经眉额入路切除巨大垂体腺瘤1例

1病历摘要患者女性,41岁。因反复头痛,视力下降,闭经3年入院,头痛为渐进性加重,双眼颞侧偏盲,以右侧为重,眼底表现为原发性视神经萎缩。血泌乳素水平为36.46ng/ml,CT及MRI示肿瘤大小为4.2×     

手术治疗小脑梗死15例临床体会

小脑梗死临床并不少见，近年来随着CT、MRI广泛应用，小脑梗死报道日渐增多。我们收集2000年8月至2008年8月手术治疗小脑梗死患者15例，分析总结如下：     

脑梗死合并卵圆孔未闭28例临床分析

卵圆孔是胎儿时期允许血液自右心房流入左心房的孔道,出生后逐渐闭合。但在20%~25%的成人中,尚留下极细小的裂隙,由位于左心房面的活瓣组织覆盖。在正常的情况下,左心房的压力高于右心房,该活瓣关闭,不致发生分流,因此无病理、生理变化,但在右心房压力增高的情况下,该活瓣开放,可引起右到左的分流[1],即所谓的卵圆孔未闭。卵圆孔未闭是最常见的房缺类型之一,是最常见的成人先天性心脏病(先心病)。业已证实,卵圆孔未闭可作为来自静脉循环“反常性栓子”[2]的通道导致脑梗死。2004年1月—2006年12月,本院收治无明确高危因素脑梗死并卵圆孔未闭…     

冠状动脉介入治疗的常见急性并发症及处理

目前,经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)作为心肌梗死、不稳定性心绞痛的治疗方法已被广泛应用.随着操作者经验的增加,PTCA器材的改进,手术并发症越来越少.充分了解术中常见并发症及处理要点,对保证手术安全及工作顺利开展非常重要.兹作简要介绍.     

地塞米松对脑损伤大鼠核转录因子-κB水平的影响

Objective To explore the effects of dexamethasone on nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) expression in brain tissue after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups: dexamethasone treatment and no treatment, and severe brain injury was produced by gas percussion in both groups. At 0, 6, 24, 72 and 120 hours after injury, 5 rats of each group were executed and the histopathological changes in brain tissue in rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain. The expression of NF-κB in brain tissue of rats was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results NF-κB expression was significantly up-regulated at 6 hours in brain tissue of rats after TBI (P<0.05), reaching the highest level at 24 hours (P<0. 01). It showed a tendency to lower, but was still high at 120 hours after TBI (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After treatment with dexamethasone, NF-κB level was lowered at 6, 24 and 72 hours (all P<0. 01). Conclusion NF-κB expression is up-regulated in brain tissue in early period after TBI, and keeps on a high level, thus inducing inflammatory response to produce secondary injury to brain tissue. Dexamethasone shows protective effects by regulating the levels of NF-κB and prevents secondary injury which is caused by the inflammatory cytokines in rat brain tissue after TBI.     

三种口服避孕药在人工月经周期应用中对骨代谢的影响比较研究

目的：通过服用3种口服避孕药妈富隆、敏定偶、左旋18-甲基炔诺酮（18-甲），拟探讨3种口服避孕药对骨代谢的影响，阐明何种药物更适合于调整月经周期，提供新的理论依据和实践方法。方法：将试验对象随机分成3组，分别服用3种药物，进行人工月经周期。结果：血清前钙素、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸醇在妈富隆组和敏定偶组服药后呈现下降的趋势。结论：妈富隆和敏定偶对骨代谢的影响相似，而且要优于18-甲。提示我们经常短期应用激素类口服避孕药的青年女子应该慎重，以免产生积累性负面效应，18-甲更应该引起我们的注意。     

地塞米松对脑损伤大鼠核转录因子-κB水平的影响

Objective To explore the effects of dexamethasone on nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) expression in brain tissue after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups: dexamethasone treatment and no treatment, and severe brain injury was produced by gas percussion in both groups. At 0, 6, 24, 72 and 120 hours after injury, 5 rats of each group were executed and the histopathological changes in brain tissue in rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain. The expression of NF-κB in brain tissue of rats was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results NF-κB expression was significantly up-regulated at 6 hours in brain tissue of rats after TBI (P<0.05), reaching the highest level at 24 hours (P<0. 01). It showed a tendency to lower, but was still high at 120 hours after TBI (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After treatment with dexamethasone, NF-κB level was lowered at 6, 24 and 72 hours (all P<0. 01). Conclusion NF-κB expression is up-regulated in brain tissue in early period after TBI, and keeps on a high level, thus inducing inflammatory response to produce secondary injury to brain tissue. Dexamethasone shows protective effects by regulating the levels of NF-κB and prevents secondary injury which is caused by the inflammatory cytokines in rat brain tissue after TBI.     

膝关节功能评估表的临床研究

目的:研究膝关节功能评分表(百分法)的临床意义。方法:83例患者,男44例,女39例,年龄19-40岁,平均31岁。受伤时间1—28天,平均8天。损伤情况:半月板损伤60例,其中左膝27例,右膝33例:前交叉韧带断裂合并半月板损伤23例,其中左膝9例,右膝14例。患者入院后,统一由一名康复治疗师分别使用膝关节功能评分表(百分法)和Lysholm评分表进行膝关节功能评估。将二组评分值进行双变量相关分析。结果:83例患者采用膝关节功能评估表(百分法)评估、评分为52.58±19.18;采用Lysholm评分表评估,评分为51.86±19.71。将二组评分数值进行双变量相关分析,结果r=0.975,P<0.01,显示二组资料具有显著相关性。结论:膝关节功能评估表(百分法)使用方便,门诊、病房应用时,医、患间易于沟通,符合中国人的生活习惯和对临床问诊问题的理解。临床评分结果经统计学处理,与目前国际上应用效率较高的Lysholm评分法显著相关,因此,具有可靠性和实用性的特点。     

双层隔离痰盂的研制与临床应用

为改善临床病人的分泌物对环境造成的污染及减少分泌物对人视觉的不良刺激,改善就医环境,减少交叉感染,2003年8月—2006年5月我科自行研制了一种新型痰盂———双层隔离痰盂,经临床初试、终试及不断的改进和完善,最终制成成品,并应用于临床,收到满意的效果。现报道如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料病人均为本院呼吸科住院病人,共56例,其中男36例,女20例;年龄15岁~86岁,平均56.8岁。病种有慢性支气管炎、肺源性心脏病、肺炎、肺癌等。1.2痰盂选择双层隔离痰盂:由不透明塑料制作成中间有一个11cm小孔漏斗形的带边痰盂上部,下面用塑料制作成带有刻…     

地塞米松对脑损伤大鼠核转录因子-κB水平的影响

Objective To explore the effects of dexamethasone on nuclear factor-kB (NF-κB) expression in brain tissue after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Forty rats were randomly divided into two groups: dexamethasone treatment and no treatment, and severe brain injury was produced by gas percussion in both groups. At 0, 6, 24, 72 and 120 hours after injury, 5 rats of each group were executed and the histopathological changes in brain tissue in rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) stain. The expression of NF-κB in brain tissue of rats was detected by immunohistochemical method. Results NF-κB expression was significantly up-regulated at 6 hours in brain tissue of rats after TBI (P<0.05), reaching the highest level at 24 hours (P<0. 01). It showed a tendency to lower, but was still high at 120 hours after TBI (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). After treatment with dexamethasone, NF-κB level was lowered at 6, 24 and 72 hours (all P<0. 01). Conclusion NF-κB expression is up-regulated in brain tissue in early period after TBI, and keeps on a high level, thus inducing inflammatory response to produce secondary injury to brain tissue. Dexamethasone shows protective effects by regulating the levels of NF-κB and prevents secondary injury which is caused by the inflammatory cytokines in rat brain tissue after TBI.