Role of a gas phase in the kinetics of zinc and iron reduction with carbon from slag melts

The influence of the mass transfer conditions in the gas phase having formed at the carbon-slag melt interface on CO regeneration is approximately estimated in the framework of a two-stage scheme of metal reduction from slag melts by carbon. The effect of zinc vapors on the combined reduction of iron and zinc from slags is considered. The influence of the slag composition and temperature on the critical concentration of zinc oxide above which no iron forms as an individual phase is explained.     

Calculation of the reduction rate of copper,nickel, and cobalt from oxide melts by carbon(II) oxide

The kinetic equation for the calculation of the reduction rate, which takes into account the physicochemical properties of contacting phases, is derived under the assumption of the electrochemical nature of interaction between the reducing gas (CO) and the oxide melt. Satisfactory agreement of calculated and experimental data is shown by the example of the interaction of the oxide melt of the CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃ system containing up to 6.0 wt % Me _n O _m (NiO, CoO, Cu₂O) blown by the gas phase with partial pressure P _CO = (0.4–5.0) × 10² MPa at T = 1623 K.     

Mathematical modeling of accidental gas explosions

Results are presented from mathematical modeling of the detonation of gas clouds in the form of cylinders with different ratios of height to radius. It is shown that the parameters of the resulting air shock wave depend significantly on the shape of the cloud. The trotyl equivalents of the explosion are obtained on the basis of maximum excess pressure and the impulse of excess pressure in the wave. This information can be used to analyze the consequences of accidents and substantiate standards on explosion-proofing. N. é. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 107005 Moscow. Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 31, No. 6, pp. 155–165, November–December, 1995.     

Reaction of titanium with gases during heating in a nitrogen medium

Nitrogen gas used in industry as an active medium for chemical heat treatment (CHT) of metals, including titanium, containing impurities, the main ones being oxygen, water vapor, and carbon dioxide. The aim of this study is to determine the laws governing the reaction of titanium with those gases during CHT in a nitrogen medium.Voronezh Polytechnic Institute and E. O. Paton Institute of Electric Welding. Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 4, pp. 12–16, April, 1994.