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31.
Tatsuya Kodama Ken-ichi Tominaga Masahiro Tabata Takashi Yoshida Yutaka Tamaura 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1992,75(5):1287-1289
Active wustite (FeδO, with a δ value of 0.98) was prepared by keeping normal wustite (δ value of 0.94) in a N2 atmosphere at 300°C for 10 min. This reaction is given by (4δ2 –3)Feδ1 O→(4δ1 –3)Feδ2 O + (δ2 –δ1 )Fe3 O4 where δ1 = 0.94 and δ2 = 0.98. The equation indicates that the normal wustite undergoes eutectoid decomposition into active wustite and stoichiometric magnetite (Fe3 O4 ). Carbon dioxide (1.013 × 105 Pa) was almost completely (100%) decomposed into carbon (zero valence) by the active wustite at the low temperature of 300°C, which was associated with the transformation of the active wustite into the stoichiometric magnetite. The internal pressure of the reaction cell eventually became a vacuum. 相似文献
32.
Viscoelastic properties of poly(isoprene-b-styrene) in dioctylphthalate under steady shear flow were measured near the order—disorder transition temperature. In ordered states, first normal stress difference N1 is proportional to shear rate
at low
region, but becomes proportional to
at the high
region, similar to the N1 behaviour of polymer blends undergoing shear-induced homogenization. Because the existence of microdomains was confirmed at the high
region by the flow birefringence method, it is concluded that the above N1 behaviour is not caused by shear-induced homogenization, but is probably caused by the shear-induced alignment of the microdomain structure. 相似文献
33.
Y. Tsunekawa M. Okumiya T. Kobayashi M. Okuda M. Fukumoto 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》1996,5(2):139-144
Nitrides of transition metals have good wear- and corrosion-resistant properties because of their high hardness and chemical
stability. Chromium-nitride coatings can be deposited by ion plating; however, the thin thickness due to the slow deposition
rate must be improved for severe wear-resistant applications. The main objective in this paper is to realize good structural
control in the processing of chromiumnitride in situ composite coatings formed at a high deposition rate. They were synthesized
by reactive low-pressure plasma spraying using elemental chromium powder as a spray material. The transferred arc between
the gun electrode and the substrate was used to accelerate the nitriding reaction. The sprayed coatings consist of chromium,
Cr2N, and CrN, which have a composition gradient from the substrate interface to the surface. The volume fraction of Cr2N increases with transferred arc current, and nonreacted chromium concurrently decreases, except close to the substrate. The
CrN phase, however, only exists as a surface layer of 20 to 30 μm because it is decomposed to Cr2N above 1420 K. The hardness of the composite coatings depends on the volume fraction of Cr2N, and it increases to 1300 HV at a Cr2N volume fraction of 0.98. The seizure stress with lubricant depends on the coating hardness. The maximum seizure stress of
24.9 MPa is obtained at a hardness of 1300 HV. The composite coatings also show a superior wear resistance. Hence, the Cr2N in situ composite coatings synthesized by reactive plasma spraying with transferred arc are expected to be good candidates
for wear-resistant applications. 相似文献
34.
M. Fukumoto T. Yamaguchi M. Yamada T. Yasui 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2007,16(5-6):905-912
A variety of metallic powder particles were thermally sprayed onto the mirror polished metallic substrate surface and the
effect of both substrate temperature and ambient pressure on the flattening behavior of the particle was systematically investigated.
In the flattening behavior of the sprayed particle onto the substrate surface, critical conditions were recognized both in
the substrate temperature and ambient pressure. That is, the flattening behavior changed transitionally on that critical temperature
and pressure range, respectively. A transition temperature, T
t, and transition pressure, P
t, were defined and introduced, respectively for those critical conditions. The fact that the dependence of both transition
temperature and transition pressure on the sprayed particle material had similar tendency indicated that the wetting of the
substrate by the molten particles seemed to be a domination in the flattening. Three-dimensional transition curvature by combining
both transition temperature and transition pressure dependence was proposed as a practical and effective controlling principle
of the thermal spray process.
This article is an invited paper selected from presentations at the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference and has been
expanded from the original presentation. It is simultaneously published in Global Coating Solutions, Proceedings of the 2007 International Thermal Spray Conference, Beijing, China, May 14-16, 2007, Basil R. Marple, Margaret M. Hyland, Yuk-Chiu Lau, Chang-Jiu Li, Rogerio S. Lima, and Ghislain
Montavon, Ed., ASM International, Materials Park, OH, 2007. 相似文献
35.
Masahiro Hayashi Masahiko Jin Sutasn Thipprakmas Masao Murakawa Jung-Chung Hung Yu-Chung Tsai Ching-Hua Hung 《Journal of Materials Processing Technology》2003,140(1-3):30-35
In ultrasonic-vibration drawing, wires are drawn while ultrasonic vibration is applied to a drawing die. Prior studies provide experimental proof that ultrasonic-vibration drawing reduces drawing resistance, improves lubrication and prevents wire breakage. In the future, ultrasonic-vibration drawing is expected to contribute to the drawing of difficult-to-draw materials and operations, such as shaped wires, ultrafine wires, and the wire drawing operation in semidry or dry condition. However, a detailed analysis and understanding of the mechanism of improvement is not possible on the basis of conventional experimental observations because the ultrasonic-vibration processing phenomenon occurs at high speed. Therefore, we attempted to understand the processing mechanism of ultrasonic-vibration drawing using the finite element method (FEM). ABAQUS was used for the FEM. Drawing force and stress–strain distributions in drawn wires were analyzed. From these studies, we quantitatively clarified the mechanism of improved drawing characteristics, such as decreased drawing force. 相似文献
36.
Yoshiaki Ukita Toshifumi Asano Kuniyo Fujiwara Katsuhiro Matsui Masahiro Takeo Seiji Negoro Yuichi Utsumi 《Microsystem Technologies》2008,14(9-11):1573-1579
The advantages of vertical microreactor stack with three-dimensional (3D) structure for immunoassay are discussed. The vertical microreactor stack uses vertical fluid flow operation with multifunctional fluid filters. The multi function of fluid filter is very effective for micromixing and passive valve operation. The mechanism of micromixing is discussed by using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), and we know that the mixing mechanism based on Coanda effect. To evaluate the micromixing performance of fluid filter, we demonstrated enzyme reaction with unique repeat mixing operation. As the results, we proved that the fluid filter has very effective mixing performance. The detection limit, which demonstrated by competition enzyme-linked immunosorvent assay (ELISA), is comparable with recommended detection limit, which suggested by Japanese ministry for the environment. 相似文献
37.
Masahiro Nakagawa Tadashi Kondo Tsuyosi Kudo Shoichiro Takao Junji Ueno 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2009,14(2):118-122
In this study, we propose a revised radial basis function (RBF) neural network algorithm and apply this algorithm to computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of the liver. First, the revised RBF neural network algorithm is applied to recognition of the liver regions, and the recognition results are compared with those obtained using the conventional RBF neural network and the conventional multilayered neural network trained using the back-propagation algorithm. It is shown that the revised RBF neural network is accurate, and is a useful method because the parameters are automatically determined. Then, the revised RBF neural network is applied to CAD of the liver cancer called hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). 相似文献
38.
Hideaki Adachi Toshifumi Satoh Masahiro Sakai Koichi Mizuno Kentaro Setsune 《Journal of Superconductivity》1994,7(4):737-741
Epitaxial multilayer thin films of infinite-layer (Sr, Ca)CuO2 and perovskite (Sr, Ca)RuO3 have been prepared on (100) SrTiO3 substrates by multitarget rf magnetron sputtering. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that the multilayer structure of (Sr, Ca)CuO3/(Sr, Ca)RuO3 was successfully fabricated with a minimum layer thickness of 20 Å. Transmission electron microscopy measurements of the multilayers indicated that there was no dislocation which normally exists in single-layer films with an infinite-layer structure. Resistivities of multilayer films at room temperature ranged from 1 to 10 m cm and showed semiconductor-like dependence against the temperature. 相似文献
39.
Simultaneous removal of acetaldehyde, ammonia, and hydrogen sulphide from air by the impregnated active carbon was studied at 25C. p-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), and metal compound such as copper (II) chloride dihydrate (CuCl2·2H2O), copper (II) nitrate trihydrate (Cu(NO3)2·3H2O), and potassium iodide (KI) were investigated as impregnation ingredients. Acetaldehyde and ammonia were simultaneously removed from air by the active carbon impregnated with PABA and H3PO4. The removal was found to be made mainly through chemical reaction. Acetaldehyde, ammonia, and hydrogen sulphide were simultaneously removed from air by the active carbon impregnated with PABA, H3PO4, and metal compound such as CuCl2·2H2O, Cu(NO3)2·3H2O, and KI. 相似文献
40.
Rational Filters for Passive Depth from Defocus 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
A fundamental problem in depth from defocus is the measurement of relative defocus between images. The performance of previously proposed focus operators are inevitably sensitive to the frequency spectra of local scene textures. As a result, focus operators such as the Laplacian of Gaussian result in poor depth estimates. An alternative is to use large filter banks that densely sample the frequency space. Though this approach can result in better depth accuracy, it sacrifices the computational efficiency that depth from defocus offers over stereo and structure from motion. We propose a class of broadband operators that, when used together, provide invariance to scene texture and produce accurate and dense depth maps. Since the operators are broadband, a small number of them are sufficient for depth estimation of scenes with complex textural properties. In addition, a depth confidence measure is derived that can be computed from the outputs of the operators. This confidence measure permits further refinement of computed depth maps. Experiments are conducted on both synthetic and real scenes to evaluate the performance of the proposed operators. The depth detection gain error is less than 1%, irrespective of texture frequency. Depth accuracy is found to be 0.51.2% of the distance of the object from the imaging optics. 相似文献