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991.
Wen?YanEmail author David?Polidori Lynn?Yieh Jianing?Di Xiaodong?Wu Veronica?Moreno Lina?Li Celia?P.?Briscoe Nigel?Shankley G.?Lynis?Dohm Walter?J.?Pories 《Obesity surgery》2014,24(11):1969-1974
Changes in gastrointestinal peptide release may play an important role in improving glucose control and reducing body weight following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), but the impact of low caloric intake on gut peptide release post-surgery has not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships between low caloric intake and gut peptide release and how they were altered by RYGB. Obese females including ten normoglycemic (ON) and ten with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (OD) were studied before, 1 week, and 3 months after RYGB. Nine lean, normoglycemic women were studied for comparison. Subjects were given three separate mixed meal challenges (MMCs; 75, 150, and 300 kcal). Plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY) were analyzed. Prior to surgery, only minimal increases in GLP-1 and PYY were observed in response to the MMCs. After surgery, the peak GLP-1 concentration was progressively elevated in response to increasing meal sizes. The meal sizes had a statistically significant impact on elevation of GLP-1 incremental areas under the curve (ΔAUC) in both ON and OD at 1 week and 3 months post-surgery visits (p?<?0.05 for all comparisons). The PYY ?AUC was also significantly increased in a meal size-dependent manner in both ON and OD at both post-surgery visits (p?<?0.05 for all comparisons). Meal sizes as small as 75–300 kcal, which cause minimal stimulation in GLP-1 or PYY release in the subjects before RYGB, are sufficient to provide statistically significant, meal size-dependent increases in the peptides post-RYGB both acutely and after meaningful weight loss occurred. 相似文献
992.
Brunella Posteraro Roberta PastorinoPaolo Di Giannantonio Carolina IanualeRosarita Amore Walter RicciardiStefania Boccia 《Vaccine》2014
Although immune response to vaccines can be influenced by several parameters, human genetic variations are thought to strongly influence the variability in vaccine responsiveness. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are needed to clarify the genetic contribution to this variability, which may affect the efficacy of existing vaccines. We performed a systematic literature search to identify all studies describing the associations of allelic variants or single nucleotide polymorphisms in immune response genes with vaccine responses until July 2013. The studies fulfilling inclusion criteria were meta-analyzed. 相似文献
993.
Stefano Mariano Marta Pardo Clelia Buccheri Placido Illiano Annalisa Adinolfi Sara Lucia M. Lo Russo Enrico Alleva Cristiana Carbone Walter Adriani 《Developmental psychobiology》2020,62(4):505-518
There is considerable interest in understanding what makes an individual vulnerable or resilient to the deleterious effects of stressful events. From candidate genes, dopamine (DA) and dopamine transporter (DAT) have been linked to anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. We investigated role of DAT using the new DAT heterozygous (DAT-HET) and homozygous mutant (DAT-KO) rat models of hyperdopaminergia. We studied the impact of two breeding conditions in spontaneous locomotor behavior of female rats. The classical colony, through mating DAT-HET males × DAT-HET females (breeding HET–HET), was used. A second WT colony was derived and maintained (breeding WT–WT). Additionally, a subgroup of rats was bred through mating DAT-KO males × WT females (atypical HET, breeding KO–WT). We studied the effects of genotype and its interaction with maternal care (depending by breeding condition). HET–HET breeding led to reduced activity in HET females compared to WT rats (from WT–WT breeding). However, HET females from KO–WT breeding did not differ so much from WT rats (WT–WT breeding). The maternal-care impact was then confirmed: HET mothers (breeding HET–HET) showed reduced liking/grooming of pups and increased digging away from nest, compared to WT mothers (breeding WT–WT). In their female offspring (HET, breeding HET–HET vs. WT, breeding WT–WT), isolation plus wet bedding induced higher and more persistent impact on activity of HET rats, even when the stressor was removed. Our results highlight the importance of epigenetic factors (e.g., maternal care) in responses to stress expressed by offspring at adulthood, quite independently of genotype. DAT hypofunction could determinate vulnerability to stressful agents via altered maternal care. 相似文献
994.
995.
Ioana Agache Jessica Beltran Cezmi Akdis Mubeccel Akdis Carlos Canelo-Aybar Giorgio Walter Canonica Thomas Casale Tomas Chivato Jonathan Corren Stefano Del Giacco Thomas Eiwegger Davide Firinu James E. Gern Eckard Hamelmann Nicola Hanania Mika Mäkelä Irene Hernández-Martín Parameswaran Nair Liam O'Mahony Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos Alberto Papi Hae-Sim Park Luis Pérez de Llano Margarita Posso Claudio Rocha Santiago Quirce Joaquin Sastre Mohamed Shamji Yang Song Corinna Steiner Jurgen Schwarze Pablo Alonso-Coello Oscar Palomares Marek Jutel 《Allergy》2020,75(5):1023-1042
Five biologicals have been approved for severe eosinophilic asthma, a well-recognized phenotype. Systematic reviews (SR) evaluated the efficacy and safety of benralizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab, omalizumab and reslizumab (alphabetical order) compared to standard of care for severe eosinophilic asthma. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library were searched to identify RCTs and health economic evaluations, published in English. Critical and important asthma-related outcomes were evaluated for each of the biologicals. The risk of bias and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using GRADE. 19 RCTs (three RCTs for benralizumab, three RCTs for dupilumab, three RCTs for mepolizumab, five RCTs for omalizumab and five RCTs for reslizumab), including subjects 12 to 75 years old (except for omalizumab including also subjects 6-11 years old), ranging from 12 to 56 weeks were evaluated. All biologicals reduce exacerbation rates with high certainty of evidence: benralizumab incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.53 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.72), dupilumab (IRR) 0.43 (95% CI 0.32 to 0.59), mepolizumab IRR 0.49 (95% CI 0.38 to 0.66), omalizumab (IRR) 0.56 (95% CI 0.40 to 0.77) and reslizumab (IRR) 0.46 (95% CI 0.37 to 0.58). Benralizumab, dupilumab and mepolizumab reduce the daily dose of oral corticosteroids (OCS) with high certainty of evidence. All evaluated biologicals probably improve asthma control, QoL and FEV1, without reaching the minimal important difference (moderate certainty). Benralizumab, mepolizumab and reslizumab slightly increase drug-related adverse events (AE) and drug-related serious AE (low to very low certainty of evidence). The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio per quality-adjusted life year value is above the willingness to pay threshold for all biologicals (moderate certainty). Potential savings are driven by decrease in hospitalizations, emergency and primary care visits. There is high certainty that all approved biologicals reduce the rate of severe asthma exacerbations and for benralizumab, dupilumab and mepolizumab for reducing OCS. There is moderate certainty for improving asthma control, QoL, FEV1. More data on long-term safety are needed together with more efficacy data in the paediatric population. 相似文献
996.
Sharon V. dos Reis Walter O. Beys-da-Silva Lucas Tirloni Lucélia Santi Adriana Seixas Carlos Termignoni Márcia V. da Silva Alexandre J. Macedo 《Journal of basic microbiology》2020,60(9):809-815
The aim of this study was to select and identify thermophilic bacteria from Caatinga biome (Brazil) able to produce thermoactive keratinases and characterize the keratinase produced by the selected isolate. After enrichment in keratin culture media, an Anoxybacillus caldiproteolyticus PC2 was isolated. This thermotolerant isolate presents a remarkable feature producing a thermostable keratinase at 60°C. The partially purified keratinase, identified as a thermolysin-like peptidase, was active at a pH range of 5.0–10.0 with maximal activity at a temperature range of 50–80°C. The optimal activity was observed at pH 7.0 and 50–60°C. These characteristics are potentially useful for biotechnological purposes such as processing and bioconversion of keratin. 相似文献
997.
Chiara Masetti Elena Generali Francesca Colapietro Antonio Voza Maurizio Cecconi Antonio Messina Paolo Omodei Claudio Angelini Michele Ciccarelli Salvatore Badalamenti G. Walter Canonica Ana Lleo Alessio Aghemo the for the Humanitas Covid- Task Force 《European journal of clinical investigation》2020,50(9):e13314
998.
Thiago Thomaz Mafort MD PhD Agnaldo José Lopes MD PhD Cláudia Henrique da Costa MD PhD Mariana Soares da Cal MS Mariana Carneiro Lopes MD Bruno Rangel Antunes da Silva MD PhD Luana Fortes Faria MD Anamelia Costa Faria MD MSc Walter Costa MD Raquel Esteves Brandão Salles MD Marcos César Santos de Castro MD MSc Rogério Rufino MD PhD 《Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU》2020,48(9):515-521
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1000.