慢性房颤消融术后左房和左室结构的远期变化

目的 观察维持窦律对慢性房颤射频消融术后患者左房和左室结构的影响。 方法 入选38例慢性房颤行射频消融术的患者，分别于术前、术后1年行超声心动图检查, 测量左房前后径、左房上下径、左房左右径、左房最大容积、左室舒张末内径、左室收缩末内径，左室射血分数，评估房颤有无复发对左房及左室重构的影响。 结果 31例慢性房颤病人完成随访，随访时间为12-16个月，将其按消融效果分为复发组（15例）和非复发组（16例）。随访结果如下：(1)复发组慢性房颤射频消融术前左房前后径、左房上下径、左房左右径、左房最大容积、左室舒张末内径、左室收缩末内径、左室射血分数与非复发组术前比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。(2)复发组慢性房颤射频消融术后12个月左房前后径、左房上下径、左房左右径、左房最大容积、左室舒张末内径、左室收缩末内径、左室射血分数与术前相比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；(3)复发组慢性房颤射频消融术后12个月左房前后径、左房上下径、左房左右径、左房最大容积、左室舒张末内径、左室收缩末内径比术前减小，左室射血分数比术前增加，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。     

高密度标测指导下射频导管消融房性心动过速

目的 探讨EnSite NavX系统高密度标测对房性心动过速（房速）射频导管消融的指导作用.方法 17例房速患者,平均年龄（45.9±16.9）岁,男性15例,女性2例.心动过速均呈持续性发作,应用EnSite NavX系统于心房进行高密度标测,建立激动图.对于折返性房速,线性消融关键峡部或传导通道（channel）,对于局灶性房速,点消融局部最早心房激动区域.结果 17例患者中,共标测到19种房速,周长为（254±49）ms,平均取点（316±90）个,标测时间为（8.4±2.6）min,建立19种激动图 激动图显示大折返性房速10种,局灶性房速9种 19种房速中,18种即时消融成功 无标测与消融相关并发症发生.随访（3.0±1.6）个月,2例服用胺碘酮可预防发作（1例患者房速复发,1例患者术中有1种房速未消融成功）.结论 EnSite NavX系统高密度标测对心动过速机制可作出快速、准确的判断,有助于确定消融靶点,提高消融成功率.     

非瓣膜性心房颤动患者左心房血栓和/或自发显影危险因素分析

目的 探索非瓣膜性心房颤动(房颤)患者左心房血栓(LAT)和/或自发显影(SEC)的危险因素.方法 选择2007年7月至2012年12月在广东省人民医院住院的1544例非瓣膜性房颤患者,平均年龄(57.1±11.9)岁,男1046例,女498例,阵发性房颤1297例.根据食管超声心动图(TEE)结果分为两组:LAT和/或SEC组(109例)和无LAT和/或SEC组(1435例).记录患者年龄、性别、房颤类型、发生房颤时间、合并疾病、超声心动图指标等,进行多因素Logistic回归分析确定LAT和/或SEC形成的独立危险因素.结果 LAT和/或SEC组:LAT 53例(3.4％),血栓均位于左心耳;SEC 56例(3.6％).Logistic回归分析显示持续性及长期持续性房颤(OR=1.7,95％ CI 1.1～2.4)、女性(OR=1.7,95％ CI 1.1～2.7)、心肌病(OR=2.8,95％ CI 1.3～5.7)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)≤0.40(OR=6.0,95％ CI2.0～18.2)、左心房内径(LAD) ≥40 mm(OR=7.1,95％ CI4.4～ 11.4)为LAT或SEC形成的独立危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 LAD≥40 mm、LVEF≤0.40是LAT或SEC形成的最强独立预测因素,对预测房颤栓塞事件可能具有重要价值.     

非瓣膜性心房颤动左心房和左心耳血栓形成的危险因素分析

目的 研究≤65岁非瓣膜病性心房颤动(AF)患者左心房(LA)和心耳(LAA)内血栓形成的危险因素,为临床干预提供依据.方法 选择2005年1月至2008年4月广东省心血管病研究所住院的208例非瓣膜性AF患者,根据食管超声(TEE)结果分为两组:LA和LAA血栓组(23例)和无血栓组(185例).对患者既往病史、烟酒嗜好、临床检验指标和超声影像学指标等相关因素进行单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析.结果 血栓组和无血栓组左心房内径为(42.2±6.5)mm比(34.9±4.4)mm,P=0.000);左室舒张未内径为(48.5±5.7)mm比(45.7±4.1)mm,P=0.000;左室射血分数为(59.3±1.3)mm比(65.1±6.6)mm,P=0.050;纤维蛋白原为(3.5±1.0)g/L比(3.0±0.7)g/L,P=0.000;脑梗死和短暂性脑缺血史分别为6/23、7/185,P=0.000;胸片心胸比增大分别为20/23、60/185(P=0.000).Logistic回归分析发现左心房内径(OR=1.211,95%C/1.062～1.381),胸片心胸比(OR=5.242,95%CI 1.138～24.144),脑梗死和短暂性脑缺血发作史(OR=5.881,95%CI 1.152～30.008)和纤维蛋白原量(OR=2.242,95%CI 1.152～4.805)是LA和LAA内血栓形成独立危险因素(P<0.05).结论 当≤65岁非瓣膜性AF患者有血栓形成的独立危险因素时应该加强抗凝治疗,以预防左心房血栓.     

Predictors for recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmia after ablation for patients with persistent atrial fibrillation:A long-term follow-up outcome

Catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) remains a challenging task.The long-term clini-cal outcome and predictors for the recurrence of atrial arrhythmias after ablation has not been consistent.Methods We analyzed the clinical outcome of 103 consecutive patients with a follow-up > 12 months who underwent catheter ablation for persistent AF.We studied their clinical data in terms of age,AF duration,concomitant dieases (hypertension,dia-betes or mitral insuffciency) ,left atrial diameter,cath...     

机械敏感离子通道Piezo1通过激活β-catenin诱导心房成纤维细胞衰老北大核心CSCD

目的 衰老心房成纤维细胞中新型机械敏感离子通道Piezo1的基因表达明显升高,观察其是否通过激活β-catenin参与心房成纤维细胞的衰老进程。方法 通过酶消化法分离培养3~4周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠原代心房成纤维细胞,给予叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)刺激建立衰老模型,检测衰老相关β-半乳糖苷酶(SA-β-Gal)活性。Western blot检测TBHP(100μmol·L^(-1))处理的细胞中Piezo1、β-catenin/p-β-catenin及衰老相关蛋白p53和p21的表达水平。衰老的小鼠心房成纤维细胞(MAFs)分别给予Piezo1通道抑制剂GsMTx4(3、10μmol·L^(-1))或Piezo1 siRNA,以及β-catenin抑制剂XAV939(3、10μmol·L^(-1));年轻的MAFs给予Piezo1特异性激动剂Yoda1(1、10μmol·L^(-1)),观察对细胞中β-catenin和衰老相关蛋白表达和活性的影响。结果 TBHP处理后,MAFs的SA-β-Gal染色阳性率明显增加,提示细胞发生衰老;且细胞中Piezo1、β-catenin/p-β-catenin和p53/p21的蛋白表达明显增加(P<0.05)。分别抑制Piezo1(GsMTx4/Piezo1 siRNA)或β-catenin(XAV939),可明显降低TBHP诱导的MAFs衰老率,以及减少β-catenin/p-β-catenin,p53/p21等蛋白表达和活性的增加(P<0.05)。而Yoda1可促进年轻细胞衰老,且β-catenin活性和衰老相关蛋白表达升高(P<0.05)。结论 机械敏感离子通道Piezo1通过激活β-catenin诱导心房成纤维细胞衰老的病理过程。     

丹皮酚软膏含量测定方法的修订

对丹皮酚软膏的含量测定方法进行了修订。原方法繁琐费时，修订后的方法为用吸收系数计算法，方法简便、快速、准确。平均加样回收率为９９．８７％，变异系数为０．３５％；精密度试验变异系数为０．８２％。     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.     

无左心房和肺静脉三维重建的阵发性心房颤动导管消融术

Objective To investigate the differences between modeling and non-modeling left atrium in Carto XP system guided catheter ablation for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods Thirty-one cases of par-oxysmal atrial fibrillation treated by the same electrophysiologist with guidance of Carto XP during Jan to Dec in 2008 were enrolled. Catheter ablation was accomplished without left atrium and pulmonary veins modeling in 17 patients (non-modeling group) and with left atrium modeling in 14 patients (modeling group). The detailed ablation method was based on circumferential pulmonary veins isolation (CPVI). And linear ablation of tricus-pid valvular isthmus was selectively proceeded individually. The ablation endpoint was set to complete isolation of pulmonary vein potential from left atrium and no continuous fast atrial arrhythmia including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and atrial tachycardia could be induced. Comparisons for each step during procedure and the fol-low-up outcomes had been done. Results The male: female ratio of the 2 groups were 10:4 and 11 : 6 (P >0.05). The average age were (54.64 ± 15.58) and (59.41 ± 10.59) (P >0.05) ,the diseased courses were (5.05 ±10.4) years and (7.34±7.74)years(P >0.05),the left atrial sizes were (35.29±4.73) mm and (36.47 ±6.15)mm (P > 0.05), the total procedure time was (107.23±28.92) rain and (93.47 ±26.09) win (P>0.05). The X-ray exposure time was (21.09 ±6.49)min (modeling group) and (14.16±5.35)min (non-modeling group,P < 0.05). The CPVI time of fight pulmonary veins was (27.29±18.53) rain (model-ing group) and 18.00 ±4.51 min (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The CPVI time of left pulmonary veins was (28.14 ±9.26) rain (modeling group) and (23.94±7.10) rain (non-modeling group, P < 0.05). The successful rates was 85.7% (modeling group) and 82.4% (non-modeling group, P > 0.05) over follow-up for 2 to 13 months. Conclusion Carto system guided catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation without modeling of left atrium and pulmonary veins could take less time in X-ray exposure and ablation steps, compa-ring with left atrium modeling one.