The break of L-S coupling and the double Stark resonance in the spectrum of 36P → 37P two-photon transition in Rydberg atoms of sodium

New results are presented of an experimental investigation of the spectrum of 36P → 37P two-photon microwave transition in Rydberg atoms of sodium in a constant electric field. Depending on the conditions of excitation of the initial 36P state (the constant electric field is switched on either before or after the exciting laser pulse) and polarization of laser radiation, a strong variation is observed of the amplitudes of individual two-photon transitions between the fine-structure Stark components of the 36P and 37P states. This effect is an analog of the Paschen-Back effect in a strong magnetic field and is due to the break of L-S coupling and to the variation of the wave functions of Rydberg electrons in an electric field. It is also found that the break of L-S coupling affects considerably the shape of double Stark resonance arising upon intersection of the virtual intermediate level of two-photon transition with the real intermediate 37S level.     

Synthesis and structure of O-(arylcarbamoyl)butyrhydroximoyl chlorides

The O-(arylcarbamoyl)butyrhydroximoyl chlorides were synthesized, and the x-ray structural analysis (XSA) of one of them — O-(o-tolylcarbamoyl)butyrhydroximoyl chloride — was performed. It was established from the data of the XSA and the PMR spectra that all synthesized compounds are the Z isomers.Institute of Physiologically Active Substances, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142432 Chernogolovka. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2, pp. 315–319, February, 1992.     

Optical characteristics of a transverse volume discharge in a helium-hydrogen chloride mixture

The emission characteristics of a transverse volume discharge in a He: HCl = 10: 1 mixture at a total pressure of 1–8 kPa were investigated. The plasma volume was 18 × 2.2 × 1 cm³, the interelectrode distance was d=2.2 cm, and the charging voltage of the main storage capacitor was 5–10 kV. The emission characteristics of the discharge were studied in the spectral range of 500–1000 nm. This type of discharge can be used in pulsed dry-etching plasmochemical reactors. The density of atomic chlorine radicals in the plasma was optimized in terms of the pressure of the initial working He-HCl mixture by measuring the relative radiation intensity of the Cl 837(5)-nm spectral line. The density of molecular radicals can be monitored indirectly by recording radiation from the excited chlorine-free decomposition products of HCl molecules (the H_α 656-nm line).     

Electrochemical procedure for express evaluation of the corrosion effect of aqueous glycol solutions on metals

Electrochemical procedure for express evaluation of the corrosion effect of aqueous glycol solutions on the metallic construction materials for cooling systems was studied. This procedure was used to develop new coolant formulations.     

Preparation of ultrapure calcium formate

Crystallization of Ca(HCOO)₂ from aqueous solutions was studied and conditions under which an ultrapure product can be obtained were determined.     

Hydrogen-induced metallization on Ge(1 1 1) c(2 × 8)

We have studied hydrogen adsorption on the Ge(1 1 1) c(2 × 8) surface using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). We find that atomic hydrogen preferentially adsorbs on rest atom sites. The neighbouring adatoms appear higher in STM images, which clearly indicates a charge transfer from the rest atom states to the adatom states. The surface states near the Fermi-level have been followed by ARPES as function of H exposure. Initially, there is strong emission from the rest atom states but no emission at the Fermi-level which confirms the semiconducting character of the c(2 × 8) surface. With increasing H exposure a structure develops in the close vicinity of the Fermi-level. The energy position clearly indicates a metallic character of the H-adsorbed surface. Since the only change in the STM images is the increased brightness of the adatoms neighbouring a H-terminated rest atom, we identify the emission at the Fermi-level with these adatom states.     

Applications of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB MS) to organometallic and coordination chemistry

This article describes the technique of fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB MS) and its applications to the analysis of organometallic and coordination complexes. Sections on ion generation and matrices are followed by a Periodic Group-based review of FAB MS results obtained from Transition Metal and Main Group compounds, organometallic cluster carbonyls and their derivatives, and salts of poly-oxo-anions. The literature has been surveyed from 1981 to approximately mid-1986.     

Local algebras in the representation of MV-algebras

In this paper we present several results about local MV-algebras, extending existing results given for MV-chains. The role of local MV-algebras in sheaf representation and weak boolean product is stressed and the relationship of local MV-algebras with varieties of MV-algebras is analyzed. Presented by S. Pulmannova. Received November 11, 2005; accepted in final form December 20, 2005.     

Elastic instability of the nano-structured state as an intrinsic probe to study the early formation stages of sol–gel derived (Pb<Subscript>1-x</Subscript>Ca<Subscript>x</Subscript>)TiO<Subscript>3</Subscript> thin films

A novel method to investigate the early formation stages of polycrystalline (Pb_1-xCa_x)TiO₃ (PCT) perovskite films by means of traditional Brillouin and micro-Brillouin spectroscopy (BS, mBS) is described in the present work. The films were prepared by chemical solution deposition (CSD) onto oxidized (100)Si substrates and treated at temperatures between 350–650 °C by rapid thermal processing (RTP). The elastic instability observed by Brillouin spectroscopy at the nano-structured state of the PCT films was used here to determine their crystallization temperatures. Coexistence of different nanocrystalline phases (e.g., pyrochlore, perovskite) in the films could also be detected by this technique. The reliability of these results is demonstrated by complementary information obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning force microscopy (SFM). The effects of the annealing temperature and of the Ca²⁺ content on the crystallization process of these films are also discussed. PACS 78.35.+c; 77.84.-s; 61.82.Rx