止咳枇杷冲剂中枇杷叶和桔梗的薄层色谱鉴别研究

研究止咳枇杷冲剂中枇杷叶和桔梗的薄层色谱鉴别方法。分别取枇杷叶和桔梗药材，制剂及阴性制剂的醋酸乙酯提取液，在硅胶板上前者以ψ（氯仿：甲醇：水）=2：2.25:1.5展开，后者以ψ（正已烷：氯仿：甲醇）=5：4：0.3展开，磷钼酸乙醇溶液显色，在两者供试吕色谱中与各自对照药材色谱相应位置上，分别有相同的蓝绿色特征斑点；阴性制剂色谱图中无此斑点，因此该方法可作为这两味中药的鉴别方法。     

预防婴幼儿急腹症手术合并急性心衰的护理

目的 提高对心衰合并急性肺水肿的认识，加强针对性的护理，避免延误抢救治疗时间。方法 搜集2001年1月至2003年9月在我院婴幼儿急腹症手术婴幼儿急腹症手术前后出现的急性心衰并肺水肿共33例。通过对并发急性心衰合并肺水肿的婴幼儿进行的手术护理的病例分析；对患儿术前、术中和术后三个不同阶段的观察和护理。结果 经治疗后患儿急性心衰及肺水肿很快被控制。特别是早发现、早治疗的患儿。治愈29例，自动出院1例，死亡3例。结论 对婴幼儿急腹症手术加强心率、呼吸等体征的观察，及早作出急性心衰、肺水肿的诊断及处理，分秒必争，有效地防治心衰的发生，是抢救成功的重要措施之一。     

手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术

目的 探讨手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术的可行性. 方法 肝硬化并食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血及脾功能亢进12例,在手助腹腔镜下采用超声刀分离脾周韧带,Endo-Cutter切断脾蒂,袋装取出;按开腹手术的要求分离切断胃底、食管下段6～8 cm范围内所有曲张血管. 结果 10 例顺利完成手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术,2 例因术中大出血中转开腹手术.10例成功者手术时间2.5～5 h,平均3.4 h,术中出血量100～500 ml,平均250 ml.1例因术后腹腔内出血开腹手术止血,其余病人无其他并发症.10例随访0.5～2年,平均1.5年,4例死于肝功能衰竭,6例1年左右再次出现上消化道出血,6例于1年左右出现上消化道出血,均为小量出血,胃镜检查显示出血原因3例为门脉高压性胃病,1例为胃溃疡,2例食管曲张静脉破裂,均经内科保守治疗缓解. 结论 手助腹腔镜脾切除联合门奇静脉断流术切实可行.     

Role of endothelin in the pathogenesis of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive and 2 kidneys 1 clip rats.

The plasma endothelin (ET) level in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and 2K1C hypertension animal models and its vasoconstrictive effect on renal and tail arteries were studied. The results demonstrated that there was no difference in plasma ET level between the hypertensive groups SHR, 2K1C, normotensive control groups Wistar Kyot (WKY) and Sprague Dawley (SD), while the vasoconstrictive effect of ET in SHR was more dominant than in WKY. The EC50 of the renal and tail arteries in SHR (0.8912 +/- 0.1662 x 10(-8) M, 0.6103 +/- 0.0878 x 10(-8) M) was apparently lower than that in WKY (1.77 +/- 0.2991 x 10(-8) M, 1.2267 +/- 0.2502 x 10(-8) M, P less than 0.05), but no difference was found in 2K1C and SD rats. The four groups of animals exhibited no difference of such effects as response to norepine-phrine (NA). The findings suggested that the increased arteriole sensitivity to ET be an important factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR.

     

蚌埠地区人群金葡菌带菌调查及药敏试验

本文对不同人群抽样调查1101人,结果鼻咽部金葡菌带菌者222人。其中医务人员和住院患者的金葡菌带菌率明显高于院外人群(P<0.001）。提示医院内存在交叉感染。对222株金葡菌测定药敏试验及β-内酰胺酶,结果β-内酰胺酶阳性率89.6％。产酶株全部对青霉素耐药,不产酶株对青霉素敏感率91.4％。产酶与否,对红霉素、氯霉素耐药严重。利福平、苯唑青霉素、丁胺卡那霉素对金葡菌有极高的抗菌活性。     

Changes of Intestinal Caicitonin Gene-related Peptide in Acute Intestinal Radiation Sickness in Rats

The characteristic distribution of calcitonin gone-related peptide(CGRP)inthe small intestine of rats and its changes in acute intestinal radiation sickness(AIRS)were studied with immunocytochemistry(whole mount stretch preparations of the smallintestine and cryostat sections)and radio-immunoassay.It was found that in all the lay-ers of the intestinal walls,there were large amounts of CGRP immunoreactive(CGRP-I)nerve fibers which existed in especiaUy high density in the myenteric,submucosal andmucosal plexuses.There was also a rather high density of the nerves around the smallvessels of the small intestine and the intestinal crypts.Some CGRP-I neurons were seenin the myenteric and submucosal plexuses.In AIRS,the intestinal CGRP showed a dip-hasic change,in a lower level in the 24th h and a higher level in the 48th and 72nd h af-ter irradiation.The results indicate that CGRP may be related to the regulation of the motility,se-cretion,absorption,sensation,and regional blood flow of the gastrointestinal tract.Pro-bably,CGRP is released under the stress of AIRS and participates in the mechanism ofinjury through many ways especially through the influence on the regional blood flowand the increase of the permeability of blood vessels.     

硒和维生素C对白血病细胞增殖及细胞毒性的研究

目的本文主要研究硒和维生素Ｃ影响髓系与非髓系白血病细胞增殖及其细胞毒性的异同。方法体外培养髓系白血病细胞株ＨＬ６０及非髓系细胞株Ｋ５６２，培养时分别设Ｓｅ（５μｍ、８μｍ、１１μｍ）及ＶｉｔＣ（５μｍ、１０μｍ、１００μｍ）实验组及对照组，培养２４ｈ、４８ｈ、７２ｈ后分别取样，利用台盼蓝拒染法进行细胞计数，绘制细胞生长曲线，并通过噻唑蓝比色分析法研究Ｓｅ及ＶｉｔＣ对ＨＬ６０、Ｋ５６２细胞毒性。结果细胞生长曲线显示：Ｓｅ（５～１１μｍ）及ＶｉｔＣ（５～１０μｍ）对ＨＬ６０、Ｋ５６２细胞增殖均有抑制作用。ＭＴＴ结果显示：Ｓｅ（５～１５μｍ）对两种细胞均有细胞毒性。ＶｉｔＣ（５～１０μｍ）对ＨＬ６０具有细胞毒性，而ＶｉｔＣ（５～１００μｍ）对于Ｋ５６２，短时间内毒性作用较明显，随作用时间延长而减弱。结论本实验结果提示：Ｓｅ及ＶｉｔＣ对髓系和非髓系白血病细胞增殖均有抑制作用，但ＶｉｔＣ对于ＨＬ６０和Ｋ５６２作用机制是不同的。这为白血病的化学预防和临床辅助治疗提供一定的理论依据。     

盐酸蒽丹西酮合用地塞米松对顺铂所致家犬的止吐作用

家犬静脉注射顺铂造成呕吐模型,分别用盐酸蒽丹西酮、盐酸蒽丹西酮加地塞米松进行止吐作用的观察。0.2mg/kg盐酸蒽丹西酮仅有部分止吐作用,无论0.5mg/kg和0.2mg/kg的地塞米松均无任何止吐作用,而两者合用时,止吐作用大大增强,0.2mg/kg盐酸蒽丹西酮加0.2mg/kg地塞米松,可达到完全控制顺铂所致的恶心、呕吐。     

效益评价中指标筛选及其假设检验

西文介绍了综合效益评价中指标的逐步筛选及其假设检验方法，用该法选出的指标具有独立性强、代表性好的优点。同是分析处理了全国３４家县级医院的投入指标，从中筛选出５个指标参与评价。