Spherical accretion flow onto general parameterized spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes

The transonic phenomenon of black hole accretion and the existence of the photon sphere characterize strong gravitational fields near a black hole horizon.Here,we study the spherical accretion flow onto general parametrized spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes.We analyze the accretion process for various perfect fluids,such as the isothermal fluids of ultra-stiff,ultra-relativistic,and sub-relativistic types,and the polytropic fluid.The influences of additional parameters,beyond the Schwarzschild black hole in the framework of general parameterized spherically symmetric black holes,on the flow behavior of the above-mentioned test fluids are studied in detail.In addition,by studying the accretion of the ideal photon gas,we further discuss the correspondence between the sonic radius of the accreting photon gas and the photon sphere for general parameterized spherically symmetric black holes.Possible extensions of our analysis are also discussed.     

Amorphous-crystalline dual-layer structures resulting from metastable liquid phase separation in （Fe50Co25B15Si10）80Cu20 melt-spun ribbons

（Fe50Co25B15Si10）80Cu20 ribbons are prepared by using the single-roller melt-spinning method. A dual-layer structure consisting of a （Fe, Co）-rich amorphous phase and a Cu-rich crystalline phase forms due to metastable liquid phase separation before solidification. The magnetic hysteresis loops of the as-quenched and annealed samples are measured at room temperature. It is indicated that the coercivity of the ribbon is almost zero in the as-quenched state. The crystallization leads to the increase of coercivity and decrease of saturation magnetization.     

叠加高斯光束超强飞秒成丝的研究

随着飞秒脉冲成丝在诸多领域中的广泛应用,延长成丝距离和伴随的等离子体通道长度成为应用的关键。通过求解广义非线性薛定谔方程以及电子密度演化方程,得出如果采用同能量的叠加高斯光束而不采用普通单一高斯光束作为入射光束,克尔介质中飞秒成丝和等离子体通道的性能会显著提高。根据自聚焦上限阈值功率的理论计算表明,叠加高斯光束的自聚焦上限阈值功率大于普通高斯光束。因此,采用叠加高斯光束作为入射光束,既可以延长成丝距离,又能避免高能脉冲下多丝的存在。     

基于指数再生窗Gabor框架的窄脉冲欠Nyquist采样与重构

基于Gabor框架的窄脉冲信号采样及重构效果已经得到验证, 其解决了有限新息率(finite rate of innovation, FRI)采样方法无法在波形未知的情况下重构出脉冲波形的问题.但是目前的Gabor框架采样系统的窗函数构造复杂且难以物理实现.本文将指数再生窗函数引入Gabor框架, 将窗函数序列调制部分简化为一阶巴特沃斯模拟滤波器, 构造了Gabor系数重构所需要的压缩感知(compressed sensing, CS)测量矩阵.为了使得测量矩阵满足信号精确重构所需的约束等距特性(restricted isometry property, RIP), 根据高阶指数样条函数能量聚集特性, 选择了最优的窗函数支撑宽度, 推导了信号重构所需的约束条件, 还对其鲁棒性进行了分析.本文通过仿真实验对上述分析进行了有效验证, 该系统可应用于测试仪器、状态监测、雷达及通信领域等多种背景下的窄脉冲信号采样与重构.     

基于单位四元数的四旋翼编队反演控制方法

针对四旋翼无人飞行器,研究了在理想通信条件下编队控制问题。四旋翼无人飞行器具有复杂的数学模型,首先用四元数描述其动力学和运动学模型,将其分解为位置和姿态两个相互独立的子系统,通过引入与期望轨迹之间的误差建立了跟踪误差模型;指定编队中一名成员为领航者,编队成员通过一致性算法得到编队的几何中心位置,并以此作为期望轨迹。通过Backstepping方法为每一架四旋翼设计时变反馈控制律使编队达到镇定;最后通过仿真实验验证该控制方法的有效性。     

紫苏种子品质的近红外光谱分析

为加快紫苏优质育种进程,采用近红外光谱(NIRS)技术,结合线性偏最小二乘法(PLS),以250份全国范围内收集的紫苏资源为研究材料,分别较好的建立其种子中含油量,棕榈酸(C16∶0),硬脂酸(C18∶0),油酸(C18∶1),亚油酸(C18∶2),a-亚麻酸(C18∶3)含量的六个近红外光谱校正模型。结果显示,六个模型的校正决定系数(RSQ1)分别为：0.98,0.91,0.92,0.92,0.85,0.93;交叉验证决定系数(1-VR)分别为：0.97,0.89,0.89,0.91,0.85和0.91;外部验证相关系数(RSQ)分别为：0.98,0.91,0.89,0.90,0.80和0.89,且定标标准误差(SEC)分别为0.99,0.21,0.1,0.94,0.81,0.92;交叉验证标准误差(SECV)分别为1.16,0.23,0.11,1.05,0.92,1.02和预测标准误差(SEP)分别为0.97,0.21,0.11,1.12,0.99,1.14。结果表明,此六个校正模型质量均较高。这些首次建立的快速无损的近红外分析模型,可为紫苏资源开发提供指导,对紫苏油分品质育种具有重要意义。     

Influence of Tb on easy magnetization direction and magnetostriction of ferromagnetic Laves phase GdFe_2 compounds

The crystal structure,magnetization,and spontaneous magnetostriction of ferromagnetic Laves phase Gd Fe2 compound have been investigated.High resolution synchrotron x-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis shows that Gd Fe2 has a lower cubic symmetry with easy magnetization direction(EMD) along [100] below Curie temperature TC.The replacement of Gd with a small amount of Tb changes the EMD to [111].The Curie temperature decreases while the field dependence of the saturation magnetization(Ms) measured in temperature range 5–300 K varies with increasing Tb concentration.Coercivity Hc increases with increasing Tb concentration and decays exponentially as temperature increases.The anisotropy in Gd Fe2 is so weak that some of the rare-earth substitution plays an important role in determining the easy direction of magnetization in GdFe_2.The calculated magnetostrictive constant λ100 shows a small value of 37×10~(-6).This value agrees well with experimental data 30×10~(-6).Under a relatively small magnetic field,GdFe_2 exhibits a V-shaped positive magnetostriction curve.When the field is further increased,the crystal exhibits a negative magnetostriction curve.This phenomenon has been discussed in term of magnetic domain switching.Furthermore,magnetostriction increases with increasing Tb concentration.Our work leads to a simple and unified mesoscopic explanation for magnetostriction in ferromagnets.It may also provide insight for developing novel functional materials.     

低维ZnO纳米材料*

本文主要综述了近年来ZnO纳米材料制备领域的一些新方法,简单比较了各种方法之间的优缺点;讨论了制备不同形貌的ZnO纳米材料的影响因素,其中重点讨论了表面活性剂的作用;介绍了ZnO纳米材料的性质及其可能的应用领域;并对ZnO纳米材料的发展前景进行了展望。     

抗结核候选药物PA-824的合成工艺优化

对抗结核候选药物PA-824的合成方法进行了优化。以4-硝基咪唑为原料，依次经亲核开环氧反应、氧烷基化反应和脱酯基反应制得(S)-3-(4-硝基-1H-咪唑-1-)-2-[(4-三氟甲氧基)苄氧基]丙烷-1-醇（3）;3在铜催化下发生分子内碳氢键活化烷氧化反应合成PA-824，总收率达到56.5%，其结构经¹H NMR，¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)确证。     

脉管制冷机脉管热端层流化丝网的实验研究

为了改善脉管内部的流动,防止气体在进出脉管的突变截面上发生射流,一般会在脉管的两端添加层流化丝网。而层流化丝网既是均流化元件,同时也是阻力元件。导流丝网的这两种作用如何达到最优化的平衡非常关键,而目前对层流化元件主要通过经验选取,暂无定量的指导。在此对脉管层流化丝网片数对制冷温度的影响展开实验研究和定量分析。实验结果对于在不同制冷量范围,选取最合适的层流化丝网片数以提高制冷机的性能有着重要的研究价值和指导意义。