基于球形标记的多模态医学体配准

本文提出在医学多模态数据集 (尤其是 MRI和 CT)中基于球形人造标记的体配准过程。此过程或是半自动或是全自动完成的。半自动方法要求数据集中标出球形标记的近似点位置 ,再自动进行配准。全自动方法不需要用户的任何交互操作 ,即所有配准子任务 (球体的分割、寻找两组球体的对应关系、最后把第一套球体映射成第二套球体的几何变换的计算 )能由计算机自动执行。在全自动配准中 ,积聚器算法和迭代最近点算法的结合证明是一种有效的和鲁棒性好的点匹配方法     

缺碘和氟中毒对大鼠甲状腺的协同作用

实验用Wistar大鼠212只,按饮食中碘和氟含量不同随机分为五组,实验期为7个月。结果显示:摄碘正常的大鼠长期饮用30ppm氟水后引起甲状腺功能和形态的严重损害,而饮用10ppm氟水的大鼠仅见甲状腺滤泡上皮超微结构的轻度异常变化;单纯性缺碘大鼠甲状腺肿大并伴有代偿性功能变化,缺碘并饮用10ppm氟水的大鼠在其甲状腺肿大的同时伴有明显的形态结构损伤及甲状腺代偿功能抑制,甚至功能低下。     

凝血酶对大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞的影响

目的 :探讨凝血酶 (Thrombin ,TM )对脑微血管内皮的影响。方法 :将大鼠脑微血管内皮细胞进行培养 ,培养液中加入 10U的TM或10U的TM + 0 .4mU的组织蛋白酶G(CaspethsinG ,CATG ) ,相差显微镜动态观察内皮细胞形态的变化 ,免疫组织化学技术检测基质金属蛋白酶 2 (MatrixMetalloproteinase 2 ,MMP 2 )表达的改变。 结果 :TM使内皮细胞发生收缩 ,细胞收缩程度具有时间依赖性 ,使内皮细胞MMP 2表达水平明显增加。TM +CATG加入培养液后 ,细胞形态、MMP 2表达与对照组比较均无明显统计学差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :TM通过激活蛋白酶激活受体 1(proteaseactivatedreceptor 1,PAR 1) ,使内皮细胞发生收缩 ,促进MMP 2表达 ,是TM增加血脑屏障 (BloodBrainBarrier,BBB)通透性的可能机制。     

Synaptic contacts between serotonergic and cholinergic neurons in the rat dorsal raphe nucleus and laterodorsal tegmental nucleus

We examined synaptic connectivity between cholinergic and serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus of the rat. To this purpose we employed two variations (the combination of pre-embedding immunogold-silver intensification with avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique and the combination of avidin-biotin-peroxidase/3, 3'-diaminobenzidine/silver-gold intensification with avidin-biotin-peroxidase/3,3'-diaminobenzidine reaction) of a double pre-embedding immunoelectron procedure, using primary antibodies against vesicular acetylcholine transporter and serotonin. At the light-microscopic level, serotonin-like immunoreactive neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus appeared as reddish black and vesicular acetylcholine transporter-like immunoreactive axon terminals were brown colored using a combination of pre-embedding immunogold-silver technique and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique. Serotonin-like immunoreactive fibers projected to the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus. At the electron microscopy level, with both methods we observed in the dorsal raphe nucleus vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunopositive axon terminals in synaptic contact with serotonin-like immunoreactive dendrites and, to a lesser degree, with serotonin-like immunoreactive cell bodies. These synapses usually were of the symmetrical type. Occasionally we noted, next to vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunopositive axon terminals, also immunonegative terminals synapsing with the serotonin-like immunoreactive dendrites. In the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus we found serotonin-like immunoreactive axon terminals and immunonegative terminals forming synapses with vesicular acetylcholine transporter-immunoreactive dendrites. Most synapses formed by the serotonin-like immunopositive terminals were of the asymmetrical type.Our results suggest that serotonergic neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus and cholinergic neurons in the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus may reciprocally influence each other by means of synaptic connectivity. Such connectivity may serve to regulate pain sensation, or be involved in the regulation of the sleeping-waking cycle.     

Recurrent chromosome changes in 62 primary gastric carcinomas detected by comparative genomic hybridization

Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) has been applied to detect recurrent chromosome alterations in 62 primary gastric carcinomas. Several nonrandom chromosomal changes, including gains of 8q (31 cases, 50%), 20q (29 cases, 47%) with a minimum gain region at 20q11. 2-q12, 13q (21 cases, 34%) with a minimum gain region at 13q22, and 3q (19 cases, 31%) were commonly observed. The regions most frequently lost included: 19p (23 cases, 37%), 17p (21 cases, 33%), and 1p (14 cases, 23%). High copy number gain (DNA sequence amplification) was detected in 6 cases. Amplification of 8q23-q24.2 and 20q11.2-q12 were observed in 3 cases. Gain of 20q and loss of 19p were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using corresponding bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) clones from those regions. The gain and loss of chromosomal regions identified in this study provide candidate regions involved in gastric tumorigenesis.     

Association of genetic polymorphism in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene with endometrial hypoplasia in infertile women

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between the plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) polymorphisms and endometrial hypoplasia in infertile women. METHODS: The study was conducted in 105 primary infertile patients with endometrial hypoplasia diagnosed by pathology and the thickness of endometrium by B-mode ultrasound and 85 controls who were not pregnant and had normal fertility. The -675 4G/5G polymorphism in the PAI-1 gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymerphim analysis. RESULTS: The frequencies of 4G/4G genotype and 4G allele of the PAI-1 gene were higher in the patient group (48.6% and 66.2%) than in the normal controls (22.4% and 47.1%) (P < 0.01). ThePAI-1 4G/4G genotype was significantly associated with endometrial hypoplasia in the infertile patients (OR=4.9, 95% CI: 2.10-10.12). CONCLUSION: The present findings suggest that the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene was associated with endometrial hypoplasia in infertile patients.     

脑红蛋白在成年男性生殖系统的表达及意义

目的:探讨脑红蛋白(neuroglobin,Ngb)在成年男性生殖系统的表达及其意义。方法:用免疫组织化学SP法观测Ngb在成人男性生殖系统的表达、分布与定位。结果:Ngb在生殖系统内神经节细胞、睾丸间质细胞有较强表达,在睾丸支持细胞、生精细胞、附睾管腔上皮、前列腺腺上皮及精囊黏膜上皮呈弱阳性表达。结论:Ngb在男性生殖系统中分布广泛,其功能值得研究。     

铁路警察和监狱警察应对方式比较

目的了解铁路警察和监狱警察应对方式的差异。方法采用应对方式问卷对87名广州铁路警察进行调查，并以87名监狱警察作为对照组。结果铁路警察的主要应对方式是解决问题，与监狱警察相类似，但铁路警察的退避、自责得分较高（P〈0．05）。女性和青年的应对方式无差异（P〉0．05），而男性和中年铁路警察的自责、退避得分较高（P〈0．05）。对铁路警察的应对方式进行回归分析发现他们的应对方式与其待遇评价、警龄、是否想转行和婚姻状况密切相关。结论铁路警察的应对方式是积极的，退避和自责可能是与铁路警察职业相适应的应对方式调整。     

Pentoxifylline attenuates the development of hyperalgesia in a rat model of neuropathic pain

Pentoxifylline, a non-specific cytokine inhibitor, has shown to be beneficial in inflammatory pain in both experimental and clinical studies. The present study demonstrates for the first time, to our knowledge, the antihyperalgesic effect of pentoxifylline in the neuropathic pain using L5 spinal nerve transection rat model. In a preventive paradigm, pentoxifylline (12.5, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was administered systemically daily, beginning 1 h prior to nerve transection. Pentoxifylline (50, or 100 mg/kg i.p.) produced significant decrease in the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. However, pentoxifylline (100 mg/kg i.p.) did not influence the paw pressure thresholds and paw withdrawal latency in sham-operated rats. In order to understand the possible antinocicieptive effect of pentoxifylline in neuropathic pain, we examined the level of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 protein in the contralateral brain on day 7 post-transection. Pentoxifylline administration resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of the production of proinflammatory cytokines like TNFα, IL-1β and IL-6, and enhancement of IL-10. Furthermore, we investigated the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in the contralateral brain on days 7 after surgery. In accordance with the change of proinflammatory cytokines, Pentoxifylline (50 or 100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the activation of NF-κB in the brain. This research supports a growing body of literature emphasizing the importance of neuroinflammation and neuroimmune activation in the development of neuropathic pain states, and the potential preventive value of pentoxifylline in the treatment of neuropathic pain.