catheter ablation using the MNS to cure AVNRT is safe and effective with short learning curve and decreasing X-ray exposure time for interventional physicians.     

起源于左侧希氏-浦肯野系统的特发性加速性室性自主心律

目的 介绍起源于左侧希氏-浦肯野系统的特发性加速性室性自主心律,揭示其临床特征并探讨可能的电生理机制.方法 回顾分析4例特发性加速性室性自主心律患者的心电图形态特征、临床表现、治疗方法及预后.结果 4例患者,男性2例,平均年龄48(40～54)岁,均无器质性心脏病.室性自主心律均呈右束支阻滞型,其QRS时限0.11～0.13 s,符合左侧希氏-浦肯野系统起源,其中3例电轴右偏,1例电轴左偏.自主心律RR间期不规则,平均频率为87(55～110)次/min,与窦性心律交替出现.所有患者临床均表现为发作性心悸.1例患者室性自主心律在短期服用普罗帕酮后消失,另1例短期服用维拉帕米后消失,余2例未予以特殊处理后自然消退.平均随访4.5(2～8)年,临床无心律失常发作,亦无其他心血管事件发生.结论 起源于左侧希氏-浦肯野系统的加速性室性自主心律是左侧希氏-浦肯野系统特发性室性心律失常的一种表现形式,多数为自限性,临床呈良性经过.