超支化聚硅(碳/氧)烷的研究进展

总结了近十年来超支化聚有机硅(碳/氧)烷的研究进展,其中着重综述了硅氢加成反应、亲核取代反应和脱氢反应在制备超支化聚硅(碳/氧)烷的过程中各种因素对反应过程及产物物化性能的影响。     

可控降解超支化聚碳硅氮烷的合成与表征

通过锂化四甲基二乙烯基二硅氮烷分别与甲基氢二氯硅烷和二甲基氢氯硅烷的亲核取代反应合成了AB4和AB2型单体AB4M和AB2M,两种单体通过Karstedt催化剂催化的硅氢加成反应分别生成聚碳硅氮烷PAB4M和PAB2M.单体和聚合物的结构通过FT-IR、1H-NMR、13C-NMR、29Si-NMR和体积排除色谱-多角度激光光散射联用(SEC-MALLS)技术进行了表征,结果表明,单体的结构与设计结构相符合;单体聚合时主要以α-硅氢加成方式为主;聚合物具有超支化结构并由N(Si—C)3链节和大量端基双键组成.PAB4M和PAB2M的重均分子量分别为7800和5860g/mol,分子量分布系数分别为2·54和2·31·对PAB4M稳定性的初步研究表明,该聚合物对氯硅烷和在中性条件下对水稳定,但在HCl水溶液中可以降解,且通过控制HCl浓度可以调节其降解速度,从而实现对其控制降解.     

碘掺杂的3-乙基-5-[2-(3-乙基-2苯并噻唑啉基)亚乙基]罗丹宁的结构与电性能

The merocyanine dye 3-ethyl-5-(2-(3-ethyl-2-benzothiazolinylidene)-ethylidene)-rhodanine (BTER) known as Agfa-10 has been found to have a good photoconductivity as solution cast film. In this paper iodine-doped BTER was obtained by doping with iodine vapor. Its structure was investigated with the following characteristies. 1 The doped iodine had been excited as I_3~- anion. 2 Because the electron located on the sulphur atom was transferred to iodine, the charge transfer complex of (BTER-I_3) formed. 3 During the iodine doping process, BTER changed from α-form to β-modification. These had been identified by X-ray diffraction, VIS-absorption spectra and SEM picture.4 From the volt-Ampere curve obtained from sandwich cell, when E≤2.2×10~(-1) V·cm~(-1), the room temperature electrical conductivity of BTER and BTER-I_3 were found to be 2.22×10~(-10) s·cm~(-1) and 2.6×10~(-7) S·cm~(-1), respectively.     

乳液体系中的RAFT可控/活性自由基聚合研究进展

可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合(RAFT)是新近发展起来的可控/活性自由基聚合方法。由于该方法具有适用单体范围广、反应条件温和、可采用多种聚合实施方法等优点,已成为一种有效的分子设计手段。本文总结了近几年文献报道的在乳液和细乳液体系中实施RAFT聚合反应的研究进展,对非均相体系的稳定性、聚合反应过程中的动力学特点、以及聚合产物的分子量及其分布等方面的研究进行了综述。     

磁化作用对汽油动态挥发性影响的研究

用热重（TG）分析和自行设计的原位动态挥发实验，研究了在不同条件下汽油的挥发性，结果表明，磁化空气或磁化汽油都可提高汽油的挥发性，而汽油和空气共同磁化，可更大幅度地提高汽油的挥发性。     

O—（1—甲硫基乙叉胺基）磷酰胺酯（或磷酸酯）的合成及其？…

首次合成了３０种新型Ｏ－（１－甲硫基乙叉胺基）磷酰胺酯及磷酸酯类化合物，生物活性测定表明，部分化合物具有一定的杀菌和除草活性，化合物（Ｒ＾１Ｏ）２Ｏ（Ｏ）－ＯＮ＝Ｃ９ＳＣＨ３）ＣＨ３具有一定的杀虫活性。     

小叶九里香化学成分研究

芸香科九里香属(Murraya)无刺灌木或小乔木,约12种,分布于亚洲热带、亚热带地区,我国有6种,2个变种[1].具有丰富的植物资源,本属药用植物在我国自古供药用.小叶九里香为芸香科九里香属灌木或小乔木,又名满江香、七里香等,原产广东、广西、福建、云南等省区.九里香的花、叶、果均含精油,出油率为0.25%,精油可用于化妆品香精、食品香精;叶可作调味香料;枝叶入药,有行气止痛、活血散瘀之功效,可治胃痛、风湿痹痛,外用有局部麻醉作用,可治牙痛、跌扑肿痛、虫蛇咬伤等.味辛、苦,微温;有小毒.对破伤风以及流行性乙型脑炎有一定的治疗作用.此外,医药上还以之为强壮剂、健胃剂等.九里香属植物的化学成分研究,已报道约200多个化合物,其中以咔吧唑生物碱为主,并含有黄酮及其甙类,香豆素,苯丙素及其甙类等,由于咔吧唑类生物碱具有的较强生理活性而起研究者的广泛兴趣.     

自由基正离子引发的多取代四氢呋喃类化合物的合成

五元氧杂环是非常重要的合成目标化合物.它们大量存在于天然产物中[1],大多具有生物活性[2],而且也是应用广泛的有机中间体[3].因此,有关此类化合物的合成方法学研究一直为人们所重视.文献中大多采用[3原子+2原子]的方式来构建此类杂环,近年来,自由基或过渡金属成为诱导此类反应的强有力的工具[4].     

Detection of Tumor Necrosis Factor Gene by Piezoelectric Nucleic Acid Senosr

A piezoelectric nucleic acid sensor was constructed ofr detection of tumor necrosis factor gene.Two methods were employed for immobilization of nucleic acid probe on gold electrode of piezoelectric crystal.The results show that polyethyleneimine adbesion and glutaraldehyde cross-linking method has higher sensitivity,stability and selectivity than protein A method.The solid-phase nucleic acid hybridization of oligo unclecotides and tumor necrosis factor target gene sequence were monitorde using this sensor.Tumor necrosis factor gene sequence(580bp) was detected by this nucleic acid sensor for the first time.     

Dislocation Analysis for Large-sized Sapphire Single Crystal Grown by SAPMAC Method

In this paper,large-sized sapphire (230×210 mm,27.5 kg) was grown by SAPMAC method (sapphire growth technique with micro-pulling and shoulder-expanding at the cooled center). Dislocation peculiarity in large sapphire boule (0001) basal plane was investigated by chemical etching,scanning electron microscopy and X-ray topography method. The triangular dislocation etch pit measured is 7.6×101～8.0×102 cm-2,in which relative high-density dislocations were generated at both initial and final stages of crystal growth. The analysis of single-crystal X-ray topography shows that there are no apparent sub-grain boundaries; the dislocation lines are isolated and straight. Finally,the origins of low-density dislocation in sapphire crystal are discussed by numerical analysis method.