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41.
Antoine JC Absi L Honnorat J Boulesteix JM de Brouker T Vial C Butler M De Camilli P Michel D 《Archives of neurology》1999,56(2):172-177
BACKGROUND: Antiamphiphysin antibodies react with a 128-kd protein found in synaptic vesicles.They were first described in patients with paraneoplastic stiff-man syndrome and breast cancer, but studies suggest that they can also occur in patients with other tumors and neurological disorders. OBJECTIVE: To determine if antiamphiphysin antibodies are associated with various paraneoplastic neurological syndromes and tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 2800 serum samples tested by routine immunohistochemical procedures on sections of paraformaldehyde-fixed rat brain for the detection of autoantibodies associated with paraneoplastic neurological syndromes, 5 were selected because of labeling suggestive of antiamphiphysin antibodies and subsequently confirmed by the results of Western blot analysis using recombinant amphiphysin protein. Controls consisted of 40 patients with various nonparaneoplastic neurological diseases; 101 patients with cancer but without paraneoplastic neurological syndrome; 9 patients with small cell lung cancer, anti-Hu antibodies, and paraneoplastic neurological syndrome; 3 patients with M2-type antimitochondrial antibodies but no neurological disorder; and 30 normal subjects. RESULTS: Of the 5 patients with antiamphiphysin antibodies, patient 1 had sensory neuronopathy, encephalomyelitis, and breast cancer; patient 2 had limbic encephalitis, and small cell lung cancer was detected in the mediastinum after 24 months of follow-up; patient 3 had encephalomyelitis and ovarian carcinoma; and patients 4 and 5 had Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and small cell lung cancer (patient 4 subsequently developed cerebellar degeneration). None of the 5 had stiffness. Two patients (Nos. 2 and 4) had antimitochondrial antibodies. The two patients (Nos. 4 and 5) with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome had antibodies directed against the voltage-gated calcium channel, and patient 2 subsequently developed anti-Hu antibodies. In the controls, antiamphiphysin antibodies were detected by Western blot analysis in 3 of 8 patients with anti-Hu antibodies, but in none of the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that antiamphiphysin antibodies are not specific for one type of tumor or one neurological syndrome and can be associated with other neural and nonneural antibodies. The simultaneous association of several antibodies in some patients suggests multimodal autoantibody production. 相似文献
42.
Honnorat J Byk T Kusters I Aguera M Ricard D Rogemond V Quach T Aunis D Sobel A Mattei MG Kolattukudy P Belin MF Antoine JC 《The European journal of neuroscience》1999,11(12):4226-4232
Anti-CV2 autoantibodies have recently been discovered in patients with paraneoplastic neurological diseases (PND). These disorders are associated with neuronal degeneration, mediated by autoimmune processes, in patients with systemic cancer. Anti-CV2 autoantibodies recognize a brain protein of 66 kDa developmentally regulated and specifically expressed by a subpopulation of oligodendrocytes in the adult brain. Here, we demonstrate that anti-CV2 sera recognize several post-translationally modified forms of Ulip4/CRMP3, a member of a protein family related to the axonal guidance and homologous to the Unc-33 gene product in Caenorhabditis elegans. The sequence of the human Ulip4/CRMP3 was determined and the gene localized to chromosome 10q25.2-q26, a region mutated in glioblastomas and containing tumour suppressor genes. The identification of the Ulip/CRMP proteins as recognized by anti-CV2 sera should provide new insights into the role of Ulip/CRMPs in oligodendrocytes and into pathophysiology of PND. 相似文献
43.
44.
Peter J Harris Siriphun Hiranyachattada Arianne M Antoine Lesley Walker Angela M Reilly Eveline Eitle 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》1996,23(Z3):112-118
- 1 The effects of angiotensin II (AngII) on water and electrolyte transport are biphasic and dose-dependent, such that low concentrations (10?12 to 10?9 mol/L) stimulate reabsorption and high concentrations (10?7 to 10?6 mol/L) inhibit reabsorption. Similar dose-response relationships have been obtained for luminal and peritubular addition of AngII.
- 2 The cellular responses to AngII are mediated via AT1 receptors coupled via G-regulatory proteins to several possible signal transduction pathways. These include the inhibition of adenylyl cyclase, activation of phospholipases A2, C or D and Ca2+ release in response to inositol-1,4,5,-triphosphate or following Ca2+ channel opening induced by the arachidonic acid metabolite 5,6,-epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid. In the brush border membrane, transduction of the AngII signal involves phospholipase A2, but does not require second messengers.
- 3 Angiotensin II affects transepithelial sodium transport by modulation of Na+/H+ exchange at the luminal membrane and Na+/HCO3 cotransport, Na+/K+-ATPase activity and K+ conductance at the basolateral membrane.
- 4 Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) does not appear to affect proximal tubular sodium transport directly, but acts via specific receptors on the basolateral and brush border membranes to raise intracellular cGMP levels and inhibit AngII-stimulated transport.
- 5 It is concluded that there is a receptor-mediated action of ANF on proximal tubule reabsorption acting via elevation of cGMP to inhibit AngII-stimulated sodium transport. This effect is exerted by peptides delivered at both luminal and peritubular sides of the epithelium and provides a basis for the modulation by ANF of proximal glomerulotubular balance. The evidence reviewed supports the concept that in the proximal tubule, AngII and ANF act antagonistically in their roles as regulators of extracellular fluid volume.
45.
The treatment of infections caused by obligate or facultative intracellular microorganisms is difficult because most of the available antibiotics have either poor intracellular diffusion and retention or reduced activity at the acidic pH of the lysosomes. The need for antibiotics with greater intracellular efficacy led to the development of endocytosable drug carriers, such as liposomes and nanoparticles, which mimic the entry path of the bacteria by penetrating the cells into phagosomes or lysosomes. This Review assesses the potential of liposomes and nanoparticles in the targeted antibiotic therapy of intracellular bacterial infections and diseases and the pharmaceutical advantages and limitations of these submicron delivery systems. 相似文献
46.
Jean E. de La Coussaye Bruno P. Bassoul Bernard Albat Pascale A. Peray Jean-Pierre Gagnol Jean-Jacques Eledjam Antoine Sassine 《Journal canadien d'anesthésie》1992,39(2):192-197
The intravascular injection of a large dose of bupivacaine induces electrophysiological cardiac impairment, mainly by slowing ventricular conduction velocity, and haemodynamic depression, by a decrease in myocardial contractility. When cardiotoxicity occurs, succinylcholine rapidly stops convulsions. However, the possible interactions between bupivacaine and succinylcholine on cardiac electrophysiology and haemodynamic status have never been investigated. Thus, we used an experimental electrophysiological model involving closed-chest dogs. Three groups (n = 6) of pentobarbital-anaesthetized dogs were given 0.2 mg.kg-1 atropine iv. Dogs in Group 1 were given saline. The others received 4 mg.kg-1 bupivacaine iv over ten seconds. Dogs in Group 2 were then given saline and those in Group 3 were then given 2 mg.kg-1 succinylcholine iv from one to two minutes after the administration of bupivacaine. The following electrophysiological variables were measured: heart rate represented by RR interval (RR), PR, atria-His (AH), and His-ventricle (HV) intervals, QRS duration, and QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc). The following haemodynamic variables were measured: mean aortic pressure (MAoP), the peak of the first derivative of left ventricular pressure (LV dP/dt max), and LV end diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Comparison between Groups 1 and 2 showed that bupivacaine induced more than 100% HV interval lengthening and QRS widening (P less than 0.01), prolonged QTc interval by more than 25% (P less than 0.01), and decreased LV dP/dt max by more than 50% (P less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
47.
Temporal and spatial variation in the amount of cadmium in the phantom midge larvae (Chaoborus spp.)
Gilles R. Groulx David C. Lasenby 《Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology》1992,23(3):370-374
Several factors, including body size, age, and temporal and spatial variation, which may influence the amount of cadmium (Cd) in the phantom midge larvae, Chaoborus spp., were examined in eight lakes, four from south-central Ontario (Dorset Region) and four from northwestern Ontario (Experimental Lakes Area). All three species of Chaoborus (C. punctipennis, C. trivittatus, C. flavicans) found in Chub Lake (south-central Ontario), were analyzed seasonally. One species, C. punctipennis, was collected and analyzed from all lakes.Smaller Chaoborus tended to have higher Cd concentrations (g Cd/g dry weight), and lower Cd burdens (ng Cd/Animal) than larger Chaoborus. The Cd concentrations of Chaoborus in Chub Lake were lowest during the summer, which coincided with the fastest growth of the organisms. The Cd burdens differed between species, which was attributed to differences in their asynchronous life histories.Cadmium burdens and concentrations were significantly lower in the organisms from northwestern Ontario than those from south-central Ontario. Lower atmospheric deposition rates, lower Cd concentrations in the lake water, as well as life history differences, may explain these results. 相似文献
48.
Vermeiren R de Clippele A Deboutte D 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》2000,250(3):133-138
Clinicians working with young delinquents are concerned with finding methods to predict recidivism in these subjects. It
has not been investigated yet to what extent psychiatric assessment can be of any help in this field.
In this study, we investigated whether psychiatric assessment can help to predict recidivism in already delinquent adolescents.
By means of semi-structured psychiatric assessment (Child Assessment Schedule), developmental interview of the parents and
self-report instruments, we assessed the psychiatric status of 72 delinquent adolescents, adjudicated before the Juvenile
Court of Antwerp (Belgium). A follow-up of criminal status after eight months was conducted.
Self-report questionnaires by the subjects did not differentiate recidivists from non-recidivists, while parent questionnaires
did. Through a semi-structured interview, we found that a diagnosis of conduct disorder significantly predicts recidivism,
while subjects with ADHD and substance abuse show a tendency towards more recidivism. We were unable, however, due to the
small number of subjects showing a psychiatric disorder (e. g. ADHA and PTSD) unrelated to conduct disorder, to assess the
relative contribution of these disorders to the recidivism rate.
This study found that psychiatric assessment of delinquent adolescents could be of help in predicting recidivism. The necessity
of gathering information from parents and teachers is demonstrated. Future research should include a more extensive group
of a delinquent adolescent and should focus on the effect of therapeutic interventions.
Received: 29 June 1999 / Accepted: 1 February 2000 相似文献
49.
50.
Merviel P Mergui JL Sananes S Antoine JM Salat-Baroux J Uzan S 《Presse medicale (Paris, France : 1983)》2000,29(23):1302-1310
UTERINE DISORDERS: Because they can prevent implantation, anomalies within the uterine cavity play an important role in fertility. The uterine disorders most often observed during hysteroscopy and implicated in infertility are adhesions, septa, polyps, submucous myomas, adenomyosis, endometritis, anomalies of the cervical canal, and lesions of the uterotubal junction. EXPLORATIONS: Hysterosalpingography can be used to evaluate tubal permeability but provides inadequate information about the uterine cavity (numerous false-positives and false-negatives). Pelvic ultrasound is especially helpful for diagnosing interstitial anomalies in the uterus. HYSTEROSCOPY: Diagnostic hysteroscopy also has a place in infertility investigations, for it allows direct visualization of the uterine cavity, the endometrial mucus (endometritis, adenomyosis), and the cervical canal. The examination is practiced on a out-patient basis, without anesthesia, using appropriate small-caliber instruments and irrigation with physiological saline. Surgical hysteroscopy is used to treat these anomalies. Patients receive general anesthesia. A high-frequency, low-voltage electric current is used, and glycine for irrigation. This procedure allows resection of submucous myomas and polyps and of septa and adhesions. Some groups use laser beams and irrigation by physiological saline for these treatments. Coagulation of a superficial focal spot of adenomyosis is not useful in infertility therapy. RESULTS: As assessed by the percentage of patients with each indication who subsequently became pregnant, the results of surgical hysteroscopy have been satisfactory: 62 per cent (%) of cases after myomectomy, 66% after section of uterine septa, and 61% after treatment of complicated adhesions. A new exploration of the uterine cavity will be necessary sometime after the surgery to verify the absence of any iatrogenic disorders (adhesions, myomatous fragments). 相似文献