心脏再同步化治疗中腋静脉径路植入左室导线的临床应用评价

目的:观察慢性心力衰竭患者腋静脉的解剖特征,并探讨心脏再同步化治疗(CRT/CRTD)中经腋静脉途径植入左室导线的可行性和安全性?方法:选择2013年1月—2015年2月行心脏再同步化治疗(CRT或CRTD)患者59例,根据左室导线植入径路分为腋静脉组(n=23)和锁骨下静脉组(n=36),比较两种径路左室导线植入时间?参数及相关并发症;同期选择新植入双腔起搏器(DDD)患者67例,所有患者术前行腋静脉造影,比较慢性心力衰竭和正常心脏结构患者腋静脉内径的差异?结果:所有患者均成功植入CRT/CRTD和DDD装置?心脏再同步化治疗组和双腔起搏器组腋静脉解剖结构相似,两组间腋静脉内径无统计学差异[(10.77 ± 2.19)mm vs (10.11 ± 2.02)mm,P > 0.05];心脏再同步化治疗经腋静脉径路和经锁骨下静脉径路植入左室导线的时间?植入并发症无统计学差异(P > 0.05);右房?右室?左室导线的阈值?感知?阻抗两组间无统计学差异(P > 0.05)?结论:慢性心力衰竭患者腋静脉内径无明显异常,心脏再同步化治疗中经腋静脉径路植入左室导线安全可行?     

Clinical and familial study of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

Objective　To explore the characteristics of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Methods　Seven patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and 34 members of three families were studied. All patients and family members underwent history collection, clinical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), two-dimensional echocardiography (2-DE) and a signal averaging electrocardiogram. Programmed ventricular stimulation was performed in five patients. Results　All patients and family members had normal morphologic characteristics and normal function of the left ventricular by 2-DE. Fourteen persons had abnormal findings indicating ARVC. Five had enlargement of the right ventricular with diffused hypocontractility, eight had thin and systolic bulging in the focal anterior wall with hypokinesia and one had bulging of the inferior wall. Twenty-five persons (seven patients and 18 family members) had abnormal findings in ECG. Positive ventricular late potential was recorded in 13 persons (six patients). Two to three monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) with left bundle branch block (LBBB) configurations were induced in five patients. Ventricular fibrillation was induced in two patients during the electrophysiologic study (EPS). Five patients had very high pacing threshold and/or ineffective pacing in one or many regions of the right ventricle. Two members of one family died suddenly. One member was a dwarf with ARVC. Spontaneous VT with a left bundle branch block (LBBB) configuration was recorded in five patients, polymorphic VT with extremely short coupling interval in one, and premature ventricular complexes with LBBB configuration in 12 (six patients). Conclusion　Our familial study strongly suggests that ARVC may be a hereditary disease and it is helpful in the diagnosis and detection of ARVC. The most common manifestations were abnormal structure and function of the right ventricle and abnormal ECG of repolarization and ventricular arrhythmia which originates from the right ventricle.     

血清N-末端脑钠肽与心脏再同步化治疗慢性心衰患者预后的相关研究

目的:探讨术前血清N-末端脑钠肽(N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)浓度与心脏再同步化治疗(cardiac resynchronization therapy,CRT)术后慢性心衰(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者心功能以及预后的关系?方法:选择2012年3月—2014年10月在本院植入CRT或CRT-D的CHF患者60例,术前测定血浆NT-proBNP水平;术前以及术后6个月测定超声心动图测定左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)?依据CRT植入后6个月随访时LVEF绝对值较基线增加≥5%为标准,分为有反应组和无反应组?随访期间观察CHF患者主要不良心血管事件(major adverse cardiovascular events,MACE)?结果:CRT术后有反应组术前NT-proBNP?随访MACE发生率明显小于CRT无反应组(P < 0.01)?以NT-proBNP 2 354.5 pg/mL为最佳分界点,预测CRT术后无反应的敏感度为95.0%,特异度为92.5%?以NT-proBNP 2 254.5 pg/mL为最佳分界点,预测发生心血管事件的敏感度95.2%,特异度92.3 %?Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示NT-proBNP≤2 254.5 pg/mL患者生存时间高于NT-proBNP≥2 254.5 pg/mL者(P < 0.01)?结论:术前血清NT-proBNP水平与CHF患者CRT术后反应程度以及心血管不良事件相关?     

心脏再同步化治疗后血浆NT-ProBNP水平变化观察

目的:研究心脏再同步化治疗(cardiac resynchronization therapy,CRT)前后血浆前体脑钠肽(NT-ProBNP)水平的变化是否能够反映CRT植入后心衰患者心脏结构和功能改善程度。方法:对本中心33例植入CRT/CRT-D患者的随访资料进行分析,随访时间均>6个月,根据治疗效果将患者分为有反应组和无反应组,有反应者定义为术后左室收缩末容积缩小≥15%,心功能分级NYHA下降≥1级;无反应者为术后左室收缩末容积缩小<15%,NYHA下降<1级、因心衰再入院或心源性死亡。结果:有反应组术后NT-ProBNP水平明显降低[(2.90±0.57)ng/L vs(3.38±0.47)ng/L,P=0.001]。随访时间≥6个月时,NT-ProBNP水平的降低幅度(ΔNT-ProBNP%)与左室舒张末容积缩小幅度(ΔLVEDV%)呈线性回归(b=-0.499,R2=0.489,P=0.001);无反应组术后NT-ProBNP与术前相比无显著性差别[(3.53±0.42)ng/L,P>0.05];NT-ProBNP水平的变化与ΔLVEDV%无线性回归关系(P>0.05)。结论:CRT/CRT-...     

三维电解剖标测指导疑难右侧游离壁旁路的导管消融

Objective To demonstrate the electroanatomic substrates of right-sided free wall (RFW)accessory pathways (APs) which were refractory to conventional catheter ablation utilizing three-dimensional (3D) mapping. Methods Seventeen patients with RFW APs that failed initial conventional catheter ablation(s)by a mean of 1～3(1.8±0.6) attempts were enrolled in the study. Electroanatomic mapping of the right atrium was performed during right ventricular pacing in 14 patients and orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia in 3patients. Radiofrequency energy was delivered via irrigation catheter to the earliest atrial activation site. Results The earliest atrial activation site, which represented the atrial insertion of the APs, was separated from the tricuspid annulus by an average of 9 ～ 20 ( 13.6 ± 3.4 ) mm, and the local activation time was 18 ～ 80(31.5±16.3) ms earlier than that of the corresponding annular point. The target electrogram demonstrated AP potential in fourteen patients and ventriculoatrial fusion in the rest three. Accessory pathway was blocked in one case during moving the catheter and RF ablation delivery on the areas. One patient exhibited an AP with wide branching on the atrial side during mapping. RF ablation with an irrigated catheter successfully interrupted AP conduction in remaining 16 patients without complications. After a mean follow-up of 3 ～ 41 (18.6±12.7) months, there were no recurrences of ventricular preexcitation or episodes of tachycardia. Conclusion RFW APs refractory to conventional catheter ablation might be due to unique anatomic AP features such as more epicardial course at the annulus level with atrial insertion distance from the tricuspid annulus. Electroanatomic mapping is helpful to accurately localize the atrial insertion sites of these APs and facilitates catheter ablation.     

磁导航遥控射频导管消融治疗房室结折返性心动过速的初步体会

Objective To evaluate the safety and feasibility of remote radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrioventricular nodal reciprocating tachycardia (AVNRT) using the magnetic navigation system (MNS). Methods A total of 37 patients[female 29, mean age (44 ± 15 )years]with documented AVNRT were enrolled in this study from March 2007 to June 2009. A 4 mm tip magnetic mapping and ablation catheter ( Helios Ⅱ ,Stereotaxis, USA),which was remotely controlled by the MNS (Niobe Ⅱ , Stereotaxis, USA), was used for both mapping and ablation. Conventional slow pathway modification with focal ablation at the fight posterior septum was first performed in all patients. If it was failed, linear lesions at the base of Koch' s triangle was then done. Results After ablation, AVNRT was non-inducible in all 37 patients without any complication except one case experienced transient first degree AV block. Focal ablation was performed in 34 patients, and linear ablation strategy was used in the remaining three cases to achieve the end point. Among all the 37 patients, slow pathway ablation was achieved in 14, whereas slow pathway modification was reached in the remaining 23 cases.The mean procedural time, the RF deliveries, the duration of RF application were ( 120 ± 32) min, (2. 9 ± 1.6)times, ( 130 ± 33 )s,respectively. The total fluoroscopy time and the physician X-ray exposure time were(5.3 ±2. 7)min and(2.9 ± 1.1 ) min,respectively. There was no significant change of the AH interval,the HV interval,and the atrioventricular nodal conduction refractory period after ablation. Compared with the first 18 patients, the mean procedural time, the total fluoroscopy time and the X-ray fluoroscopy time during magnetic navigation were significantly decreased in the later 19 patients (P ＜0. 001 ). It indicated that the learning curve of remote catheter ablation using the MNS is short. Conclusion Remote catheter ablation using the MNS to cure AVNRT is safe and effective with short learning curve and decreasing X-ray exposure time for interventional physicians.     

起源于左侧希氏-浦肯野系统的特发性加速性室性自主心律

目的 介绍起源于左侧希氏-浦肯野系统的特发性加速性室性自主心律,揭示其临床特征并探讨可能的电生理机制.方法 回顾分析4例特发性加速性室性自主心律患者的心电图形态特征、临床表现、治疗方法及预后.结果 4例患者,男性2例,平均年龄48(40～54)岁,均无器质性心脏病.室性自主心律均呈右束支阻滞型,其QRS时限0.11～0.13 s,符合左侧希氏-浦肯野系统起源,其中3例电轴右偏,1例电轴左偏.自主心律RR间期不规则,平均频率为87(55～110)次/min,与窦性心律交替出现.所有患者临床均表现为发作性心悸.1例患者室性自主心律在短期服用普罗帕酮后消失,另1例短期服用维拉帕米后消失,余2例未予以特殊处理后自然消退.平均随访4.5(2～8)年,临床无心律失常发作,亦无其他心血管事件发生.结论 起源于左侧希氏-浦肯野系统的加速性室性自主心律是左侧希氏-浦肯野系统特发性室性心律失常的一种表现形式,多数为自限性,临床呈良性经过.     

心房颤动与炎症及慢性幽门螺旋杆菌感染相关性研究

目的探讨心房颤动(简称房颤)与炎症及慢性幽门螺旋杆菌(Hp)感染的关系。方法选取66例房颤患者为房颤组(其中阵发性房颤44例,慢性房颤22例),另取同期住院的阵发性室上性心动过速(简称室上速)患者67例作为对照组,用间接ELISA法测定血清Hp-IgG抗体,速率散射免疫比浊法测定C反应蛋白(CRP),比较两组Hp-IgG抗体,CRP的差异并分析HP抗体滴度与房颤及其它相关因素的关系。结果房颤组与对照组的Hp-IgG阳性率Hp-IgG对数值均无差异(P均>0.05)。房颤组CRP中位数较对照组高(1.17mg/dlvs0.65mg/dl,P<0.05)。结论房颤与慢性Hp感染不相关,与炎症相关。     

输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石86例

我院1997年6月～2003年1月应用Wolf输尿管镜气压弹道碎石术治疗输尿管结石86例，取得满意疗效，现报告如下。     

新型多极负压吸引导管线性消融的实验研究

背景经导管行肺静脉隔离可使70%的阵发性心房颤动(简称房颤)患者获益,但对慢性永久性房颤疗效低;而改良迷宫术可使90%的患者获得成功.所以,研制一种具有低接触面积且带有负压吸引和盐水灌注功能的新型电极用于正常心搏时心外膜的线性消融将具有广阔的应用前景.