高胆汁酸血症对肝脏能量代谢的影响

目的：探讨高胆汁酸血症单一因素对肝脏能量代谢的影响。方法：经Wistar大鼠颈内静脉持续给阳外源性胆汁酸,升高其外周血清中胆汁酸浓度,模拟阻塞性黄疸患者外周血清中胆汁酸的变化规律。观察腹腕动脉酮体比值及肝组织能荷变化,时间一周。结果：随外周血清中胆法 酸浓度的升高,腹腔动脉血酮体比值,肝组织能荷均呈进行性下降,结论：高胆汁酸血症时肝脏能量代谢受损,表明在阻塞性黄疸患者肝功能损害中高胆汁酸血症起了重要作用。     

儿童肾病综合征患者血小板和血浆von Willebrand因子的变化

目的：观察儿童肾病综合征患者血小板计数和血浆von Willebrand因子的变化,方法,采用ELISA法检测58例NS患儿血浆vWF及血小板计数,并与正常对照组进行比较,结果：NS患儿vwF水平及血小板计数均明显高于正常对照组,两组有显著性差异（P＜0．01）,结论,血浆vWF与血小板计同步升高与NS患儿的高凝状态及血栓形成有一定的关系。     

氢化可的松注射液在光作用下的稳定性研究

目的　用灯光为光源研究药物在自然光照射下的稳定性。方法　采用自制的光量累积仪 ,用脉冲计数法对自然光进行累积计量 ,研究氢化可的松注射液在灯光及自然光照射下的含量变化规律 ;探讨不同光源对该药物稳定性的影响 ;并预测该药物在室内自然光照射下的贮存期。结果　氢化可的松注射液在光照试验中的含量变化遵从零级动力学规律 :C=C0 - k Et;在无外包装条件下 ,室内自然光照射下的贮存期约为 36天 ,与留样测得的结果 35天基本一致。结论　采用灯光照射实验可研究药物在自然光照射下的稳定性。     

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of young people: A comparison between China and the United Kingdom

Purpose: As COVID-19 spreads globally and affects people''s health, there are concerns that the pandemic and control policies may have psychological effects on young people (age from 17 to 35 years). This psychological impact might vary in different countries, and thus we compared the prevalence of selfreported psychological distress, loneliness and posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among young people in the United Kingdom (UK) and China at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Data of this study came from two sources. One source was the first wave of COVID-19 study in Understanding Society, a special wave of the UK household longitudinal study, which provided the highquality, national-wide representative panel data. The sample comprised 1054 young people. The other source was an online survey on the mental health of 1003 young people from Shanghai, a highly developed area in China. The questionnaire included questions on the prevalence of common mental disorders (cut-off score ≥ 4), loneliness and potential PTSS (cut-off ≥ 33). Univariable analyses were conducted to test the differences in the self-reported prevalence of psychological distress and loneliness between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were run to explore the predictors of psychological distress and loneliness among all the young people from England and Shanghai. Results: Among the samples with self-reported psychological distress, the UK sample accounted for 34.4% (n = 1054) and the Chinese sample accounted for 14.1% (n = 1003). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Additionally, 57.1% of people in the UK and 46.7% in China reported that they sometimes or often felt lonely, of which the difference is statistically significant (p < 0.001). Regression analysis of the entire samples showed that nationality, gender, psychotherapy and loneliness were significant predictors of 12-item General Health Questionnaire scores, while the variables of age and living alone were not. Significant predictors of self-reported loneliness were the nationality, gender, age, living alone and psychotherapy. In China, 123 (12.3%) young people, 49 men (11.3%) and 74 women (13.0%), met the criteria of PTSS symptoms (cut-off scores ≥ 33). These scores were only collected in China. Conclusion: This evidence suggests that mental health and loneliness reported by young people were lower in China than that in the UK during the studied period. More research is needed to understand these differences. If the differential negative psychological impacts are confirmed, country-specific measures of prevention and intervention should be adopted to improve the mental health of young people under the ongoing impact of the pandemic.     

基于双链特异性核酸酶触发滚环扩增的microRNA-21太赫兹超材料传感方法的构建

目的:构建一种太赫兹(THz)超材料传感方法用于microRNA-21(miRNA-21)的信号放大检测。方法:首先构建THz超材料传感方法,并用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳及zeta电位验证方法的可行性;对传感器检测条件进行优化之后,对不同浓度的miRNA-21以及其他不同的miRNAs进行检测,并与其他microRNA检测方法进行比较;最后,对该传感器的回收率进行了评价。结果:在最优实验条件下,通过双链特异性核酸酶(DSN)循环识别与滚环扩增(RCA)的双重信号放大策略,该THz超材料传感器对靶标miRNA-21的响应范围为10 fmol/L至10 nmol/L,检测限为8.49 fmol/L。并且该传感器具有较好的特异性,具备了从多种miRNAs中识别靶标miRNA-21的能力,并且在商业化人血清样本中的回收率可达94.33%到115.33%。结论:该THz传感器可以实现靶标miRNA-21的高灵敏、高特异性检测,具备了在miRNA相关疾病无标记诊断与早期预警的潜力。     

Vaccination with chimeric protein induces protection in murine model against ascariasis

An estimated 400 million people are infected by parasites of the genus Ascaris and the existing control measures are inefficient. Vaccine development using B cell antigens is a promising strategy for increased protection against this parasite. The present study aimed at developing a chimeric protein capable of conferring protection against infection by Ascaris sp. For this purpose, we performed B-cell epitope predictions on previously described vaccine candidate proteins from Ascaris suum and the corresponding peptides were used to construct a chimeric protein. Female BALB / c mice were immunized subcutaneously in three doses at 10 day intervals with a vaccine formulation comprised of the chimeric protein together with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). Control groups included protein alone, MPLA, or PBS. After challenge infection, animals vaccinated with chimeric protein plus MPLA showed a reduction of 73.54% of larval load in the lung compared to control group animals. Animals immunized with chimeric protein plus MPLA also display higher IgG response and a reduction in lung inflammation. Our study highlights how chimeric proteins containing more than one B cell epitope can enhance immune protection against helminthic infection and offer new approaches to the development of Ascaris vaccines.     

The prevalence of stroke and related risk factors among residents aged ≥ 40 years in Chongqing,Southwest China

Journal of Public Health - China bears the largest global stroke burden, yet little is known about its rates in Chongqing, southwest China. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and related risk...     

直接法与统计法测试松质骨孔隙率的比较研究

目的 探讨松质骨孔隙率的测试方法。方法 对15根猪胫骨分别采用“直接法”与“统计法”测试松质骨孔隙率或其表观密度和材料密度。结果 （1）孔隙率与表观密度呈非常显著负相关,而与材料密度相关不显著;（2）孔隙率沿轴向靠近密质量骨逐渐减小,而沿横向基本不变;（3）统计法可测出松质骨各个层面的孔隙率大小。结论 直接法和统计法均能检测松质骨孔隙率,但统计法较直接法更能反映孔隙率的分布与变化规律。     

全麻诱导前预注芬太尼“先发镇痛”效应临床研究

目的：探讨全麻预注芬太尼的先发镇痛效应。／方法：选择40例择期全麻病人,随机分成试验组与对照组（n=20例）,术前常规用药,试验组诱导前用芬太尼5ug/kg,对照组将芬太尼改切皮后静注,术中麻醉维持相同,手术结束后病人自然清醒。术后有镇痛药使用意愿者均使用哌替啶镇痛。结果：两组病人一般情况及芬太尼总用量无显著性差异（P＞0．05）,试验组初次使用镇痛药时间明显延长（P＜0．01）,用药次数及剂量也显著少于对照组（P＜0．01）,试验组术后仅7（35％）例使用派替啶,而对照组使用哌替啶者达15（75％）例,两组差异性显著（P＜0．05）,结论：全麻前预注芬太尼具有良好的先发镇痛效应。     

血浆代用品快速静脉输注对血清电解质的影响

目的 :观察 10 0例大中型手术患者手术早期快速静脉输入佳乐施和海脉素对血清电解质的影响。方法 :病人随机分为佳乐施组 (n =5 0 )和海脉素组 (n =5 0 ) ,静脉输入平衡盐液 5 0 0ml后快速输入佳乐施或海脉素 10 0 0ml,血浆代用品输入前后采取静脉血作血清电解质分析。结果 :佳乐施输入后血清K+较输入前降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,海脉素输入后血清Cl-和Ca 均较输入前增高 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :大剂量使用血浆代用品时应监测血清电解质水平和血液酸碱平衡情况。