UW液对冠状动脉功能影响的实验研究

目的 :探讨UniversityofWisconsin液 (UW液 )对猪冠状动脉功能的影响。方法 :取新鲜猪心外膜下冠状动脉前降支切成 3段 ,长 3mm ,共 2 8条血管环 ,随机分 4组 ,每组 7条。常温下 ,对照Ⅰ组 :在 37℃有氧的器官槽中用重碳酸盐缓冲液 (KH液 )保存 4h ;AⅠ组 :同等条件下用UW液保存 4h。低温下 ,对照Ⅱ组 :在 4℃无氧的冰箱中用KH液保存 4h ;AⅡ组 :同等条件下用UW液保存 4h。采用器官槽法 ,持续监测在 37℃保存过程中血管环张力的变化 ,及在环加氧酶阻断剂消炎痛 (7μmol L)和一氧化氮合成酶阻断剂N 硝基 L 精氨酸 (30 0 μmol L)作用下 ,前列腺素F2α(30nmol L)及非受体介导钙离子载体引发的收缩舒张反应。结果 :与对照Ⅰ组相比 ,AⅠ组血管末张力明显降低 ,AⅠ组预收缩反应程度明显降低。与对照Ⅰ组、对照Ⅱ组相比 ,非受体介导钙离子载体引发的舒张反应 ,AⅠ组、AⅡ组明显下降。结论 :在 37℃条件下UW液对冠状动脉张力的影响主要以舒张为主 ;低温有利于UW液对冠状动脉的收缩功能的保护 ;冠状动脉经UW液保存 4h后 ,内皮源性超极化因子介导血管舒张功能降低     

Impact of binocular integrated visual field defects on healthy related quality of life in glaucoma

To investigate the impact of different types of binocular integrated visual field defects on the quality of life in glaucoma.Ninety-six patients with primary glaucoma were divided into 5 groups with 25, 24, 11, 15, and 21 patients according to types of the binocular integrated visual field (BVF) defects. The criteria for BVF grouping included mild visual field defect in binocular eyes, mild visual field defect in 1 eye and moderate or advanced defect in the other, moderate and non-overlapping visual field defect in both eyes, overlapping and moderate visual field defect in binocular eyes, and severe defect in both eyes, respectively. The visual field (VF) evaluation was based on H-P-A visual field grading system. Visual acuity, visual field tests and Glaucoma Quality of Life-15 Questionnaire (GQL-15) were performed for enrolled patients, and binocular visual field results were integrated. The changes and correlations of the Visual field index values and quality of life scores were compared among the 5 groups. The main factors affecting the quality of life in glaucoma were analyzed by multiple regression analysis.The best binocular integrated visual field index (BVFI) and optimal quality of life were observed in group A. The BVFI of group B was better than that of group C or group D, but the peripheral vision glare and dark adaptation were worse. No significant difference was noted between group C and group D in terms of BVFI. However, the glare and dark adaptation in group C were better than that in group D. The BVFI was the lowest and the quality of life was the worst in group E. In all, BVFI and decibels (dB) values were negatively correlated with GQL-15 scores and positively correlated with patients’ quality of life.Binocular integrated visual field accurately reflects the visual function in glaucoma. Higher binocular integrated visual field indices represent a better quality of life for patients with glaucoma. Mild to moderate synchronous or complementary binocular VF defects had a slight effect on the quality of life, while severe and non-compensated VF loss significantly impacts on quality of life in glaucoma patients.     

心内直视手术中输自体血临床研究

１９８９～１９９３年的４年中，共进行心内直视手术时输自体血１７５５例（其中成人１５５５例，儿童２００例），共放出自体血１０５万ｍｌ，平均每例放血６００ｍｌ。患者年龄最小生后６２天，最大７４岁，体重最轻４．５ｋｇ，最重９８ｋｓ。本文推道了临床情况放血方法及一系列临床科研工作。此项工作培养了干部，节约了库血，减轻了患者经济负担和减少手术后肝炎发生的危险，应广为宣传应用。     

血小板microRNAs在先天性心脏病患儿中输血导致的血小板激活作用研究

目的本研究拟通过检测血浆中的几种血小板micro RNAs来观察输血对先天性心脏病患儿血小板活性的影响,以进一步明确输血导致缺血性并发症的相关机制,为临床合理用血提供参考。方法 2013年10月至2014年6月,选择本院100例拟行先天性心脏病矫治术的患儿作为研究对象,输血组和未输血组各50名。输血组将患儿静脉血1.8 ml与0.5 ml同型贮存红细胞悬液混合,30 min后检测各项指标。采用流式细胞仪检测血小板表面P-选择素的表达水平以及血小板微粒(PMP)的含量。光密度比浊法检测两组患儿ADP诱导下血小板的聚集功能。运用Taqman探针实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测血浆血小板来源的mi R-223、mi R-24、mi R-126、mi R-191的水平。进一步比较未输血组患儿中,非紫绀型亚组与紫绀型亚组间血小板活性、聚集功能及上述几种micro RNAs的表达有无差异。结果两组患儿输血前血红蛋白(Hb)水平无组间差异(P>0.05),输血组加入0.5 ml贮存红细胞悬液后,Hb较之前升高(23±6)g/L。输血组较未输血组,血小板表面P-选择素的表达水平、PMP的含量以及血小板聚集功能均明显增高(P<0.05)。输血组血浆血小板来源的几种micro RNAs含量较未输血组明显升高(P<0.05),以mi R-223的差异性最为显著。未输血组中,紫绀型亚组血小板激活程度较非紫绀型亚组明显增高,血小板聚集功能明显降低,几种micro RNAs的表达均较高(P<0.05)。结论输血可引起血浆中血小板来源的micro RNAs表达增高,尤其是mi R-223,可作为研究不同疾病状态下血小板活性的指标。为减少输血相关不良反应,临床输血应严格掌握用血指征。     

二氮嗪预处理对深低温停循环脑早期保护作用的实验研究

目的观察二氮嗪预处理对深低温停循环（DHCA）所致的脑损伤的早期保护作用，并探讨其可能机制。方法健康大耳白兔24只，随机分为3组，每组8只：对照组（安慰剂组）：DHCA＋安慰剂；实验组（二氮嗪组）：DHCA＋二氮嗪（二氮嗪5mg／kg，CPB前15min静脉注入）；拮抗剂组（5-HD组）：DHCA＋5-HD（20mg／kg，给予二氮嗪前静脉注入）＋二氮嗪（5mg／kg，CPB前15min静脉注入）。每组均经CPB降温至鼻咽温18℃，停循环60min，复温，停机，取脑组织。观察指标为脑组织含水量、脑组织匀浆中兴奋性氨基酸（EAA）及丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性的变化，并制作电镜标本行透射电镜观察脑组织超微结构的改变。结果实验组脑组织含水量及MDA含量明显低于对照组（P〈0．05b）及拮抗剂组（P〈0．05）；实验组EAA含量及SOD活性明显高于对照组（P〈0．01）及拮抗剂组（P〈0．05）；拮抗剂组各项指标与对照组比无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；电镜结果示各组脑细胞超微结构明显损伤，总体印象实验组各种神经元细胞器损伤较上述组有所减轻。结论二氮嗪预处理对DHCA引起的神经元损伤具有早期保护作用。     

晶体停跳液和含血停跳液的临床应用研究

目的：观察晶体停跳液和含血停跳液对心肌的保护作用。方法：２０例择期性心脏瓣膜替换术患者分别用晶体停跳液（１０例）和含血停跳液（１０例）灌注的结果进行分析。结果：两组在直视手术中心脏停跳良好。围术期血液动力学指标，平均动脉压、中心静脉压、心率无明显差异。心肌摄氧率大致相同。但晶体停跳液组的冠状动脉乳酸摄取率明显低于含血停跳液组，而含血停跳液组的血浆肌酸激酶及其同功酶的水平明显低于晶体停跳液组。电子显微镜观察可见晶体停跳液组右心房心肌的超微结构（线粒体、肌丝）严重损坏，而含血停跳液组对其有明显保护效果。含血停跳液组自动复跳率（６０．５％）明显高于晶体停跳液组（４４．９％）。结论：含血停跳液有很多优点，如临床安全性、心肌酶释放减少、超微结构损伤轻等。