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传统优化设计认为问题的参数(如材料属性和外加载荷等)是确定的,并且设计变量通常是连续的.而在实际应用中产品制造和测量等存在不可避免的误差,并且工程需要的设计结果(如钢筋截面尺寸等)往往是离散的.即使对于考虑了不确定性参数影响的连续最优解,经过圆整处理后也很可能产生较大偏差甚至变得不可行.针对该难点,本文结合非概率不确定性鲁棒优化算法,建立与离散的基于圆整策略的优化算法列式等价的鲁棒优化列式及用于解决离散优化问题的可置信性鲁棒优化方法.并进一步研究了离散变量不确定性优化问题的可置信性鲁棒优化求解方法,利用非线性半定规划进行高效求解,可严格保证所得结果的可行性.本文揭示了传统离散优化思想和不确定性优化思想的内在联系,完善了优化设计理论体系,为后续相关研究提供了全新思路和示范. 相似文献
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多分辨率拓扑优化(multi-resolution topology optimization, MTOP)方法将有限元网格和密度网格解耦, 采用较粗的网格(超单元)进行有限元分析, 从而大大降低了拓扑优化过程中的结构分析成本. 但MTOP方法每次迭代都需要根据超单元内的平均密度计算有限元单刚, 不仅精度不够且在过滤半径较小的情况容易出现棋盘格现象和QR模式. 为解决相应问题, 本文将超单元视为子结构, 通过静态凝聚得到超单元刚度阵, 并进一步根据拓扑优化过程中子结构的密度分布特征组建了其模板库, 从而省去了超单元单刚的重复计算, 显著提高了MTOP方法的分析精度, 有效抑制了数值不稳定现象. 相似文献
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含有协变量缺失的数据缺失问题是现代统计分析中的热点之一.当缺失数据中同时存在厚尾,偏斜和异方差问题时则更加难以处理.为此,本文提出一种逆概率加权分位回归估计来研究响应和协变量之间的关系.与经典估计方法相比具有明显优势,一方面,该估计量使用了所有可用的数据,并且允许缺失的协变量与响应高度相关;另一方面,该估计量在所有分位数水平上满足一致性和渐近正态性.通过模拟验证了该方法的在有限样本下的有效性,进一步将该方法推广到线性多元回归模型和非参数回归模型. 相似文献
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以聚苯乙烯(PS)纳米球为核,利用紫外光引发聚甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲基氨基乙酯(PDMAEMA)接枝到PS纳米球上,得到对CO_2有刺激响应的聚甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲基氨基乙酯刷(PS-PDMAEMA)。动态光散射(DLS)、电导率结果表明PS-PDMAMEA具有CO_2刺激响应性。该微粒可以作为Pickering乳液的乳化剂,通过导入CO_2或N_2作为开关,进而破坏或稳定Pickering乳液。用数码照片、偏光显微镜等方法表征了乳液的稳定情况。结果表明:PS-PDMAEMA具有很好的CO_2刺激响应性,利用PS-PDMAEMA作为乳化剂稳定Pickering乳液,仅仅依靠气体开关(CO_2或N_2)就可改变乳液的稳定性。 相似文献
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The ClC-type proteins, a large family of chloride transport proteins ubiquitously expressed in biological organisms, have been extensively studied for decades. Biological function of ClC proteins can be reflected by analyzing the binding situation of C1- ions. We investigate ion binding properties of C1C-ecl protein with the atomic molecular dynamics simulation approach. The calculated electrostatic binding energy results indicate that C1- at the central binding site Seen has more binding stability than the internal binding site Sint. Quantitative comparison between the latest experimental heat release data isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and our calculated results demonstrates that chloride ions prefer to bind at Scen than Si.t in the wild-type C1C-ecl structure and prefer to bind at Sext and Scen than Sint in mutant E148A/E148Q structures. Even though the chloride ions make less contribution to heat release when binding to Sint and are relatively unstable in the Cl- pathway, they are still part contributors for the Cl- functional transport. This work provides a guide rule to estimate the importance of Cl- at the binding sites and how chloride ions have influences on the function of C1C proteins. 相似文献
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两千多年前 ,古希腊数学家欧多克斯发现 ,如果将一条线段AB分割成大小两段 (AP>PB) ,小段与大段的长度之比恰好等于大段的长度与全长之比的话 ,多么这一比值近似等于 0 .6 1 8,用式子表示就是 PBAP=APAB≈ 0 .6 1 8,这个点P称为黄金分割点 .大画家达·芬奇把0 .6 1 8称为“黄金数” .有趣的是这个数字在自然界和人们生活中到处可见 :人们的肚脐是人体总长的黄金分割点 ,人的膝盖是肚脐到脚跟的黄金分割点 .大多数门窗的宽长之比是 0 .6 1 8,有些植物茎上 ,两张相邻叶柄的夹角是 1 3 7°3 8′ ,这恰好是把圆周分成 1∶0 .6 1 … 相似文献
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Flexible white top-emitting organic light-emitting diode with a MoO_x roughness improvement layer 下载免费PDF全文
In this paper, an MoOx film is deposited on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate as a buffer layer to improve the surface roughness of the flexible PET substrate. With an optimized MoOx thickness of 100 nm, the surface roughness of the PET substrate can be reduced to a very small value of 0.273 nm (much less than 0.585 nm of the pure PET). Flexible white top-emitting organic light-emitting diodes (TEOLEDs) with red and blue dual phosphorescent emitting layers are constructed based on a low-reflectivity Sm/Ag semi-transparent cathode. The flexible white emission exhibits the best luminance and current injection characteristics with the 100-nm-thick MoOx buffer layer and this result indicates that a smooth substrate is beneficial to the enhancement of device electrical and electroluminescence performances. However, the white TEOLED with a 50-nm-thick MoOx buffer layer exhibits a maximum current efficiency of 4.64 cd/A and a power efficiency of 1.9 lm/W, slightly higher than those with a 100-nm MoOx buffer layer, which is mainly due to an obvious intensity enhancement but limited current increases in 50-nm MoOx-based white TEOLED. The change amplitudes of the Commission International de l’Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates are less than (0.016, 0.005) for all devices in a wide luminance range over 100 cd/m2, indicating an excellent color stability in our white flexible TEOLEDs. Additionally, the flexible white TEOLED with an MoOx buffer layer shows excellent flexibility to withstand more than 500 bending times under a curvature radius of approximately 9 mm. Research demonstrates that it is mainly attributed to the high surface energy of the MoOx buffer layer, which is conducible to the improvement of the surface adhesion to the PET substrate and the Ag anode. 相似文献