Defining,assessing, and developing creativity in sport: a systematic narrative review

ABSTRACT

Research on creativity in sport is gaining momentum, due to a growing interest from coaches and academics in developing strategies to increase unpredictability in individual and collective behaviour which may allow teams to gain an important advantage over their opponents. The purpose of this paper was to conduct the first systematic narrative review of the literature on sporting creativity, critically synthesising 51 years of published research (1967–2018) and proposing avenues for future research. Six databases were used, and 48 documents met search criteria. The findings are organised in four categories: (a) defining creativity, (b) correlates of creativity, (c) assessing creativity and (d) developing creativity. Creativity definitions and assessments have privileged thought processes over the ability to act. A distinction is warranted between creativity about sport and creativity in sport (in action) and aligned assessment methods. The literature does not support a single strategy for the development of sporting creativity but does support its trainability. Evidence of the effectiveness of programmes for the enhancement of sporting creativity is growing but is still limited. Furthermore, while it is recognised that coaches have a pivotal role in the development of sporting creativity, research involving them is still scarce.     

边缘计算对智慧档案馆建设模式的影响研究

在万物互联时代,边缘计算的出现弥补云计算的不足,将影响智慧档案馆建设的模式。本文从边缘计算的概念及发展历史出发,阐释边缘计算的特点,在总结智慧档案馆特点的基础上,分析智慧档案馆建设引入边缘计算的优势。在此基础上,提出智慧档案馆建设的“云边模式”,分析数字档案馆模式由“个体模式”向“云模式”再向“云边模式”的演进过程。最后分析智慧档案馆发展边缘计算需要解决的边缘计算部署、信息安全与用户隐私、多源异构平台数据共享等问题,以期建设更加智慧的智慧档案馆。     

Influence of football match time–motion parameters on recovery time course of muscle damage and jump ability

ABSTRACT

We analysed the time course of recovery of creatine kinase (CK) and countermovement jump (CMJ) parameters after a football match, and correlations between changes in these variables and match time–motion parameters (GPS-accelerometry) in 15 U-19 elite male players. Plasma CK and CMJ height (CMJ_H), average concentric force (CMJ_CON) and average eccentric force (CMJ_ECC) were assessed 2 h before and 30 min, 24 h and 48 h post-match. There were substantially higher CK levels 30 min, 24 h and 48 h (ES: 0.43, 0.62, 0.40, respectively), post-match. CMJ_ECC (ES: ?0.38), CMJ_H (ES: ?0.35) decreased 30 min post, CMJ_CON (ES: ?0.35), CMJ_ECC (ES: ?0.35) and CMJ_H (ES: ?1.35) decreased 24 h post, and CMJ_CON (ES: ?0.41) and CMJ_H (ES: ?0.53) decreased 48 h post. We found correlations between distance covered at velocities ≤21 km · h^?1 and changes in CK at 24 h (r = 0.56) and at 48 h (r = 0.54) and correlations between CK and distance covered >14 km · h^?1 (r = 0.50), accelerations (r = 0.48), and decelerations (r = 0.58) at 48 h. Changes in CMJ_CON 30 min and 24 h post (both r = ?0.68) correlated with impacts >7.1·G. Decelerations >2 m · s^?2 correlated with changes CMJ_CON (r = ?0.49) at 48 h and CMJ_ECC (r = ?0.47) at 30 min. Our results suggest that match GPS-accelerometry parameters may predict muscle damage and changes in components of neuromuscular performance immediately and 24–48 h post-match.     

电视文化对当代青年思想的影响

电视是当代最重要的媒体之一,既能传播健康节目对青年学生发挥积极的影响,又能传播不良信息,对青年学生造成价值观混乱,甚至暴力倾向等负面作用,所以需要加强对电视节目的规范和管理。     

新型冠状病毒突发公共卫生事件中的数据共享机制研究

[目的/意义] 新型冠状病毒疫情下,建立完善数据开放平台和共享机制,应对全球公共卫生挑战,推进公共卫生紧急事件数据共享能力的建设,已经成为各国政府和科技界的普遍共识。[方法/过程] 首先审视历次突发公共卫生事件中的数据共享政策规范和应对措施,接着通过对同行评议期刊、预印本、数据知识库、临床试验注册平台和基因组/结构数据中心等数据共享来源的实证调查,分析新型冠状病毒数据的共享现状,最后探讨突发公共卫生事件中不同数据共享机制的优缺点和障碍。[结果/结论] 新型冠状病毒疫情的数据共享程度明显提高,但仍未达到常态化。技术、动机、经济、政治、法律和伦理因素是影响数据共享的主要障碍。我国应从战略规划、基础设施、利益相关者和伦理法律等方面,加强突发公共卫生事件中的数据共享能力。     

QQ强大教学辅助功能初试

即时通讯工具QQ除了基本的聊天功能外,还有许多很实用的扩展功能,诸如群、讨论组、群论坛等。能否将QQ的这些功能引进教学,弥补课堂教学的不足?从实践出发,对QQ的教学辅助功能进行论述。     

中亚留学生汉语单字声调实验研究

单字声调是研究汉语声调的基础,借助实验语音学方法采集语音样本,对中亚留学生汉语单字声调进行系统的声学描写和分析,运用石锋的声调格局理论与北京话声调格局进行比较,考察留学生声调与北京话声调的差异,得出中亚留学生的声调偏误及声调习得倾向,提出对外汉语声调教学对策。     

电工电子技术课程双语教学的探讨

本文阐述了电工电子技术课程双语教学的必要性,对电工电子技术采用双语教学所必需的条件,教学规律和方法进行了探索与实践。教学结果表明,展开该专业基础课程的双语教学对于后续专业课的双语教学及为培养以工程技术专业知识为主体的双语人才打下了良好基础。     

Approximation based on orthogonal and almost orthogonal functions

In this paper, we define a class of almost orthogonal rational functions of Legendre type in a new manner. Relations of these functions with classical exponentional functions orthogonal over interval (0, ∞), as well as classical polynomials orthogonal over (0, 1) are explained. Defining relations of these functions can be used for designing almost orthogonal filters. These filters are generators of orthogonal signals and can be successfully applied in finding the best signal approximation in the sense of the mean square error. The filters orthogonal property enables building of physical (in this case electrical) models of dynamical systems (the sources of signals to be approximated) either with less components for the same model accuracy or higher accuracy for the same number of components than the other known models. New filters represent further improvement of previously designed filters, by the same authors, in the sense of simplicity, higher accuracy, lesser approximation time and even a possibility to approximate signals generated by systems with built-in imperfections. Series of experiments were performed to analyze the dependence of approximation accuracy and the number of filters sections.