Delayed internal capsule infarctions following radiofrequency pallidotomy. Report of three cases

The authors report on a series of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) who underwent stereotactic radiofrequency (RF) pallidotomies, three of whom suffered delayed postoperative strokes. These three belonged to a group consisting of 42 patients with medically intractable IPD in whom 50 pallidotomies were performed. All three patients had significant previous vascular disease and were in a high-risk group for cerebral infarction. A postoperative magnetic resonance (MR) image was obtained immediately after the pallidotomy was performed to document the placement of the RF lesion and to rule out any hematoma. The delayed strokes occurred on postoperative Days 10, 51, and 117 in patients with previous vascular disease (Group 1, 11 patients). No strokes occurred in the group with the vascular disease risk factor (Group 2, 11 patients) or in the group with no risk factors for vascular disease (Group 3, 20 patients). This observation is statistically significant (p < 0.05). The T2-weighted MR images showed the lesions as high-intensity signals extending to the posterior limb of the internal capsule ipsilateral to the pallidotomy site. The poststroke T1-weighted images obtained in two patients showed persistent contrast enhancement of the RF lesion and no enhancement around the stroke lesion. Clinically and radiographically, these discrete new lesions represent delayed infarctions, suggesting that RF lesioning can induce delayed injury in adjacent tissue. Patients with previously identified vasculopathy may be at risk for delayed capsular infarction following RF pallidotomy.     

Structure and functions of CD23

This review summarizes recent data on CD23, a low affinity receptor for IgE (Fc epsilon RII). CD23 is the only FcR which does not belong to the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. The CD23 molecule was discovered independently as an IgE receptor on human lymphoblastoid B cells [1], as a cell surface marker expressed on Epstein-Barr-Virus-transformed B cells (EBVCS) [2] and as a B-cell activation antigen (Blast 2) [3]. CD23 was shown to be a low affinity receptor for IgE [4,5]. Similar to most FcR, soluble forms of CD23 (sCD23) are released into extracellular fluids. The soluble fragments formed by proteolytic cleavage of surface CD23 are not only capable of binding IgE (IgE binding factors) but also exhibit multiple functions that are not IgE related. These observations together with the finding that CD23 displays significant homology with Ca(2+)-dependent (C-type) animal lectins, suggested the existence of natural ligands other than IgE. The recent finding that CD23 interacts with CD21, CD11b and CD11c indicates that CD23 should be viewed not only as a low affinity IgE receptor but also as an adhesion molecule involved in cell-cell interaction. After a brief overview of the molecular structure, there follows a discussion of the biological activities ascribed to human CD23.     

Paget bone disease involving young adults in 3 generations of a Korean family

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive disease with a dismal prognosis. It has long been regarded as one of the most difficult cancers to accurately diagnose and stage preoperatively. The purpose of this review is to provide an update of the state-of-the-art for early detection, diagnosis, and staging of pancreatic cancer. These methods include spiral CT scans, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, laparoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, CA 19-9 serology, fine needle aspiration cytology, ERCP brush cytology, and screening for p53 and ras oncogenes. These advanced techniques should help us to detect pancreatic cancers in high-risk populations at a curative stage and to decrease pancreaticoduodenectomies for benign disease which could otherwise be treated with less morbid procedures. In addition, these tests will help reliably diagnose pancreatic cancer preoperatively.     

Can transplantation of neurons facilitate motor recovery in paraplegics? Study of an animal model

This review strives forward at least two goals. First, to take from the literature the arguments demonstrating that hindlimbs locomotion is controlled by a spinal network of neurons (the so-called Central Pattern Generator for locomotion--CPG) known to be able to generate locomotor activity independently of the control of supraspinal nervous structures, as it is after thoracic lesions of the spinal cord. The principles of work of the CPG and its intrinsic possibilities to adapt its working are reviewed. Special reference is made to the various ways used during experiments to activate the CPG in spinal animals or clinical practice in paraplegic men: training to walk, electrical stimulations, pharmacological stimulations. Second, to show, from our own results, obtained from the study of an animal model of paraplegia, the adult spinal rat, how it could be possible to take advantage of the autonomy of the CPG, with special reference to its sensibility to monoamines, to obtain locomotor recovery in hindlimbs after section of the thoracic spinal cord, by means of transplantation of noradrenergic and/or serotonergic embryonic neurons in the lumbo-sacral spinal cord. Section of the spinal cord at a thoracic level results in an important locomotor deficit in hindlimbs, likely linked to degeneration of monoaminergic terminals in the lumbar enlargement. In the adult spinal rat, sub-lesional injection of a suspension of embryonic nervous cells, taken from either locus coeruleus or raphe sites, leads to reinnervation of the lumbar enlargement with monoaminergic terminals. Despite the fact that connections with supraspinal structures are not reestablished, transplanted animals recover progressively a posture convenient for locomotion. The hindlimbs, which are in an extended position a few days after the lesion, become progressively flexed and able to support the body weight. This evolution does not appear in spinal but non transplanted animals. But, the main point is that transplanted animals develop, within the few weeks that follow transplantation, a good-quality locomotor activity in hindlimbs which had no equivalent in spinal but non transplanted animals. The reality of a lumbar CPG for locomotion and the efficacy of pharmacological treatments and training to walk, to elicit recovery of stepping, are discussed in man, in connection with the relevance to use transplantation of monoaminergic nervous cells in the spinal cord of paraplegics.     

利用储氢金属分离回收氢的研究进展

系统地介绍了储氢金属分离回收氢的技术及它们的最新发展状况，提出了今后的发展重点     

杨凌示范区水系工程人工湖设计探讨

通过对我国第一个农业农业示范区人工水系工程中人工湖的设计 ,说明在城市排水规划中采用人工设施进行雨水集流存储 ,并有效开发利用 ,可为城市的可持续发展提供优越的生态环境 ,推动山川秀美工程的建设     

基于并联多尺度卷积神经网络的微动脉瘤检测方法

由于视网膜图像中微动脉瘤尺寸小、背景干扰多,导致传统方法检测时准确率低,现阶段的深度学习模型大多针对大尺 寸目标进行检测,存在结构复杂、对小目标的检测效果不佳的问题。 为解决以上问题,提出了一种基于并联多尺度卷积神经网 络的微动脉瘤检测方法。 首先,建立微动脉瘤尺寸与检测用理论感受野之间的对应关系;然后,根据微动脉瘤的类型和尺寸范 围构建包含两个感受野尺度的并行卷积网络;最后,提出了一种基于主动学习的训练集构建与数据增广方式,以提高模型的检 测性能。 方法在两个公开数据集和 1 个自采眼底数据集中进行了对比实验,实验结果表明,该方法能有效实现微动脉瘤的检 测,相比于同类方法对于小尺寸和与血管粘连的微动脉瘤具有更好的检测效果。     

Phase Transformation of Mechanically Milled Nano-Sized γ-Alumina

The phase transformation of mechanically milled nano-sized γ-alumina particles was investigated. The structures and phase presentation of the powders before and after milling were characterized using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and photoluminescence measurement. The phase transformation kinetics was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that significant amounts of defects were generated by milling. These defects dramatically lowered the temperatures and activation energies of the transformation by promoting the nucleation and diffusion. The accumulation of the defects appears to show a logarithmic dependence of milling time.     

一种新型电控液动皮带自动调偏装置

目前,工矿企业所用的大型运输胶带的跑偏调整装置,按调整部位不同,可以分为滚筒式和托辊式;按原理,又可分为阻挡式和摩擦式.     

农村饮水安全工程建设与管理问题探讨

目前,我国在饮水安全工程建设过程中由于主客观条件等多种因素,使农村饮水安全工程建设管理存在一些不容忽视的问题,直接影响工程建设进度和工程效益的发挥。本文就如何强化农村饮水安全工程建设管理,充分发挥资金效益进行了探讨。