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21.
The optimum design for tensile-strained quantum-well structures, and the laser characteristics of AlGaInP LDs emitting at 615-635 nm are investigated. MQW structures are effective in reducing threshold currents at wavelengths shorter than 620 nm. The lowest threshold current of 95 mA at 20°C is attained in a quaternary MQW LD emitting at 615 nm 相似文献
22.
Ken-Ichi Nishiya Hiroyuki Kita Jun Hasegawa Yoshihiro Haga Kazushi Minagawa Kenji Simazu Hideo Nakamura 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》1995,115(8):68-81
This paper discusses optimal planning problems for dispersed generating sources so as to provide a guideline for their introduction to power systems. First, a recursive method is developed from the viewpoint of supplying electric power only where solutions for one unit are superposed. The computational loads are decreased by selecting alternatives of buses based on the so-called penalty factor. However, for effective utilization of dispersed generating sources, it is indispensable to consider their thermal merits in addition to electric power. After applying the Kuhn-Tucker theory to the optimal dispatching problem including boiler fuel costs, thermal values of the dispersed generating units are evaluated quantitatively. Finally, the above-mentioned technique for the optimal planning basically is also effective and is extended into this case. The validity of the proposed algorithms are demonstrated using a real-scale model system. 相似文献
23.
T Minagawa 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,72(6):569-581
Exposure to hyperoxia results in lung injury and a decrease in lung collagen. Retinol is known to influence collagen gene expression, and retinol deficiency has been shown to potentiate hyperoxic lung injury. To investigate the combined effects of retinol deficiency and hyperoxia on lung collagen expression, retinol-deficient rats were exposed to acute hyperoxia, and expression of the alpha-1 chains of type I procollagen [pro alpha 1 (I)] and type III procollagen [pro alpha 1 (III)] were determined using Northern hybridization analyses and immunohistochemical staining. Hyperoxia alone reduced pro alpha 1 (I) mRNA by 60 +/- 4% (p < .05) and pro alpha 1 (III) mRNA by 30 +/- 5% (p < .05), and retinol deficiency alone reduced pro alpha 1 (I) mRNA abundance by 49 +/- 8.8% (p < .05) and pro alpha 1 (III) mRNA abundance by 14 +/- 7.5% (p = not significant), respectively. Retinol deficiency plus hyperoxia did not cause any further reduction in procollagen mRNA than that seen with oxygen exposure alone. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated decreased staining for type I collagen in retinol-deficient animals. Hyperoxic exposure resulted in decreased connective tissue staining and increased alveolar wall staining for type I collagen. Retinol deficiency and hyperoxia together resulted in a marked increase in alveolar exudates staining for type I collagen. No changes in type III collagen staining were seen. These findings demonstrate that while retinol deficiency does not potentiate hyperoxia-induced reductions in procollagen mRNA, it is associated with alterations in collagen staining in distal lung and immunohistologic evidence of collagen fragments in alveolar exudates. 相似文献
24.
Y Kanamori J Kigawa Y Minagawa T Irie T Oishi M Shimada M Takahashi T Nakamura K Sato N Terakawa 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,34(11):1802-1806
A new recombinant adenovirus carrying a wild-type p53 gene (AxCAp53) was developed and the combination effect of p53 gene transfer and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) was examined in an ovarian cancer cell line, SK-OV-3, with deletion of the p53 gene. AxCAp53 showed a high efficiency of gene transduction and increased sensitivity to CDDP in the SK-OV-3 cells. It was found that the sensitivity of the cells to CDDP correlated with the amount of infectious units of virus per cell of AxCAp53 which correlated with p53 protein expression. The results suggest that the combination of CDDP and AxCAp53 may be a potential strategy for the therapy of CDDP-resistant ovarian cancer. 相似文献
25.
Hirokazu Okamura Takeshi MoriKeiji Minagawa Seizo MasudaMasami Tanaka 《Polymer》2002,43(13):3825-3828
A novel thermosensitive polymer, poly(methyl 2-propionamidoacrylate) (PMPA), was prepared and the phase transition behavior in an aqueous solution was studied. PMPA have geminal substituents of propionamide and methoxy carbonyl in each monomer unit. It was found that PMPA shows the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at 50.6 °C sharply. The LCST of PMPA was almost independent of the polymer concentration above 40 g/l, while, below 40 g/l, it decreased with the increasing polymer concentration. The effect of salt addition (NaCl, NaBr, and Na2SO4) on the LCST was also studied. The LCST of PMPA linearly decreased with the increasing concentration of each salt. The salting-out effect of these salts was in line with the Hofmeister series: Na2SO4>NaCl>NaBr. 相似文献
26.
The effect of polyethylene oxide (PEO) on the growth hobit of silver iodobromide emulsion groins was investigated. Cubic (100) and tetradecahedral (100 + 111) iodobromide groins become more octahedral (111) in shope in the presence of PEO. The effect increased with increasing iodide content, while pure bromide grains were little influenced by PEO. 相似文献
27.
28.
New solid solution nanocrystals with fluorite‐type cubic structure in the ceria (CeO2)‐yttrium niobate (1/4Y3NbO7) system were directly formed at 120°C–240°C from the precursor solution mixtures of (NH4)Ce(NO3)6, YCl3·6H2O, and NbCl5 under mild hydrothermal conditions in the presence of aqueous ammonia. The hydrothermal formation of cubic solid solution nanocrystals in the wide composition range of CeO2 (mol%) = 10–100 in the CeO2–1/4Y3NbO7 system was effectively achieved via the assistance of the presence of CeO2 component more than 10 mol% as a promoter with the same fluorite‐type structure. The optical band gap of the solid solutions gradually decreased with increased CeO2 component. The high phase stability of the solid solutions in the CeO2–1/4Y3NbO7 system was confirmed, i.e., the single cubic phase of the solid solutions was maintained after heat treatment at 600°C–1500°C for 1 h in air. The presence of Y3NbO7 as an inhibitor and the substitutional incorporation of Y3NbO7 into the lattice, CeO2 effectively controlled the crystallite growth of CeO2, and nano‐sized cubic solid solutions with high specific surface areas were maintained after heat treatment up to 800°C–1000°C for 1 h air. 相似文献
29.
Hiroshi Enomoto Masashi Fujitsuka Tomoyasu Hasegawa Masatoshi Kuwada Akihiko Tanioka Mie Minagawa 《Electrical Engineering in Japan》2010,173(2):8-20
A pressure‐retarded osmosis (PRO) power generation system is a hydroelectric power system which utilizes permeation flow through a semipermeable membrane. Permeation flow is generated by the potential energy of the salinity difference between sea water and fresh water. Since the cost of the membrane is high, the permeation performance of the membrane must be improved in order to realize PRO systems. We have investigated reverse osmosis (RO) membrane products as semipermeable membranes and measured the permeation volume of a few products. The generation power per unit membrane area calculated from the permeation volume is about 0.62 W/m2. But as a result of our improvements (greater salt water volume, spacers for fresh water channel with the function of discharging concentrated salinity, extralow‐pressure type of membrane, washing the support layer of membrane when the generation power falls by half) the generated power may be 2.43 W/m2. Then the power system cost would be about 4.1 million yen/kW. In addition, if the support layer of the membrane is made thinner and a PRO system is applied to equipment where pumping power for another purpose is available (wastewater treatment plants located at the seaside, thermal and nuclear power plants, sea water desalination plants), the generated power may be increased. These improvements may enable PRO systems to be realized at a cost close to that of photovoltaic power systems. 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(2): 8–20, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience. wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/eej.21000 相似文献
30.
Minagawa K Berber MR Hafez IH Mori T Tanaka M 《Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine》2012,23(4):973-981
Target delivery and controlled release of the chemopreventive drug sulindac that possesses low water solubility present a
great challenge for its pharmaceutical industry. Here, we offered an advanced nanomatrix formulation system of sulindac based
on layered double hydroxide materials. The X-ray analysis and infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of sulindac
into the gallery of the layered double hydroxides. The incorporation ratios of sulindac were recorded to be 45, 31 and 20
for coprecipitation, anion-exchange and reconstruction techniques, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy showed a
nanomatrix-structure of ~50 nm. The release studies of sulindac-nanomatrix showed a 96% controlled release at the small intestine
solution during 3 h(s), indicating an enhancement in the dissolution profile of sulindac after the matrix formation. The layered
structure of the matrix supplied sulindac with a well-ordered structure and a relatively hydrophobic microenvironment that
controlled the guest hydrolysis and reactivity during the release process. The laminar structure of layered double hydroxides
offered a safe preservation for sulindac against photodecarboxylation, and enhanced the drug thermal stability from 190 to
230° C. The ionic electrostatic interaction of sulindac through its acidic group with layered double hydroxides demolished
the gastrointestinal ulceration. 相似文献