Expression of Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ Complex,a Receptor of Thrombin,in Patients with Hemorrhagic Thrombopathy

To investigate the role of platelet membrane glycoprotein （GP） Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and its subunit GP Ibα in patients with hemorrhagic thrombopathy （HT）, the expressions of GP Ib/Ⅸ/Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα,defined as mean fluorescence intensity （MFI）, were assessed by flow cytometry. The maximum aggregation of platelet was determined by turbidity method. These indicators were compared among 68 HT patients with the presenting complaint of hemorrhage, 33 well-controlled HT patients and 32 normal healthy subjects. The results showed that the MFI of GP Ib/Ⅸ /Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα was markedly lower in HT patients with current hemorrhage than that in the healthy subjects, with difference being statistically significant （P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in the expressions of GP Ib/ Ⅸ/ Ⅴ complex and GP Ibα between well-controlled HT patients and normal healthy subjects （P〉0.05）. It was concluded that the expression of GP Ib/Ⅸ /Ⅴ complex, the receptor of thrombin and von Willebrand factor, was down-regulated in HT patients with current hemorrhage, which might result in the dysfunction of platelet aggregation and recurrence of HT.     

健脾益气活血方治疗脾虚型血小板聚集缺陷症疗效观察

[目的]观察健脾益气活血方对脾虚型血小板聚集缺陷症的治疗效果.[方法]148例脾虚型血小板聚集缺陷症患者随机分为两组,中药组98例用自拟健脾益气活血方治疗;西药组50例用安络血、维生素C、K、P治疗,两组均治疗6个月.观察两组治疗后止血疗效及血小板聚集缺陷的恢复率.[结果]中药组止血总有效率为89.8%;西药组为54.0%(x2=45.83,P＜0.01);中药组血小板聚集缺陷的恢复率为72.4%,西药组仅4.0%(x2=62.06,P＜0.01).[结论]健脾益气活血方治疗脾虚型血小板聚集缺陷症疗效优于常规西药.     

姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱研究

目的建立姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱,为控制姜黄的质量提供科学依据。方法采用气相色谱法,Elite-WAX ETR(0.25μm×0.25mm×30m)柱;程序升温:初始温度40℃,以7℃/min升至130℃,再以10℃/min升至200℃,保持15min;载气为高纯氮气(≥99.999%),载气流量2.0Ml/min;分流比为10∶1,检测器:FID,检测器温度:280℃,进样口温度:250℃。结果分析10个批次的姜黄样品后,得到18个共有峰,建立了姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱,且各批次样品相似度均在0.90以上。结论建立了姜黄挥发油成分气相指纹图谱,该方法简单可靠,安全易行,可为姜黄整体质量评价提供依据。     

从临床实践谈清肺排毒汤的合理应用

目的总结新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")患者使用清肺排毒汤后出现的不良反应。方法选择2020年2月18日至3月5日在华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院西院住院确诊的新冠肺炎患者383例,常规服用盐酸阿比多尔片或洛匹那韦利托那韦片抗病毒,同时给予清肺排毒汤治疗,3天为1个疗程,最多服药3个疗程。观察服药过程中出现的不良反应。将血清转氨酶升高患者随机分成A、B两组,A组患者同时停用抗病毒药物和清肺排毒汤,B组患者仅停用抗病毒药物,继续服用清肺排毒汤。比较两组患者用药前后及停药后门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平。结果 338例患者中有56例(16.57%)汗出增多,其中2例(0.59%)汗出过多;12例(3.55%)血清转氨酶升高;20例(5.92%)出现胃脘痛;16例(3.25%)出现腹泻症状;其他不良反应,诸如恶心呕吐、心悸失眠、血压血糖改变、皮肤过敏等发生率低,临床症状均较轻,停药后即缓解。12例血清转氨酶升高患者随机范围A、B两组各6例。与用药前比较,A、B组用药后AST、ALT显著升高(P<0.01),停药后恢复正常(P>0.05),A组...     

四川省西昌市商业性女性性服务者艾滋病病毒检测情况及其影响因素研究

目的了解四川省西昌市社区商业性女性性服务者(FSW)近1年艾滋病病毒(HIV)检测情况及其影响因素。方法对西昌市社区404名FSW进行一对一问卷调查,调查其社会人口学、高危行为特征,并进行HIV和梅毒抗体检测。结果调查对象HIV和梅毒感染率分别为1.5%(6/404)和12.1%(49/404)。有35.2%(142/404)的调查对象近1年参加过HIV检测。多因素logistic回归分析显示,从事性服务工作时间长(OR=3.0,95%CI为1.9～4.7)、与性消费者交易1次收费高(OR=2.1,95%CI为1.6～3.9)、近1个月新性伴数少(OR=1.65,95%CI为1.05～2.59)、知道哪里可以检测HIV(OR=2.69,95%CI为1.69～4.28)是FSW近1年参加过HIV检测的影响因素。结论该地区FSW HIV检测率较低,应对其加大宣传教育力度,强化该人群的危险意识,以提高其HIV检测的接受利用程度。     

核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体含pyrin结构域蛋白6在炎症性肠病中作用机制研究进展

炎症性肠病(inflammatory bowel disease, IBD)是一种病因未明的慢性肠道炎症性疾病,症状易反复发作,迁延不愈,治疗手段及疗效有限.近期有较多研究表明核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体含pyrin结构域蛋白6(NLR family, pyrin domain containing6, Nlrp6)在IBD及相关肿瘤方面具有调节肠道免疫及微生物菌群的重要作用, Nlrp6促进白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-18及抗菌肽的分泌,IL-18可抑制IL-22BP的产生,增强IL-22作用,并通过My D88通路来促进上皮细胞增殖; Nlrp6还可通过Toll-like receptors调节杯状细胞分泌Mucoprotein2,清除肠道细菌,调节肠道免疫功能及维持肠道菌群稳态.由于IBD有一定癌变倾向,研究人员发现Nlrp6可作用于NOTCH及Wnt靶点,激活趋化因子配体5及IL-6信号通路,调节上皮细胞增殖,影响IBD相关性结直肠癌.本文就Nlrp6在IBD中的作用机制作一综述.     

TNBS诱导大鼠实验性结肠炎的致病机制

目的 探讨三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)诱导大鼠实验性结肠炎的致病机制.方法 18只雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组,每组6只:正常组、模型组、美沙拉嗪组.除正常对照组未行造模外,其余两组大鼠均采用TNBS造模.模型组不设干预,正常饮食;美沙拉嗪组给予美沙拉嗪混悬液0.42 g/(kg·d)灌胃;治疗15 d后观察大鼠的结肠病理组织学改变,用免疫组化染色法观察大鼠结肠组织IL-17、β2AR、β-arrestin2、NF-κBp65的表达;用Western blot法检测大鼠脾淋巴细胞β2AR,β-arrestin2和NF-κBp65蛋白的表达;用RT-PCR法检测大鼠结肠组织STAT6 mRNA的表达.结果 美沙拉嗪组大鼠的腹泻、黏液脓血便症状得到较快改善,大鼠黏膜组织损伤也明显改善.与正常组相比,模型组大鼠NF-κBp65和STAT6 mRNA表达增多(P＜0.01),β2AR和β-arrestin2的表达减少(P＜0.01);与模型组比较,美沙拉嗪组大鼠脾淋巴细胞NF-κBp65和STAT6 mRNA表达减少(P＜0.01),而β2AR和β-arrestin2的表达增多(P＜0.01).IL-17在正常组和美沙拉嗪组呈低表达,而在模型组呈高表达.结论 IL-17、β2AR、β-arrestin2、NF-κBp65、STAT6在TNBS诱导大鼠实验性结肠炎的致病过程中发挥重要调节作用.     

Role of β2-adrenoceptor-β-arrestin2-nuclear factor-κB signal transduction pathway and intervention effects of oxymatrine in ulcerative colitis

Objective:To investigate the β2-adrenoceptor(β2AR)-β-arrestin2-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) signal transduction pathway and the intervention effects of oxymatrine in a rat model of ulcerative colitis.Methods: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into four groups,which included the normal control group,the model group, the mesalazine group and the oxymatrine treatment group,with 10 rats per group.Experimental colitis induced with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS) was established in each group except the normal control group.The rats in the oxymatrine treatment group were treated with intramuscular injection of oxymatrine 63 mg/(kg·d) for 15 days and the rats in the mesalazine group were treated with mesalazine solution 0.5 g/(kg·d) by gastric lavage for 15 days. The rats in the normal control group and model group were treated with 3 mL water by gastric lavage for 15 days. Diarrhea and bloody stool were carefully observed.Histological changes in colonic tissue were examined on day 7 in 2 rats per group that were randomly selected.The expression of β2AR,β-arrestin2 and NF-κB p65 in colon tissue and spleen lymphocytes were detected with immunohistochemistry and Western immunoblotting techniques on day 16 after fasting for 24 h.Six rats died of lavage with 2 each in the normal control,the model group and the mesalazine group;and were not included in the analysis.Results:The rats in the model group suffered from looser stool and bloody purulent stool after modeling.But in the oxymatrine and mesalazine groups,looser stool and bloody purulent stool reduced after treatment.And the colonic wall in the model group was thickened and the colon length shortened.The colon mucosa was congested in multiple areas with edema,erosion,superficial or linear ulcer and scar formation,while the intestinal mucosa injury reduced in the mesalazine and oxymatrine groups(P<0.01).In colonic mucosa and in spleen lymphocytes,compared with the normal control group,the expression of NF-κBp65 were significantly increased(P<0.01) in the model group while the expressions ofβ2AR andβ-arrestin2 were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the expression of NF-κBp65 was significantly decreased in the mesalazine group(P<0.01) and oxymatrine treatment group(P<0.01) while the expressions of β2AR and β-arrestin2 were significantly increased(P<0.01).There were no statistically significant differences in the expression of β2AR,β-arrestin2 and NF-κBp65 between the mesalazine group and oxymatrine group(P>0.05).Conclusions:The β2AR-β-arrestin2-NF-κB signal transduction pathway participated in the pathologic course of ulcerative colitis.Oxymatrine attenuated ulcerative colitis through regulating the β2AR-β-arrestin2-NF-κB signal transduction pathway.     

注射用头孢地嗪钠与奥美拉唑钠配伍稳定性考察

目的 考察在避光条件下注射用头孢地嗪钠与奥美拉唑钠的配伍稳定性. 方法 采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定配伍液在4,25,37 ℃条件下放置8 h内不同时间点含量的变化,并观察其外观及测定pH. 结果头孢地嗪钠与奥美拉唑钠配伍液在4 ℃放置8 h、25 ℃放置4 h、37 ℃放置2 h内外观及pH值无明显变化,含量变化在5%内. 结论 注射用头孢地嗪钠与奥美拉唑钠的配伍液配伍后4 ℃ 8 h,25 ℃ 6 h、37 ℃ 2 h内可使用.     

大学生饮食卫生行为态度调查

目的了解大学生饮食行为习惯,分析存在的问题和原因,为卫生相关部门制定针对性的饮食卫生教育措施提供参考依据和建议。方法采用根据性别、年级、学院分层按比例抽样的方法,对四川大学本科一、二、三年级的1？551名同学进行自拟问卷调查。结果在选择就餐地点时,56.3%的大学生选择＂环境好、干净卫生＂,只有7.8%的学生重视卫生许可证,14.9%的学生认为从业人员应该也必须有健康证,30.6%的学生认为餐具必须消毒后才能使用。大学生购买没有营业许可证的流动小摊上食品的比例超过80%,只有21%的大学生能够做到每次饭前洗手。结论绝大多数大学生对就餐过程各环节的卫生健康状况有要求,但对具体的卫生标准认识模糊。大部分大学生饭前洗手意识薄弱,身边洗手设施配备不足。大学生对存在卫生安全隐患食品的危害认识不足。